Warehouse Assignment

1
Warehouse Assignment

• Toby Labuc 201191189
• Joseph McCann 300175876
• Daniel Odwyer 300176765
• Gareth Bellchambers 300170954

2
Construction Overview

• The BDC have purchased a block of land at, lot 4,
  Baines Crescent, in the industrial area of
  Torquay. (Zone 3)
• The site is not currently surrounded by other
  structures. Therefore setbacks are not required
  for any other reason than achieving an approved
  fire rating.

3
Design Features

• In order to achieve a professional, and appealing
  shop front, we have located the warehouse behind
  the showroom, and concealed any transport
  vehicles.
• In order to keep the warehouse as multi
  functional as possible, we have decided to keep
  the area column free, having steel roofing beams
  spanning the whole distance.
• One of our main Objectives was to achieve a free
  flowing, and efficient working area for the
  warehouse. And a modern showroom, that will
  provide the company with an aesthetically
  pleasing shopfront.

4
Site Layout

• The showroom has been positioned towards the
  front of the site.
• The warehouse located toward the back.
• Next to the showroom is a large customer/ staff
  car park.
• There is a large area of the land devoted to
  providing trucks with adequate turning space.
• The Warehouse and showroom have been designed and
  built as separate structures.

2
4
1
3
5
30m
54m
6m
6m
20m
30m
6m
6
Warehouse layout
Security Office
5m
Roller Doors
Offices
Lunch Room
Toilets
30m
54m
7
Excavation of site

• As you can see from the site layout, the
  geographical characteristics of our site, show a
  slope running from the back to the front. As our
  warehouse cant have any internal steps (due to
  forklift access) we need to level the affected
  area.
• However, as the Showroom is a separate structure,
  it can be levelled to a different origin point.

Warehouse
Showroom
8
Excavation of Site

• Not only does the immediate area under the
  warehouse need to be levelled, the surrounding
  areas also need to be excavated to the same
  depth.
• This is to allow fire exit doors to be opened
  outwards, and for any transport vehicles to be
  able to access the roller doors with out any
  fuss.
• Excavating the site is a costly exercise, yet for
  the smooth running of the company, we see it as
  necessary procedure.

9
Footings and Foundations

• Soil classification for our site is Class M
• For this we have chosen to use a standard raft
  slab, yet will provide extra strength and
  stability through the addition of pad footings
  under all necessary columns.

10
Slab and Footings

• First, the site is excavated to the required
  depths for pad footings, and raft slab. In
  accordance with the engineers specifications, the
  pad footings need to be embedded into the clay
  foundations to a min of 200mm.
• Steel reinforcement is then placed in position
  for the pad footings. Keeping a 45mm encasing of
  cement around all members, top and bottom. This
  ensures that no water or oxygen can come in
  contact with the steel causing corrosion.

11
Slab and Footings

• Once the pad footings have been poured and set,
  the reinforcement for the raft slab is
  positioned.
• This then allows for the raft slab to be poured.
  Plastic chairs are used to position the steel
  mesh at the correct height, keeping a 45mm
  covering of concrete around all steel members.

12
Slab and Footings

• As our slab covers a large area, noticeable
  differential movement will occur. To avoid the
  movement from creating cracks in our rigid slab,
  we will space 50mm deep saw cuts every 12 13
  feet apart, acting as expansion Joints.
• These saw cuts will preferably cut through the
  top layer of longitudinal steel mesh, thus
  allowing for the slab to open up, and relieve any
  tensile stress.
• An appropriate sealant shall be used to fill in
  these cuts, keeping the steel reinforcement
  protected from corrosion, yet giving the
  flexibility required.
• These cuts are to be made between 12 to 24 hours
  after the slab has been poured, in order to
  prevent any immediate cracking.

13
Warehouse Primary Structure

• We have chosen to use steel Portal Frames for our
  primary structure.
• Definition. A continuous rigid frame with a
  restrained joint between the column and beam.
  (Jeremy Ham, lecture notes, portal frames.)

14
Advantages of Portal Frames

• Due to the material used (steel) and the design
  of each Portal Frame, they are able to span large
  distances (from 15 45m) without the use of
  intermittent columns.
• The pre-fabricated members of the frame have been
  designed in a manner that allows for simple, and
  quick erection. For example, there are small
  brackets placed on the columns, at the required
  height, which allow for the roofing beams to rest
  in place while the trades persons fix them to
  each other.

15
Advantages of Portal Frames

• As there is only a couple of welders, steel
  workers, and a crane driver necessary in the
  construction of these frames, only a limited
  amount of trades are present.
• All of these factors also dramatically reduce the
  costs associated with normal primary structures.

16
Alternative Framing

• An alternative framing system to the portal frame
  is precast concrete panels.
• This framing system uses precast concrete panels
  instead of stanchions/ columns. The load from the
  roof is passed on down through the concrete
  panels.
• The rafters, bracing and strut ties transfer the
  roof load on to the concrete panels. The rafter
  are connected by a steel plate that is bolted
  into the panel.
• The benefits of using this system is the precast
  concrete panels give the building a good finish
  for the are factory made so there are no
  imperfections, therefore no additional wall
  cladding is required, saving money.
• However there are large expenses involved in the
  transportation of the precast concrete panels.
  Also the walls need to be erected erected using
  cranes and other heavy machinery, which can make
  them quite costly in comparison to portal frame
  and steel sheet cladding. In addition there are
  high OHS risk involved in using concrete panels
  which also adds to the cost of this type of
  framing system.

Source- Ham, J.J., Lecture notes, Tilt up
PowerPoint presentation
Source-http//www.workcover.vic.gov.au/dir090/vwa/
home.nsf/pages/so_construction_attach2/File/Panel
_Collapse.pdf
17
Glossary for Steel Members

• When we describe a universal beam or an universal
  column, we use the format Depth, Name of
  Member, and weight per lineal meter. E.g.
  410UB54
• For all primary structures, we will use I
  beams. And for all secondary structures we will
  use C sections
• 6CFW this refers to the welding method,
  connecting the web to the flange. E.g. 6mm
  thick, continuous fillet weld.
• BMT bare metal thickness

18
Steel Members - Warehouse

• 360 UB 51. These members have been chosen as the
  minimum required, taking into account for the
  dead and live loads for the area. This was done
  to achieve an acceptable cost effectiveness.
• 100 x 16mm thick sheer stiffener plates top and
  bottom. But welded end. 6CFW to web on both
  sides of column.
• 16mm thick base plate. 6CFW.
• Pre drilled holes for bolting
• Brace to support roofing beams to sit on.

19
Steel Members - Warehouse

• 410 UB 54. These members have been chosen as the
  minimum required, taking into account for the
  dead and live loads for the area. This was done
  to achieve an acceptable cost effectiveness.
• Beams at a 6º roof pitch
• 200 x 25mm thick end plate, with butt welded
  flanges.
• 200 x 32mm thick end plate, with butt welded
  flanges.

20
Connections - Warehouse

• Ridge Joint 4 x M20 8.8/TF bolts at the top and
  bottom of the flange plates.
• This is referred to as a flexible connection.
• A flexible connection gives simple support with
  reduced costs, (doesn't include need for bracing)
  and as it is bolted on site, there is less
  welding.

21
Connections - Warehouse

• Knee Joint 4 x M30 8.8/TF bolts at the top and
  bottom of the flange plates, and butt welded to
  form a rigid connection.
• This combines beam and column into one structural
  entity
• This gives a higher restraint to beam rotation.
• However is more complex to fabricate, is more
  difficult to erect with high tolerance, and is
  more costly.

22
Connections - Warehouse

• 4 x M16 caged Bolts
• Embedded 300mm deep into footing.
• Minimum of 25mm non shrink grout under base
  plate.
• This is called a rigid base plate connection.

23
Roof Bracing - Warehouse

• 20 mm diameter rods for cross bracing, slotted
  through hole in web. With universal wind bracing
  bracket used to tension rods.
• Hook roof bracing up to underside of every second
  purlin with R6 diameter hooks prior to tensioning.

24
Wall Bracing - Warehouse

• 20mm diameter rods for cross bracing.
• Fixed to columns via 90 x 90 x 10mm angles

25
Secondary Structure - Warehouse

• The secondary structure is in place to provide
  extra fixing points for any cladding used. This
  allows for a reduction in the size any cladding,
  as it does not have to span great distances.
• The secondary structure will be fixed to the
  primary structure by bolting the webs to
  pre-welded brackets.

9000mm
2000
26
Secondary Structure - Warehouse

• Due to different wind loads on different areas of
  the structure, we need to provide extra purlins
  and gurts in order for the cladding to have
  adequate strength.
• For the Walls, we are using Z sections, 254mm
  deep, 79mm broad flange, 74mm narrow flange, 19mm
  lip depth, and 1.9mm BMT. This has a section
  mass of 6.39kg/m
• These will be spaced at 2900mm top and bottom of
  the wall (end span), and at 3000mm internal span.

27
Secondary Structure - Warehouse

• For the Roof, we will be using C sections,
  254mm deep, 76mm flange, 19mm lip depth, and
  1.9mm BMT. This has a section mass of 6.39kg/m
• These will have an end span 2000mm, and an
  internal span of 2500mm.

28
Wall Cladding

• LYSAGHT TRIMWALL Rib-and-pan walling (steel
  sheeting)
• This wall cladding was chosen because it ties in
  with the roof cladding. Since it is manufactured
  by the same company the finishes can be
  consistent throughout.
• Wall cladding made from ZINCALUME steel (meaning
  it is coated in aluminium/zinc alloy) this is in
  compliance with AS1397-G550-AZ150. It is this
  that gives it an excellent corrosion resistance.
  This is an important factor in terms of cladding
  since the warehouse is located in a costal area.
• In addition this cladding is lightweight and
  versatile
• Like the roof cladding, the finish of wall steel
  sheeting will be acrylic painted.

29
Wall Cladding

• Span
• End Span
• 2900
• Internal Span
• 3000
• The maximum recommended support spacings are
  based on testing in accordance with AS1562.1-1992
  and AS4040.2-1992 (http//www.bluescopesteel.com.a
  u).
• The wind pressure capacity is determined in
  accordance with the engineers specifications.

Source- http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au
30
Wall Cladding

• LYSAGHT TRIMWALL Rib-and-pan walling (steel
  sheeting) is fastened by screws on every grit
  with weatherlok washers beneath head of the
  screw. Predrilled holes in sheeting should be 3mm
  larger than screw shank.

Source- http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au
31
Wall Cladding

• Alternative to the wall cladding system being
  used
• Precast concrete panels combined with a steel
  sheet cladding.
• The system was turned down because it additional
  materials are required and there are large
  transport expenses when transporting precast
  concrete adding to the cost of the construction.
  The benefits of using this system is that the
  wall cladding cannot be damaged by the forklift,
  however this can easily be combated by the
  location of the whare house shelving.
• Another alternative is just using precast
  concrete or tilt up panels this option was turned
  down for it did not tie in with the roof cladding
  also since the panels constructed on site there
  is a greater chance of imperfections. In addition
  there is greater OHS when dealing with tilt-up
  panels.

Source- http//www.thomasarmstrong.com.uk
Sourcehttp//www.workcover.vic.gov.au/vwa/home.ns
f/pages/so_construction_attach2/File/Panel_Collap
se.pdf
32
Roofing Cladding - Warehouse

• The roof cladding used on this warehouse is
  LYSAGHT LONGLINE 305 flat-pan, concealed-fixed
  roofing which is steel with a ZINCALUM coating.
• This coating is made form aluminium/zinc
  alloy-coated steel.
• This is manufactured by Blue Scope Steel.

Source- http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au
33
Roofing Cladding - Warehouse

• Spans
• - Internal Span
• - with a maximum spacing of 2500mm
• -End Span
• - with a maximum spacing of 2000mm
• The maximum recommended roof support spacing are
  based on testing in accordance with
  AS1562.1-1992,AS4040.1-1992 and AS4040.1-1992
  (http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au)
• This span takes into consideration both
  resistance to wind pressure and light foot
  traffic (loads due to incidental maintenance).
  As there is a greater amount of pressure on the
  edge of the warehouse, shorter spans are required
  in those areas to provide extra strength.

34
Roofing Cladding - Warehouse

• The base metal thickness (BMT) of this roof
  cladding is 0.70mm (http//www.bluescopesteel.com.
  au)
• It has a 300MPa minimum yield stress and 150g/m²
  minimum coating mass this is in compliance with
  AS 1397-2001 G300, AZ150 (http//www.bluescopestee
  l.com.au).

35
Roofing Cladding - Warehouse

• The finish/ coating on this cladding is acrylic,
  this is because of the availability of acrylic
  paint, good corrosion resistance, good colour
  performance and gloss retention, and has good
  abrasion resistance. The cladding will be
  pre-painted.
• The cladding will have ridge capping running the
  ridge of the roof. There will also be flashing
  on the ends of the warehouse.
• The cladding will be fastened using screws. They
  shall be fastened as per metal deck roofing, plus
  weatherlok washers beneath head of the roof
  fastener to stop water leakage. Nominally longer
  than standard fasteners and holes in sheeting
  should be predrilled 3mm larger than screw shanks
  (http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au)

36
Roofing Cladding - Warehouse

• It is a strong and durable product, and its
  aluminium and zinc coating give it a corrosion
  resistance that is vital for the costal
  environment where this warehouse is located.
• It is also traditionally used in industrial
  buildings and applications.
• There is a corrosion warranty of 25 years on this
  material.
• As long as this steel sheeting is well maintained
  and the coat in accordance with the engineers
  specifications, a reasonable life span can be
  ensured thus keeping coast down.
• Also the cladding combines well with most other
  building materials and treatments.

37
Roofing Cladding - Warehouse

• Some alternative roof cladding systems are
• LYSAGHT INTREGRITY 820, this has all most of
  benefits of LYSAGHT INTREGRITY 305, however
  LYSAGHT INTREGRITY 820 can not be used on roof
  that have a pitch greater than 1 degree.
• Another alternative was Aluminium Roofing was
  also neglected this was due to the cost of using
  this product. The warehouse has quite a large
  roof area and also if this type f cladding was
  use on the walls as well that would come at a
  great expense.

38
Guttering - Warehouse

• The guttering used for this warehouse will be
  D/ Quad gutter.
• This type of guttering was chosen because it is
  manufactured by blue scope steel like the roof
  cladding. This means the gutters are compatible
  with steel roofing and come in a full range of
  matching colors.
• This gutter slops at a minimum fall of 1 in every
  500, therefore over the length of building the
  guttering will need to drop 10.8 cm.

39
Guttering - Warehouse

• A 65 mm
• B 90 mm
• C 115 mm
• Source-http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au

40
Guttering - Warehouse

• Other types of guttering were not considered
  because we wanted to maintain the same materials
  and colors in the roof and gutter.
• Also seeing as both the roof cladding and the
  guttering came from the same manufacturer (blue
  scope steel) they were transported together
  reducing the costs. This also meant only one
  invoice.
• In the long run is saved a lot of time and money.

41
Guttering Down Pipes

• The down pipes that are being using are also from
  Blue Scope Steel.
• We are using this type down piping for the same
  reason as the guttering, it will tie in with the
  building, the required colours are available and
  it will make the construction easier using the
  same manufacturer for the roof cladding,
  guttering and down pipes.

42
Guttering Down Pipes

• The warehouse will have rectangular down pipes.
• These will be made from aluminium, this is
  because it has excellent corrosion resistance.
  The finishes (eg acrylic paint) will still be
  consistent throughout the roofing.
• The sizing of these pipes
• Dimensions-150 x 150 mm
• BMT (mm)- 0.55
• Spacing (m)- 18
• Finish- Acrylic Paint

43
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets
construction process

• The wall frames ware the first to go up. The
  studs, top plate and bottom plate are nailed
  together creating the basic wall shape. It is in
  this process that doors and windows cutout. Then
  noggins a placed in between the 600c/c spaced
  studs. This is to straighten up (make them
  square) the walls.
• Once all this is done the walls are erected,
  using a ramset gun to nail the bottom plate into
  the slab. Then when they are in place the
  plasterboards can start being fixed on. Before
  this process is finished the necessary services
  must be installed.
• Once the services are installed the insulation
  can be put in the walls. When this is all
  completed the rest of the plasterboard can be
  screwed on to the wall.
• The connections between each plasterboard sheet
  will then be plastered over, this is to make sure
  the finish will look nice.
• Lastly the wall will have a normal painted
  finish.

44
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets

• The offices, lunch room and toilets are all
  constructed by traditional timber framing
  techniques. Although the survives required for
  each room may differ.
• For the comfort of the employer (of the client)
  and to keep the warehouse versatile the offices,
  lunch rooms and toilets will be insulated with
  batts of R-Value 2.0. This is for both thermal
  and acoustic befits.
• The wall height will be 2700mm above the floor.
  The suspended ceiling will sit just below the
  height of the walls.
• The materials required are
• Studs 70mm by 45mm (note wall are non load
  bearing)
• Noggins 70mm by 45
• Top and Bottom Plates 70mm by 45mm
• Plasterboard 13mm
• Insulation- Pink Bats

45
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets

• Suspended Ceiling
• The suspended Ceiling in hung from the exposed
  beam in the roof. Small metal clips are screwed
  into the beam. From these clips thin steel rods
  hang down to just below the wall height. Attached
  to the end of these rods are another style of
  small clips. Which then are attached to a series
  of metal clips.
• The clips are attached to the runners (aluminium
  supports for the ceiling tiles). These clips are
  factory designed to attach to the runners
  ensuring maximum support in the fixings.
• Around the walls right angle shaped runners are
  attached to the wall about 5cm below the top of
  the wall. The runners but in parallel to the
  runners on the wall. Again these ends factory
  design to clip together make the attaching strong
  and easy. The main runners are space 1200mm c/c
  apart.
• When all the runners are in place they are tied
  together by cross-tees. These are spaced at 600mm
  c/c apart. The ends f the cross-tees are factory
  designed to fit into slots in the runners
  ensuring a strong and easy connection.
• Once this grid system is in place the services
  can be installed. These services are the
  lighting, ventilation/ air-conditioning, smoke
  alarms and the sprinklers. These services met the
  office requirements (type 5) of the building code
  of Australia.
• The ceiling tiles are then installed and the
  appreciate modification are made for the
  services.
• Some of the tiles may need to be trimmed down
  shortened this is because of the size and the
  size of the tiles are not completely compatible.
  These tiles are made from plaster.

46
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and
Toilets-Suspended Ceiling
Runner
cross-tees
Source- http//www.popularmechanics.com
47
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets

• Alternatives (walls)
• An alternative to the timber frame walls of the
  Offices and Lunch Room could have been office
  partitions. they are constructed from steel
  panels and have a baked enamel finish. These were
  turn down because they did not have the thermal
  or acoustic properties a timber frame.

Source- http//www.lkgoodwin.com
48
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets

• Alternatives (Suspended Ceiling)
• A wood grid system is one option, however this is
  much to costly and does not really suite the
  rooms.
• Steel Ceilings are an other option these were
  turned down because of cost, also the thermal and
  acoustic properties are not quite as good as the
  standard suspended ceilings.

Source- http//www.woodgrid.com
Source-http//www.steelceilings.com/
49
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets

• Flooring
• Offices and Lunch Room-
• These rooms will have carpet flooring.
• This is because it has good acoustic and thermal
  properties. Also carpet has an good aesthetic
  quality to it.
• Basic Construction Process-
• Trackless strips are nailed down using concrete
  nails, then carpet padding is laid down and cut
  to size. The carpet is laid on top of this, the
  fixing at wall edges can be seen in the picture
  across the page. However this process would be
  done by a professional carpet layer
• Alternative
• Timber floor boards this was neglected mainly
  because of maintenance. Since the offices and
  lunchroom are in warehouse the floorboards would
  need to be sanded and polished quite regularly
  (where as carpet can just be vacuumed and steamed
  cleaned) making the flooring very costly. Also
  the installation of floorboards make it less
  attractive then carpet.

Source- http//houseandhome.msn.com/Improve/Laying
Carpet1010.aspx
50
Warehouse Offices/ Lunch Room and Toilets

• Toilet-
• Laminated Stone tile-tile size is 385mm by 385mm
• Glue-down Installations
• Alternative
• Ceramic tile- these were disregarded because of
  cost and the location of the toilets. Since the
  these toilets are in the warehouse it was
  perceived that tiles could be damaged.

Source- http//www.ebuild.com/guide/products
51
Warehouse shelving system

• This racking system is good for warehouses where
  it is necessary to keep a wide variety of
  articles in pallets.
• There is direct access to all stored pallets.
• Pallets can be handled with no need to move the
  others.
• Easy stock control as each place is a one-pallet
  position.
• Absolute load storage flexibility, both in terms
  of weight and volume.

Source http//usmecalux.com/en-US/prodPalletRack.j
sp
52
Warehouse shelving system

• Supplier MECALUX
• FRAMES
• Post dimensions U122
• A - 43/4".
• B - 211/16".
• g (GAUGE) 12
• Post spacing
• 84
• Frame capacity
• 39,380 (lbs)
• BEAMS
• Beam length
• 84
• Beam height
• 43/4"

53
Warehouse Lighting

• Hilux Highbay warehouse lighting
• Pros
• High level of performance
• Cheap
• Minimal glare
• Self venting cools globe down and prevents dusts
  build up
• Good horizontal illumination

Dimensions Lighting spaced at 7500mm
Warehouse lighting grid
Picture http//www.google.com.au/search?q"wareho
uselighting"ieUTF-8oeUTF-8hlenmetacrcoun
tryAU
54
ROLLERDOORS ON SITE

• Supplier STEEL LINE GARAGE DOORS the team that
  cares
• Type Industrial series B roller door
• Positives attribute
• robust high quality roller door
• manufactured from genuine BHP Colorbond
• suited to warehouses
• Dimensions
• Opening 5000mm high x 5000mm wide

55
FIRE EXITS for warehouse

• Requirements
• Fire exit doors must open outwards
• Any spot in warehouse must have 2 exit options,
  both within 20m.
• Fire hose reel must be with in 4m of fire exits
• Warehouse design
• 4 fire exits

56
FIREWALLS

• No firewalls were needed in the construction of
  the warehouse and showroom/offices.
• This was because in accordance with the
  Australian Standards, a two hour fire wall is
  needed if walls are constructed within 3m of a
  boundary or separate dwelling.

57
Security Office - Primary Framing

• The security office is attached to the front of
  the warehouse. Its dimensions are 6000x6000mm
  and its steel frame and cladding will be similar
  to that of the warehouses systems of framing and
  cladding.
• The columns will be 89x89x3mm SHS (square hollow
  sections). Caged bolts through the base plate and
  non shrink grout will hold the columns to the
  footings, the same footing system as used in the
  warehouse. The office columns will be spaced at
  2000c/c therefore 4 columns will be on either
  side of the office.
• Roofing beams will be 200UB22, joined at the
  ridge. They will connect to the columns by a web
  plate and two M20 bolts.
• C Sections 152mm deep, 64mm flange, will be used
  to support the roofing of the security office,
  these will sit perpendicular to the beams and
  will be spaced at 2000mm in line with
  AS1562.1-1992, AS4040.1-1992 and AS4040.1-1992

58
Primary Framing Joint- security Office

• Members
• C Sections 152mm deep, 64mm flange
• 200UB22
• Web Plate
• 89x89x3mm SHS
• M20 bolts

59
Security Office Wall Cladding

• The front of the office will have a double slide
  opening, 6mm Laminated glass in lightweight
  Aluminium sections.

60
Security Office - Roofing

• LYSAGHT LONGLINE 305 flat-pan, concealed-fixed
  roofing, like the warehouse, will be the roofing
  for the security office. Its spans, spacing,
  strength, protective coating and the like, are
  all the same as the warehouse.

61
Security office framing roof and guttering

• The guttering used for the office will be D/
  Quad gutter.
• This type of guttering, like the roof cladding,
  is manufactured by blue scope steel. This means
  the gutters are compatible with steel roofing and
  come in a full range of matching colors.
• The office will have two rectangular down pipes,
  one at each end of the 6m sides.
• The down pipes will be 100x50mm and made of
  acrylic paint coated aluminium, 0.55mm thick.

A 65 mm (nominal)B 90 mm (nominal)C 115
mm (nominal)
Source-http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au
62
Showroom

• The Showroom is a two storey structure, free
  standing off the Warehouse. Its primary use as a
  building is devoted to the management and
  presentation of goods for the company.
• The building consists of
• Ground Floor
• Reception
• Open plan Showroom
• Toilets
• Connecting Lift
• Stairwell
• First Floor
• Board Room
• Open plan offices
• Toilets
• Lounge

63
Showroom Plan View
Ground Floor
First Floor
20m
20m
20m
30m
Toilets
Fire Escape
64
Showroom Foundations

• The slab for the showroom will be a stiffened
  (reinforced) raft slab with pad footing under the
  stanchions/ columns.
• This is because the site will be excavated, so a
  slab can be used. This will make the access to
  the easier (in terms of steps or ramps). The slab
  provides a good working platform for the rest of
  the construction process. The slab is low
  maintenance and is robust and difficult to
  damage. It also has low long term movement which
  works well for the class M soil of the site.
• Both the slab and the pad footings have been
  reinforced using steel rods. This reinforcement
  is 3-11 TM (trench mesh) with a slab fabric above
  it.
• Alternative
• Pad footing on there own could not have been used
  since the brickwork (cladding) need sit on strip
  footing.
• A raft slab could have been used on its own,
  however since of the connection of the stanches/
  columns ( the depth of the bolts) to the slab
  would have had to be extremely thick all over.
• (Actual foundations used)
• So as to not wast material the actual foundations
  used are a normal sized raft slab (150mm thick
  with trenches 400mm deep and 300mm by 300mm) with
  pad footing under the raft slab where the
  stanches/ columns connect with the slab depth of
  the slab does not need to be excessively thick
  all over.

65
Showroom Primary Structure

• The Showroom, like the Warehouse will be of steel
  frame construction.
• 410UB54 Beams spaced at 6000mm will be used for
  the main roof structure, and the sub floor
  structure of the first floor.
• These members were the minimum size required for
  holding the dead and live loads for the areas,
  and thus reducing the cost of the overall
  construction by not using oversized beams in the
  structure.
• 80x80x13mm thick sheer stiffener plates top and
  bottom with butt welded ends. 6CFW to web on both
  sides of the column.
• 16mm thick base plate. 6CFW.
• Pre drilled holes for bolting
• Brace to support roofing beams to sit on.
• The columns of the Showroom will be 410UC54 and
  spaced at 6000mm to be in line with the Universal
  Beams in the roof.

66
Showroom Connections

• At the top and bottom of the flange plates 4 x
  M20 8.8/TF bolts will be used for the ridge
  connection. The Ridge connection is a flexible
  connection which gives simple support to members.
  This method of connection is much cheaper as
  welding costs reduces due to members being bolted
  together on site, raised into place by a crane
  and bolted into place.
• Knee Joint 4 x M30 8.8/TF bolts at the top and
  bottom of the flange plates, and butt welded to
  form a rigid connection.
• This combines beam and column into one structural
  entity
• This gives a higher restraint to beam rotation.
• The Column connection to the footing will be held
  through the Base Plate and Non Shrink grout with
  4 x M16 caged Bolts embedded 200mm deep into
  footing.

67
Showroom Bracing

• 18mm diameter rods for cross bracing.
• Fixed to columns via 90 x 90 x 10mm angles

68
Showroom Secondary Structure

• For the Walls of the Showroom, considering the
  outer structure of the showroom is brick veneer,
  we are using Z sections, 102mm deep, 53mm broad
  flange, 49mm narrow flange, 15mm lip depth, and
  1.9mm BMT. This has a section mass of 3.23kg/m,
  according to Stramit Girts and Purlins table.
• The Girts will span 6000mm, from showroom column
  to column. And will be spaced in accordance with
  the spaning capabilities of the cladding.

69
Showroom Roofing

• The showroom roofing will be the same as the
  warehouse roofing to maintain looks consistent
  through the buildings.

70
Showroom/Offices cladding

• BRICK VENEER
• The cladding for the showroom/offices is brick
  veneer. This was chosen because of the aesthetic
  values which bricks bring to a building. As this
  building represents the company it is important
  to make it stand out.
• A Hawthorn wirecut brick supplied by Austral
  Bricks will be used.
• BRICK SPECIFICATIONS
• Dimensions
• 290 x 110 x 76mm
• Compressive strength gt30MPa
• Breaking Load gt4kN
• SUB FLOOR VENTILATION
• Regulations ask that we provide 7300mm² per metre
  of wall length

• WALL TIES
• Brick ties will be installed in accordance with
  AS 3700 SAA Masonry Code.
• FLASHING
• The flashing material will extend from the bottom
  of the wall panel into the cavity and then be
  built in to the brick work.

Steel framing brick ties
Pictures http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au/index.c
fm/objectID.C6764D08-6DB3-11D4-989F00508BA5461F
71
Showroom Cladding

• The cladding of the showroom will be made up of
  two parts.
• The red outline of the showroom to the right
  shows the brickwork cladding to the exterior of
  the building.
• The Blue outline round the showroom shows the
  walls that will consist of glass. This will be
  6mm Laminated toughened in Lightweight Aluminium
  Sections.

72
Office Construction Showroom

• As the basic layout of out showroom is an area
  without any intermittent columns, (the roofing
  beams span the whole width), this means that
  there are no internal load bearing walls.
• Therefore 70 x 45mm studs spaced at 600 centres
  are all thats required. The only loads
  supported is the dead loads of the plasterboard,
  lighting, ventilation, and services.
• Simple timber framing is used, and 13mm
  plasterboard is glued and nailed to this.
• The timber walls also allow for the required
  services to be delivered to each office.
• The Showroom will have Pink Batts of R-Value
  2.0 in the walls and Pink Batts of R-Value 3.5
  in the roof.

73
Office Construction Showroom

• A suspended ceiling has been constructed
  throughout all the office areas. For this, a
  grid and tile system has been used, with
  aluminium cross brackets holding up foam tiles.
• The benefit of having suspended ceilings in an
  office is that it provides thermal and acoustic
  insulation, and also allows for future electrical
  modifications to be made. E.g. Extra internet
  cables.
• The offices have been constructed after the
  subfloor and initial structure has been
  completed.

Source-http//www.steelceilings.com/
Source- http//www.woodgrid.com
74
Showroom flooring

• Ground Floor
• The grown floor of the showroom will be a
  display/ showroom area, showing the companys
  products. Since this area is a represents the
  company (i.e. the company image) we will use
  timber floorboards. This provide the room with a
  classy finish.
• The floorboards sit on 70mm by 35mm F17 seasoned
  hardwood joist that are spaced at 450mm c/c.
  These sit on bearers 20mm by 45mm which then sit/
  are connected to the slab.
• Upper Floor
• The upper floor will also be floorboards for
  similar reason. For the client may need to
  present a classy image of the company.
• The second story is support by 410UB54 steel
  beams that are connected to the portal frame by
  brackets. 150UB14 steel beams run parrel to the
  to the 410UB54 steel beams acting as support for
  the bearers. These 150UB14 beams are spaced at
  1200mm c/c. The bearers will sit on these 150UB14
  beams. They bearers are 2/90 by 45 f17 seasoned
  hardwood, spaning 1200mm and are spaced 1400c/c.
  On these bearers F17 70mm by 35mm floor joist
  sit. They are spaced at 450c/c. Then on these
  floor joist the floorboards are lied down. Secret
  nails will be used nail the floorboards down.
  This is to add to the executive look required.
• Alternatives
• When deciding the finishes required for the floor
  carpet was one option considered. This was
  because it posses good thermal and acoustic
  properties. There is also a cost benefit with
  carpet flooring. Although a carpet flooring does
  not really have the aesthetic look the client
  desires.

75
Showroom flooring

• Supplier BIG RIVER TIMBER FLOORS
• DIMENSIONS
• Plank lenghts 2.4m
• Width 130mm
• Thickness 14mm
• TIMBER SPECIES
• Flooded gum (average density 750kg/m³)
• The allowable point live load (working stress) of
  Flooded Gum at a thickness of 14mm a stress grade
  of F27 and a span of 450mm is 3.7kn. This meets
  the floor live loading requirements of AS1170.1

• APPLICATION
• Floor boards will be joined centrally over the
  floor joists. The butt joints will be staggered
  to produce a random appearance across the floor.
• Fixing requirements
• Nail type Machine driven 50 x 2.5mm brad
• Two nails to be used at each joist
• Minimum edge distance for nailing of 10-12mm
• Nails to be punched 2-3mm below board surface

76
Showroom Staircase

• 6CFW to 6mm brackets.
• Solid timber treads bolted to the brackets.
• 12mm thick base and end plates.
• 2 x M12 chemset anchors to slab
• Min 25mm of non-shrink grout under plate

77
Wheelchair porch lift

• A wheelchair porch lift will be installed in the
  showroom/office building so the offices and
  conference room on the second floor can be
  accessed by wheelchairs.
• The lift will be situated close to the main
  entrance for convenience.

Drawing not to scale
Picture http//www.acessinc.com/wheelchair_porch_
lifts.htm

• Supplier TRUS-T-LIFT
• Deck dimensions-
• Length 1372mm
• Width 864mm
• Total width of lift 1219mm
• Tower dimensions-
• Tower height3607mm
• Total travel 3048mm

Porch lift location
First Floor
Ground Floor
78
Disabled Toilet

• The disabled toilet is located on the ground
  floor of the showroom to allow for easy access.
  The male and female toilets are both suited for
  disabled and non-disabled patrons.
• Toilets on first floor are located directly above
  the ground floor toilets to minimise plumbing
  costs.
• The toilet room is 4m² to allow for a wheel chair
  to adequately move.
• The door way is 0.960m wide to allow for
  wheelchair access.
• There are two toilets on the first floor, keeping
  in accordance with Australian Standards of one
  toilet for every 20 staff.
• A DALCO type 18201 hand rail has been installed
  to give wheelchair patients extra mobility as
  well as providing a firm support when using
  fixture.
• The hand basin is installed at a height of
  0.800m.

79
PARKING REQUIREMENTS

• 1.5 car spaces needed for every 100m² of floor
  space
• 1 disabled car space for every 100 normal car
  spaces
• Normal car park dimensions 2.6m x 4.9-5.4m
• Disabled car park dimension 3.2m x 4.9-5.4m

80
PARKING ON SITE

• Floor space area on site 2600m²
• 39 standard car spaces
• 2 disabled car space

81
References

• Block C Notes
• Building Code of Australia
• Construction and Structures 2 Lecture Notes,
  Jeremy J. Hamm, 2003
• Pocket Span Table Book, Timber Promotion
  Council, 2003
• Steel Line Garage Doors, 2004 Catalogue
• Stramit 2002 Price and service Guide 2002
• www.bigrivertimbers.com.au
• http//www.bluescopesteel.com.au
• http//www.thomasarmstrong.com.uk
• http//www.workcover.vic.gov.au/vwa/home.nsf/pages
  /so_construction_attach2/File/Panel_Collapse.pdf
• http//www.popularmechanics.com
• http//www.lkgoodwin.com
• http//www.woodgrid.com
• http//www.steelceilings.com/
• http//usmecalux.com/en-US/prodPalletRack.jsp
• http//houseandhome.msn.com/Improve/LayingCarpet10
  10.aspx
• http//www.ebuild.com/guide/products
• http//www.acessinc.com/wheelchair_porch_lifts.htm