Third Edition Understanding Terrorism Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues

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Third EditionUnderstanding TerrorismChallenges,
Perspectives, and Issues
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Part III

• The Terrorist Trade

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Chapter 10

• Tools of the Trade
• Tactics and Targets of Terrorists

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Terrorist Objectives

• Objectives, Victims, and Constituencies
• The New Terrorism and New Objectives

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Terrorist Objectives(continued)

• Objectives, Victims, and Constituencies
• Typical objectives
• Changing the existing order.
• Psychological disruption.
• Social disruption.
• Publicizing the Cause
• Creating a revolutionary environment.
• Victims and constituencies
• Politically apathetic people.
• Government and its allies.
• Potential supporters.
• Confirmed supporters.

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Terrorist Objectives(continued)

• The New Terrorism and New Objectives
• Weapons of mass destruction and objectives.
• Attracting attention.
• Pleasing God.
• Damaging economies.
• Influencing enemies.
• Cases
• The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord.
• Ramzi Yousef.
• Aum Shinrikyo.

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Constituencies and Enemies
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Terrorist Methods

• Asymmetrical Warfare
• Unconventional, unexpected, and unpredictable
  methods.
• Netwar.
• Chain networks.
• Star, hub, or wheel neworks.
• All-channel networks.
• Case The martyr nation as an asymmetrical
  strategy

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Terrorist Methods(continued)

• Common Methods
• Recurrent tactics and weapons
• Bombings.
• Sidearms.
• Kidnappings.
• Hijackings.
• Signature methods.
• Case Kneecapping.

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Terrorist Methods(continued)

• Weapons Old and New
• Firearms.
• Explosives.
• Triggers.
• Types of bombs.
• Weapons of mass destruction (WMD).
• Case The suicide bombers.

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Types of Terrorist Events in the U.S. 1980-2001
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Terrorist Targets

• The Symbolism of Targets
• Armed propaganda.
• Types of symbols
• Embassies and diplomatic personnel.
• International symbols.
• Symbolic buildings and sites.
• Symbolic people.
• Passenger carriers.

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Is Terrorism Effective?

• Media and Political Attention
• Impact on an Audience
• Forcing Concessions
• Disruption of Normal Routines
• Provoking the State to Overreact
• Case The King David Hotel Bombing

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Measures of Effectiveness