ENERGY

1
ENERGY
2
Energy Energy is the ability to do work. The
word work means transferring energy from one
place to another. energy is neither destroyed nor
created. It can only be changed.
3
Thermal
Electromagnetic
Sound
Types of Energy
Nuclear
Radiant

• Electrical

Chemical
Mechanical
4
Mechanical Energy
Any object in motion has mechanical energy. For
example a ball flying through the air.
5
Electrical Energy

• Energy caused by the movement of electrons.
• Easily transported through power lines and
  converted into other forms of energy.

6
Chemical Energy

• Comes from bonds between atoms in molecules
• Chemical change energy released
• Examples
• Gasoline burning in a car
• Food we eat

7
Nuclear Energy

• Comes from reactions between atomic nuclei.
• Fission splits
• Fusion combines
• HUGE amounts of energy

8
Electromagnetic Energy

• Includes energy from gamma rays, x-rays,
  ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays,
  microwave and radio bands.

9
Thermal energy

• The Thermal energy is the internal kinetic
  energy and it considers the motion of every
  constitutive particle of the system (molecules,
  atoms, electrons, etc.).

10
Sound

• Vibration of molecules in surrounding medium
  (usually air).

11
Radiant Energy
Flows through empty space Examples
Sunlight Radio waves X-rays
12
Sources of Energy.

Renewable
Non-renewable
13
Renewable Energy
Those sources of energy which are being produced
continuously in nature and will never be
exhausted, are called renewable sources of energy.
14
Non-renewable Energy
Those sources of energy which have been produced
in nature over a very, very long time and cannot
be quickly replaced when exhausted, are called
non renewable sources of energy.
15
Renewable sources Energy
Solar energy
Solar energy is the most readily available source
of energy. It does not belong to anybody and is,
therefore, free. It is also the most important of
the non-conventional sources of energy because it
is non-polluting and, therefore, helps in
lessening the greenhouse effect.
16
Biomass Biomass is a renewable energy resource
derived from the carbonaceous waste of various
human and natural activities. It is derived from
numerous sources, including the by-products from
the timber industry, agricultural crops, raw
material from the forest, major parts of
household waste and wood.
17
Hydel Energy
The energy in the flowing water can be used to
produce electricity. Waves result from the
interaction of the wind with the surface of the
sea and represent a transfer of energy from the
wind to the sea. Energy can be extracted from
tides by creating a reservoir or basin behind a
barrage and then passing tidal waters through
turbines in the barrage to generate electricity.
18
Geothermal Energy
We live between two great sources of energy, the
hot rocks beneath the surface of the earth and
the sun in the sky. Our ancestors knew the value
of geothermal energy they bathed and cooked in
hot springs. Today we have recognized that this
resource has potential for much broader
application.
19
Wind Energy
Wind energy is the kinetic energy associated with
the movement of atmospheric air. It has been used
for hundreds of years for sailing, grinding
grain, and for irrigation. Wind energy systems
convert this kinetic energy to more useful forms
of power. Wind energy systems for irrigation and
milling have been in use since ancient times and
since the beginning of the 20th century it is
being used to generate electric power. Windmills
for water pumping have been installed in many
countries particularly in the rural areas.
20
Non- Renewable Energy
Coal
Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel in the
world. During the formation of coal, carbonaceous
matter was first compressed into a spongy
material called "peat," which is about 90 water.
As the peat became more deeply buried, the
increased pressure and temperature turned it into
coal.
21
OIL Crude oil or liquid petroleum, is a fossil
fuel that is refined into many different energy
products (e.g., gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel,
heating oil). Oil forms underground in rock such
as shale, which is rich in organic materials.
22
Nuclear power
In most electric power plants, water is heated
and converted into steam, which drives a
turbine-generator to produce electricity.
Fossil-fueled power plants produce heat by
burning coal, oil, or natural gas. In a nuclear
power plant, the fission of uranium atoms in the
reactor provides the heat to produce steam for
generating electricity.
23
Natural gas
Natural gas production is often a by-product of
oil recovery, as the two commonly share
underground reservoirs. Natural gas is a mixture
of gases, the most common being methane (CH4). It
also contains some ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8),
and butane (C4H10). Natural gas is usually not
contaminated with sulfur and is therefore the
cleanest burning fossil fuel.
24
Thank you
Presented By
Class '8'