Steering

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Steering

• Parallelogram
• Steering
• Linkage

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Parallelogram Steering Linkage

• Defined as
• one in which the tie rods are mounted parallel to
  the lower control arms

Side by Side
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What is it used on?

• This type of steering linkage is used on most
  pickups and rear wheel drive cars

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Components
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It can be either way
Front mounted steering linkage
Rear mounted steering linkage
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Pitman Arm

• Connects the steering gear to the steering
  linkage

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Pitman Arm

• Attached to the steering gear

Pitman
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Two styles of Pitman arms
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Idler Arm
Holds up one side of the steering linkage
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Idler Arm
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• Different styles of idler arms used on steering
  linkages
• Note the wear points
• Very high maintenance item

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Center link
Connects the Pitman to the Idler arm Holds tie
rods at the right height
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Different Styles
Center Links
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Tie Rods
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Tie Rod placement and length is important

• It must be parallel and close to the same length
  in order for the toe in to stay constant during
  jounce and rebound

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• The MOST CRITICAL tire wearing angle

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Tie Rod

• Spring loaded type

Pivot point for the linkage during turning and
suspension bounce
Some mechanics over sell by using a large angle
headed pliers to test the tie rod end
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Tie Rod
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Tie Rod Sleeve
Function To adjust tie rod length
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Tie Rod Sleeve
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Excessive toe in or toe out
Inside edge
Toe out wears the inside edge Toe in wears the
outside edge
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Excessive toe in or toe out

• Scuffing wears off the edge of each tread rib.

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• Tie Rod Sleeve Adjustment tool

3/8 drive
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Dry Park Check

• This method is an effective way to check for
  worn parts which will find any problems yet does
  not over sell parts

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With the full weight of the vehicle on the tires,
turn the steering wheel back and forth a small
amount, quickly
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Steering arms
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Toe out on turns
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Another steering linkage style
What kind of burger?
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Haltenburger

• Haltenburger style used on
• Ford pickups

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Haltenburger

• Haltenburger style used on
• Older pickups

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