BEEF GENETICS

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BEEFGENETICS
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2
What color are Shorthorns?

• A. White
• B. Red
• C. Roan
• D. All the above

A
B
C
D
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3
Santa Gertrudis is a mixture of what 2 breeds?

• A. Shorthorn and Brahman
• B. Angus and Brahman
• C. Red Angus and Shorthorn
• D. Red Poll and Beefmaster

A
B
C
D
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4
Which will finish quicker heifers, steers, or
bulls?

• A. Heifers
• B. Steers
• C. Bulls

A
B
C
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5
What is the highest possible quality grade?

• A. Prime
• B. Choice
• C. Select
• D. Standard

A
B
C
D
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6
How is Quality grade determined?

• A. Degree of external fat
• B. Degree of intra-muscular fat
• C. Ribeye area
• D. Carcass size

A
B
C
D
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7
Marbling by definition is ______.

• A. Round shape of the bone
• B. Intra-muscular fat
• C. Ribeye area size
• D. Foot size

A
B
C
D
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8
How do cattle progress in getting fat?

• A. Back to front
• B. Front to back
• C. Bottom to top
• D. Inside out

A
B
C
D
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9
Terminal crossing system means ...

• A. 10 of offspring are kept as replacements.
• B. All heifers will be kept.
• C. All offspring will be sold to market
• D. All steers will be sold to market.

A
B
C
D
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10
A farmer buying a bull for terminal crossing
would put more emphasis on which traits?

• A. Growth and carcass
• B. Maternal and milk
• C. Maternal and growth
• D. Milk and carcass

A
B
C
D
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11
Which of these is a terminal breed of cattle?

• Angus
• Hereford
• Limousin
• Shorthorn

A
B
C
D
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12
What does the term contemporary group mean?

• A group of cattle that are uniform in age and
  management
• A group of cattle that is new to the farm
• A group of cattle that is much smaller than the
  rest of the herd
• A group of bulls that are used to increase
  conception rate

A
B
C
D
13
Polled cattle have ______.

• A. Horns
• B. No horns
• C. A shallow body
• D. twins

A
B
C
D
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14
A heifer twin to a bull is referred to as a _____.

• A. Big sister
• B. Little sister
• C. Step sister
• D. Free martin

A
B
C
D
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15
Which color in cattle is dominant?

• A. Red
• B. Black
• C. White
• D. Roan

A
B
C
D
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16
Which color in cattle is recessive?

• A. Red
• B. Black
• C. White
• D. Purple

A
B
C
D
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17
Line-breeding is a form of _____.

• A. Crossbreeding
• B. In-breeding
• C. Confusion
• D. Out crossing

A
B
C
D
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18
Heterosis is the advantage received from ______.

• A. Crossbreeding
• B. In-breeding
• C. Line-breeding
• D. A father-daughter mating

A
B
C
D
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19
Crossbreeding improves traits _____ in
heritability.

• A. High
• B. Medium
• C. Low
• D. Extremely high

A
B
C
D
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20
100 heterosis can improve growth by as much as
______.

• A. 2-4
• B. 6-8
• C. 10-12
• D. 20-25

A
B
C
D
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21
Why would a purebred breeder practice in-breeding?

• A. Check a line for genetic faults
• B. Improve genetic consistency
• C. Cannot find outside genetics capable of
  making improvement
• D. All the above

A
B
C
D
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22
REA is an abbreviation for _____.

• A. Real beef
• B. Natural beef
• C. Ribeye area
• D. Marbling

A
B
C
D
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23
YW represents which EPD?

• A. Yearling weight
• B. Inter-muscular fat
• C. Yield grade
• D. Scrotal circumference

A
B
C
D
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24
BW represents which EPD?

• A. Born Alive
• B. Marbling
• C. Longevity
• D. Birth weight

A
B
C
D
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25
WW represents which EPD?

• A. Calving interval
• B. Milk
• C. Weaning weight
• D. Yearling weight

A
B
C
D
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26
EPD is an abbreviation for ____.

• A. Excellent progeny decisions
• B. Expected progeny difference
• C. Exception proof of difference
• D. Accuracy

A
B
C
D
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27
MARB refers to which EPD?

• A. More ribeye are
• B. Quality grade
• C. Yield grade
• D. Marbling

A
B
C
D
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28
ACC may be the most important abbreviation
considered when evaluating EPDs. What does it
represent?

• A. Breeder accountability
• B. Accuracy
• C. All EPDs combined
• D. A new longevity EPD

A
B
C
D
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29
What does the term terminal sire mean?

• This sire needs to be slaughtered for meat.
• All offspring from this bull will be sold for
  slaughter.
• Some offspring will be kept as replacements and
  the rest will be slaughtered.
• All offspring will be kept as replacements.

A
B
C
D
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30
Which of these is not a maternal breed of cattle?

• Angus
• Shorthorn
• Hereford
• Charolais

A
B
C
D
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31
What is the largest framed breed of cattle?

• Shorthorn
• Limousin
• Chianina
• Red Angus

A
B
C
D
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32
Which of these breeds can never be black in color?

• Angus
• Brangus
• Charolais
• Limousin

A
B
C
D
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33
Which of these breeds is not red in color?

• Hereford
• Brangus
• Tarentaise
• Red Angus

A
B
C
D
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34
Which of these breeds is not white or gray in
color?

• Charolais
• Santa Gertrudis
• Belgian Blue
• Murray Grey

A
B
C
D
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35
Which of these is considered the heaviest muscled
breed of beef cattle?

• Belgian Blue
• Texas Longhorn
• Angus
• Hereford

A
B
C
D
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36
Which of these is considered the lightest muscled
breed of beef cattle?

• Limousin
• Chianina
• Texas Longhorn
• Angus

A
B
C
D
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37
What breeds can be crossed to make a blue roan?

• Angus and Shorthorn
• Charolais and Limousin
• Angus and Hereford
• Shorthorn and Hereford

A
B
C
D
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38
What percentage of Brahman blood are the Brangus,
Simbrah, and Santa Gertrudis breeds of cattle?

• 1/8
• 5/8
• 3/8
• 7/8

A
B
C
D
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39
What breeds are crossed to make a Beefmaster?

• Brahman, Shorthorn, and Hereford
• Santa Gertrudis, Shorthorn and Braford
• Chianina, Hereford, and Angus
• Texas Longhorn, Simmental, and Maine Anjou

A
B
C
D
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40
What breed of cattle is known for producing the
lightest calves at birth?

• Angus
• Texas Longhorn
• Chianina
• Gelbvieh

A
B
C
D
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41
What does MPPA stand for?

• Most Probable Producing Ability
• More People Produce Angus
• Most Phenotypic Production Ability
• Muscle, Performance, Production, Accuracy

A
B
C
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42
All of these are factors to consider when
adjusting 205 day weights except ________.

• Birth Weight
• Age at Weaning
• Age of Dam
• Amount of Feed/Day

A
B
C
D
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43
Which of these traits is not evaluated with EPDs?

• Birth Weight
• Weaning Weight
• Frame Size
• Yearling Weight

A
B
C
D
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44
Horn tissue that never attaches to the scull is
called _________.

• Longhorns
• Scurs
• Buds
• Horn Cartilage

A
B
C
D
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45
If a scurred cow has a bull calf sired by a
homozygous polled bull, what will be the horn
status of the calf?

• Horned
• Polled
• Scurred

A
B
C
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46
A genetic abnormality that causes muscle
hypertrophy is called __________.

• Light muscled
• Muscular atrophy
• Double muscled
• Super muscled

A
B
C
D
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47
As your calf gets fatter, will dressing
percentage increase or decrease?

• Increase
• Decrease

A
B
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48
Which bull would be the best to breed to heifers?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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49
Which bull will sire the most growth?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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50
Which bull will sire the lightest calves at
weaning?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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51
Which bull would be considered a terminal sire?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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52
Which bull will have daughters that will be most
improved in milk production?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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53
Which bull will increase muscle the most in his
calf crop?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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54
Which bull will make the most improvement in the
offsprings ability to grade choice or higher?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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55
Which bull will sire the lightest muscled calves?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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56
Which bull will sire the biggest calves at birth?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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57
Which bull will produce the heaviest feeder
calves?

• BW WW MILK REA MARB YW
• A. 2.4 30 13 .49 -.32 61
• B. 5.6 48 10 -.01 .15 98
• C. 0.5 28 21 .11 .62 70
• D. 3.4 43 19 .34 -.12 88

A
B
C
D
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58
EPDs can be used to compare different breeds.

• A. True
• B. False

A
B
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59
Which accuracy would make the EPDs the most
accurate?

• A. .28
• B. .54
• C. .90
• D. .67

A
B
C
D
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60
An EPD of .10 weaning weight in the Angus breed
has the same genetic merit as a .10 for WW in
the Hereford breed

• True
• False

A
B
61
Birth Weight (BW) and Weaning Weight (WW) EPDs
are expressed in

• Degrees
• Centimeters
• Pounds
• Inches

A
B
C
D
62
Scrotal Circumferences EPDs are expressed in

• Degrees
• Centimeters
• Pounds
• Inches

A
B
C
D
63
Height EPDs are expressed in

• Degrees
• Centimeters
• Pounds
• Inches

A
B
C
D
64
Marbling EPDs are expressed in

• Degrees
• Centimeters
• Pounds
• Inches

A
B
C
D
65
EPD Accuracy values range from

• 1-10
• 1-50
• 1-100
• 0-1

A
B
C
D