Alexi Marmot [e-mail]

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Space mattersWhatever is university and college
space doing

• Alexi Marmot a.marmot_at_ucl.ac.uk
• Professor of Facility and Environment Management
• UCL, Bartlett School of Graduate Studies
• EAUC Conference Bangor University 22 March 2010

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Universities - sustainable, growing 1000 years
Bodleian Library, Oxford Kings College,
Cambridge Web images Jan 2008, Mar 2010
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1000 years of universities
1884 University of Wales in Bangor
1826 University College London
1950s/60s post war universities
1992 new universities
1970 Open University
1209 Cambridge
1592 Dublin
1413 St Andrews
1495 Aberdeen
1583 Edinburgh
1451 Glasgow
1088 Bologna
1167 Oxford
1150 Paris
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400
1500 1600 1700 1800
1900 2000 2100 Year
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HE and FE - vast activity sector

• college university
• No. Institutions 440 160
• Student FTE (mill.) 1.53 1.57
• Sq m (mill. gross int GIA) 10.1 25.6

e-Mandate 2005/6 and EMS 2006/7
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colleges
Telford College S-E Essex College Newcastle
College Ravensbourne College City Islington
College Web images, Mar 2010
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HE and FE - large environmental footprint

• college university
• Energy (mill. kWh/yr) 2,251 7,256
• Water (mill. m3/yr) 5.8 25.4
• waste recycled 11 24

e-Mandate 2005/6 and EMS 2006/7
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Environmental footprint per learner FTE

• college university
• Energy (kWh/yr) 1,365 3,365
• CO2 (kg) na 996
• Water (m3/yr) 3.3 11.8

e-Mandate 2005/6 EMS 2006/7
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Energy use and CO2 emissions moderate but
growing
academic building
residential building
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our buildings are

• overlit

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our buildings are

• overheated or overcooled

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our buildings are

• undercontrolled

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our buildings are

• underutilised

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HE energy consumption is reducing
Source IPD (Nov-Dec 2008) EMS Briefing Seminar
and Workshop, slide 26
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Activity growth outstrips space growth

• 15 HE student growth in five years (2001/2 -
  2006/7)
• only 8 space growth

Source IPD (Nov-Dec 2008) EMS Briefing Seminar
and Workshop, slide 17
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Space student HE choices

• Q. How important were the following when
  choosing which university or college to apply
  to?
• A. saying the following issues are very
  important.

Source Forum for the Future, Future Leaders
Survey 2007/08
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NSS scarcely addresses space and facilities

• Mean score (out of 5)
• (162,000 full time students 2007)
• 4.00 Teaching on my course
• 3.52 Assessment and feedback
• 3.82 Academic support
• 3.79 Organisation and management
• 4.08 Learning resources
• 4.02 Personal development
• 4.01 Overall satisfaction

Source National Student Survey IPSOSS/MORI
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How is space allocated? UK HEIs excluding
residential
Source HEFCE (2007/8), Performance in Higher
Education Estates. EMS Report 2006 Annex A Table
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HE space norms decreasing for twenty years
NOCAG (1987) SMG (2006)
Source Space Management Group (2006) Review of
Space Norms
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FE space norms are decreasing
PCFC (1990) SMG (2006)
Source Space Management Group (2006) Review of
Space Norms
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Wide range of area eg research workstations
sqm
Desk surface Workstation footprint Room average
From HEFCE (2006) Promoting space efficiency in
building design, p 18

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Utilisation of teaching space

• college university
• Actual 32 25
• Target 31 30
• Utilisation frequency x occupancy

Actual e-Mandate 2005/6 and EMS 2006/7
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all teaching facilities are underused
recommended utilisation (7)
available for use (20)
out of term (30)
evenings (30)
weekends (20)
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• What should university and colleges space be
  doing?

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• improve space management
• extend teaching hours
• flex the academic year
• introduce more activities
• multi-functional spaces
• explore distance learning

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• build to last for low carbon economy
• radical retrofit
• unite research and action
• deliver 80 CO2 reduction projects now
• localised demonstration projects
• signpost the future to all students

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• take action to influence the leaders of tomorrow
  by creating a sustainable future today

Professor Lord Stern of Brentford, LSE in
Sustainable Development in HE, (2009)
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Space matters
Thank you Alexi Marmot a.marmot_at_ucl.ac.uk