Agenda:

1
Food Allergies and Special Diets

• Agenda
• What is a Special Diet?
• What is a Disability?
• Allergies vs. Food Intolerances
• Disabilities and Special Dietary Needs
• Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Vegetarian Diets
• Resources

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Special Diet and Disability

• What is considered a Special Diet?
• What is considered a Disability?
• DPI Guidance Memorandum 12 C Meal Pattern
  Requirements Infants (Birth through 11 Months)
  and Children (Ages 1 to 12 and older participants
  in certain programs)
• Pages 4, 9 10

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What is classified as a Disability?

• There are 13 categories. Some examples include
• autism,
• deaf,
• visual impairment,
• learning disabilities, and
• acute health problems (e.g. asthma, diabetes,
  epilepsy, leukemia, heart condition)

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Allergies vs. Food Intolerances

• Allergies protein in foods (i.e., milk, eggs,
  fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, wheat,
  peanuts, soybeans) trigger abnormal immune
  response
• Food Intolerances due to inability of the body
  to digest or metabolize a food component

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Allergies and Intolerances Policy

• All personnel know allergies of all children
• Allergies must be posted in a conspicuous but
  confidential manner
• Instructions from parent and physician must at
  all times be kept with the teacher supervising
  the child
• Staff must be trained in emergency procedures for
  responding to allergies

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Allergies and Intolerances Policy

• Emergency equipment, EpiPens must be readily
  available and secured from childrens reach
• If a child is severely allergic to a particular
  food, it should not be served anywhere in the
  entire setting
• Parents should be sent regular reminders to let
  staff members know about allergies

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Meal Pattern

• Breakfast
• Lunch/Supper
• Snack

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Attention-DeficitHyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

• Children may be hyperactive, impulsive,
  inattentive
• Causes can be genetic (inherited) factors brain
  injury exposure to toxic substances lead,
  alcohol tobacco premature birth
• Nutrition Consideration eliminate food dyes and
  increase foods that are high in omega-3 fatty
  acids (fatty fish, walnuts, canola oil, flax)
• Sugar and synthetic sweeteners?

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WHAT is DIABETES MELLITUS?

• Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder which prevents
  the body from using food properly, causing a
  glucose intolerance, or hyperglycemia (elevated
  blood sugar).

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Diabetic vs Non Diabetic

• INSULIN
• ACTIVITY
• GLUCOSE
• (food sugar)

• Glucose Insulin Activity

• Diabetic

• Non Diabetic

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CATEGORIES

• Type I Diabetes
• Type II Diabetes
• Impaired Glucose Intolerance (IGT)
• Secondary Diabetes

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Nutrition Considerations

• A diabetic diet is a healthy balanced diet,
  eliminating excessive concentrated sweets, based
  on the persons usual food intake and activity
  patterns
• 2-3 year old children need the same numbers of
  servings as 4-6 year old children but they need
  smaller portions.
• General rule of thumb 1 Tablespoon of food per
  year of age

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Vegetarian Diets

• Three types
• Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian
• Lacto-Vegetarian
• Vegan Vegetarian
• Vegan plant-based foods and NO animal products
  including honey and products made with animal
  by-products such as gelatin
• Lacto milk and milk products
• Ovo eggs

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Vegetarian Diets

• Benefits
• lowers blood cholesterol,
• lowers blood pressure,
• lowers body mass index,
• reduces risk of heart disease and stroke, and
• reduces risk of type 2 diabetes

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Nutritional Concerns

• Protein
• N-3 fatty acids
• Iron
• Zinc

• Iodine
• Calcium
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin B-12

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Resources

• DPI Community Nutrition Child and Adult Care Food
  Program
• http//fns.dpi.wi.gov/fns_cacfp1
• Dietary Guidelines for Americans
• http//www.dietaryguidelines.gov

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Resources

• Book
• Child Care
• Rethinking Nutrition Connecting Science and
  Practice in Early Childhood Settings
• by Susan Nitzke, PhD, RD Dave Riley, PhD Ann
  Ramminger, MS Georgine Jacobs MS
• Internet
• Diabetes
• National Diabetes Education Program
  http//ndep.nih.gov/index.aspx/

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Resources

• Internet
• Food allergies
• USDA http//www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/pubs/bibs/gen/to
  ddler.pdf
• Baby and Kid Allergies http//babyandkidallergie
  s.com/index.php
• Keeping Kids Healthy
• http//www.keepkidshealthy.com/cgi-bin/search.pl