Title: UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
1UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
- Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
2APA Overview
- Why?
- Edition
- Common Mistakes
- APA Relation with UWF Thesis and Dissertation
Guide -
3UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
Abbreviations
(APA, 6th ed. pp. 106-111)
- Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
4Abbreviations/Acronyms
- Identify acronyms with first usage, and then use
acronym consistently throughout dissertation
(consult your committee chairsome want acronyms
identified with first use in each chapter). - Incorrect
- The results of the studies of simple reaction
time (RT) to a visual target have shown a strong
negative relation between reaction time and
luminance. - Correct
- The results of the studies of simple reaction
time (RT) to a visual target have shown a strong
negative relation between RT and luminance.
(APA, 6th ed. pp. 106-111)
5Numbers and Symbols
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
- Numbers (APA, 6th ed., pp.111-114)
- Percents (APA, 6th ed., p. 118)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
64.31 Numbers Expressed in Numerals
- Numbers that represent
- time, dates, ages, scores and points on a scale,
exact sums of money, and numerals as numerals - Exceptions
- Use words for approximations of numbers of days,
months, and years - About two years ago
(APA, 6th ed., pp. 111-112)
74.31 Numbers Expressed in Numerals
- Numbers that denote
- a specific place in a numbered series
- parts of books and tables
- each number in a list of four or more numbers
(APA, 6th ed., pp. 111-112)
84.34 Ordinal Numbers
- Treat ordinal numbers as you would cardinal
numbers - Ordinal
- Second-order factor
- The first and fifth items
- The last measure of the 80th trial
(APA, 6th ed., p. 113)
94.32 Numbers expressed as words
- Begins a sentence, title, or text heading
- Common fractions
- Two-thirds majority
- Universally accepted usage
- The Twelve Apostles
- Five Pillars of Islam
(APA, 6th ed., p. 112)
10Percents
- Use the symbol for percent only when it is
preceded by a numeral - Use the word percentage when a number is not
given - Exceptions
- Table headings and figures
(APA, 6th ed., p. 118)
11Secondary Sources
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., p. 178, 6.17)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
126.17 Secondary Sources
- Incorrect
- Seidenberg and McClellands study (1989)
indicates that . . . (Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins,
Haller, 1993). - Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, and Haller (1993)
quote Seidenberg and McClellands study (1989). .
. - Correct
- Seidenberg and McClellands study (as cited in
Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, Haller, 1993) . . . - List only the Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins,
Haller, 1993 reference (the secondary source) in
the reference pages.
(APA 6th ed., p. 178, 6.17)
13et al.
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., pp. 175-177, 198)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
14et al.
- Latin abbreviation
- et al.
- Comma and et al.
- Parenthetical reference
- Follow author when there are multiple authors
preceding et al. (6.12)
(APA 6th ed., p. 175)
15et al.
- Works of 3-5 authors
- List all with first use
- Use et al. with all usages afterward
- Throughout entire document (view as one document)
- See Table 6.1, p. 177
(APA 6th ed., p. 177)
16et al.
- Works of 6 authors
- Use et al. each time even with first use
- Throughout entire document (view as one document)
- See Table 6.1, p. 177
- Reference Pages
- Up to 7 authors list all
- 7 list first 6, followed by . . . Last author
only (2 on p. 198)
(APA 6th ed., p. 177, 198)
17Seriation
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., pp. 63-65)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
18Seriation
- Within a paragraph or sentence, identify elements
in a series by lowercase letters (not italicized)
in parentheses - The participants three choices were (a) working
with another participant, (b) working with a
team, and (c) working alone.
(APA 6th ed., pp. 63-65)
19Seriation
- Separate paragraphs in a series, such as itemized
conclusions or steps in a procedure, are
identified by an Arabic numeral followed by a
period but not enclosed in or followed by
parentheses - Using the learned helplessness theory, we
predicted that the depressed and nondepressed
participants would make the following judgments
of control - 1. Individuals who . . .
- 2. Nondepressed persons exposed to . . .
- 3. Depressed persons exposed to . . .
- 4. Depressed and nondepressed participants in
the no-noise groups . . .
(APA 6th ed., pp. 63-65)
20Seriation
- Notice that with numerical lists, the text is
aligned under the text, not under the numbers.
Make sure that the numbers are aligned on the
decimal (youll notice a problem when you go from
9 to 10 since MS Word does not align on the
decimal when you go from one digit to two digit
numbers). - Bulleted lists are acceptable in the 6th edition
of the APA manual . - Refer to pp. 64-65 for rules regarding bulleted
lists.
(APA 6th ed., pp. 63-65)
21Back to Back Parentheses
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., p. 94)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
22Back to Back Parentheses
- Incorrect
- (e.g., defensive pessimism) (Norem Cantor,
1986) - Correct
- (e.g., defensive pessimism Norem Cantor,
1986)
(APA 6th ed., p. 94)
23Ellipsis Points
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., pp. 172-173)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
24Ellipsis Points
- Use 3 spaced ellipsis points within a sentence to
indicate that you have omitted material from the
original source. - Correct
- Anchor text . . . text continues . . . text
continues - Incorrect
- text continuestext continues
(APA 6th ed., pp. 172-173)
25Ellipsis Points
- Use 4 points to indicate omission between
sentences - Correct
- Anchor text beginning text . . . . next
sentence. - Incorrect
- Beginning text.next sentence.
(APA 6th ed., pp. 172-173)
26Quotations
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., pp. 170-179)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
27Floating Quotations
- Floating quotes or dropped quotes
- Incorrect
- The placebo effect . . . disappeared when
behaviors were studied in this manner (Miele,
1993, p. 276). - Correct
- She stated, The placebo effect . . .
disappeared when behaviors were studied in this
manner (Miele, 1993, p. 276).
28Block Quotes
- A direct quote that contains 40 or more words are
placed in a block quote (omit the quotation marks
in a block quote). - See last example in 6.03 on pg. 171 of 6th ed.
29Tables
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., pp. 128-150)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
30Common Problems
- Aligning decimal places
- Matching Table Title to text and List of Tables
- Title Case
- Spacing
- Single spacing allowed, but consider readability
- Dont single space just to condense size of table
- Table Titles Italicized at top of table
- Continued Tables (continued) at bottom and top
of next page (italicized) Headings are repeated
on continued pages
31Common Problems
- Table Notes
- Bottom of table
- Word Note is italicized and followed by a .
- Acronyms are identified
- Sequence number of according to need
32Figures
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
(APA 6th ed., pp. 150-167)
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
33Common Problems
- Picture
- Title (Caption) is at bottom of Figure
- Figure and Number italicized and followed by .
- Figure 1.
- Caption sentence case. Full caption must be in
list of figures.
34Heading/Subheading Levels for Theses (APA 6th)
UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together
35(No Transcript)
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373.03 APA Levels of Heading
1. Centered, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading
2. Flush Left, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading
3. Indented, boldface, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.
4. Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.
5. Indented, boldface, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.
38APA and TDG
- Referencing tables and figures/ placement of
tables and figures - Incorporate tables or figures directly after the
paragraph containing the initial reference - Do not use sentences such as
- Table 5 illustrates the responses of the two
sets of sixth-grade students. - Instead use
- The responses of the two sets of sixth-grade
students varied little (Table 5).
(UWF TD Guide, Illustrative Materials)
39UWF Graduate School APA Thesis Guide
Questions or Concerns
- Putting the Formatting Style Pieces Together