Raw Materials Study at Chicago O

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Raw Materials Study at Chicago OHare
International Airport

• by
• Francis B. Nelson III
• Leslie J. Struble

July 14, 2005
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Overview

• Materials Update
• Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) Update
• Potassium Acetate Deicer Proposal

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Illinois Material Surveys

• Aggregates
• Approved Aggregate Sources graph
• Freeze-Thaw Rating graph
• ASR Expansion Rating (Draft) graph
• Cements
• Qualified Cement Plants database
• Graph of Cement Plant Alkali Levels
• Mineral Admixtures
• Fly Ash database
• Other Materials database

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Surrounding States DOTs

• All have similar specifications for materials and
  concrete pavements
• All have testing programs similar to Illinois DOT
  Bureau of Materials to approve material producers
• None have F/T rating list, but all do testing
• Only Minnesota has an ASR test, but does not have
  specification

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Approved Materials Lists Specifications

• Available on the internet (Doing Business
  Section on each website)
• http//www.dot.state.il.us/dobuisns (Illinois)
• Section 400 Pavements
• Section 1000 Materials
• http//www.ai.org/dot/ (Indiana)
• Section 500 Concrete Pavement
• Section 900 Materials Details
• http//www.dot.state.ia.us/ (Iowa)
• Division 41 Construction Materials
• IM 209 Materials Testing
• http//www.michigan.gov/mdot/ (Michigan)
• Division 6 PCC Pavements
• Division 9 Materials
• http//www.dot.state.mn.us/ (Minnesota)
• Division III Materials
• http//www.dot.wisconsin.gov (Wisconsin)
• Section 501 Concrete

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Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS)
Producer Location Grade Specific Gravity
Holcim (US) Chicago, IL 100 2.89
Lafarge North America Grand Chain, IL 120 2.86
  Chicago, IL 120 2.91
Buzzi Unicem USA New Orleans, LA 120 2.87

High Reactivity Metakaolin (HRM) High Reactivity Metakaolin (HRM) High Reactivity Metakaolin (HRM) High Reactivity Metakaolin (HRM)
Producer Location   Specific Gravity
Engelhard Corp. Iselin, NJ   2.50

Microsilica Microsilica Microsilica Microsilica
Producer Location   Specific Gravity
Elkem Materials, Inc. Alloy, WV   2.15
Reference IDOT List of Approved Materials Reference IDOT List of Approved Materials
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ASR Update

• Attended IDOT Working Group Meeting on May 24,
  2005 at District 1 HQ
• IDOT has provided
• Draft Special provision
• Draft List of fine aggregate suppliers
• Recommendations to OMP
• UIUC Testing

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IDOT Working Group Meeting

• Slowly introduce a statewide specification
• Special provision on job specific basis (Dan Ryan
  Project)
• Only District 4 (Peoria) showing evidence in
  pavements of ASR currently
• Other districts have reactive aggregates
• Draft List of Fine Aggregate Producers
• Proposed Four Categories of Aggregate Reactivity
• According to ASTM C 1260 Test Results
• Less than 0.1 (innocuous), 0.1 - 0.2
  (potentially innocuous), 0.2 - 0.3 (potentially
  deleterious), Greater than 0.3 (deleterious)
• Future Work for IDOT
• Blended Cements
• Blended Sands (manufactured with natural)
• Ternary Mixes
• Next Meeting on October 26, 2005

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Recommendations

• Two categories of expansion rather than three
  (lt0.1 and gt0.1)
• No maximum alkali content for cements (due to
  potassium in deicer)
• Allow contractors to use ASTM C 1567 to make a
  combination of aggregate, cement, and mineral
  admixture that yields expansion less than 0.1

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UIUC Testing

• Aggregates selected from Chicago market
• 5 natural sands and 1 manufactured sand
• Compare results with IDOT for same sources
• Chart showing tests completed
• Additional tests underway using Pyrex glass and
  Ottawa sand

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Remaining Work

• Complete ASR tests
• Pyrex Glass
• Ottawa Sand
• Produce Tech Notes
• Alkali Silica Reaction Recommendations
• FAA P-501 Specification Modifications
• Produce Final Report
• Test Mineral Admixtures (Year 2)
• Test for potential combinations to mitigate
  against reactive aggregates, use ASTM C 1567 test
  method.
• Use fine aggregates previously tested and combine
  with mitigating materials, such as fly ash and
  slag, to test for decreased expansion.

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Impact of Potassium Acetate Deicing Chemicals on
ASR of Candidate OMP Concrete Materials

• by
• Leslie J. Struble
• Francis B. Nelson III

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Overview

• Background
• Tasks
• Schedule
• Deliverables
• Budget

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Background on Potassium Acetate Deicer

• Non-chloride based deicer
• Non-toxic, Biodegradable and less corrosive
• Lowers freezing temperature (-76o F)
• Also anti-icing agent (prevents freezing)
• Avoid use with non air entrained concrete,
  galvanized metals, and non-watertight electrical
  systems

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Tasks

• Conduct literature review on deicing chemicals
  and potential reaction with concrete materials.
• Select representative fine aggregates to test for
  ASR reaction with the potassium acetate chemical.
• Survey/test deicing chemicals for alkali
  concentration in solution.
• Test selected samples for alkali-silica reaction
  using standard tests for aggregates modified to
  simulate potassium acetate solutions.
• Obtain concrete cores from field samples of
  representative pavements that have used potassium
  acetate as a deicer.
• Test the cores for alkali concentration. Examine
  cores for possible alkali-silica reaction and
  possible surface scaling.
• Based on test results, recommend materials for
  OMP pavements.
• Write final report at end of project and
  Technical Notes as necessary throughout the
  study.

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Schedule
Task Number 1 ( perform literature review) 2 (select aggregates) 3 (survey alkali concentration) 4 (test samples) 5 (obtain concrete cores) 6 (test cores) 7 (make recommendations) 8 (write final report) Month 1-2 3 3 4-6 7-10 7-10 11 12
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Deliverables

• Tech notes
• Final report with recommendations

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Budget

• 40,000
• One grad student
• One month faculty salary