Lecture Part I: Christology

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Lecture Part I Christology

• Jintae Kim, PhD
• Alliance Theological Seminary
• Nyack, NY 10960
• [phone]
• E-mail Jintae.kim_at_nyack.edu
• Website http//all4jesus.net

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Trinitarian Unity in Salvation
Person Ministry
God the Father Creation and Providence (??? ??)
God the Son Redemption (????)
God the Holy Spirit Application of the Redemptive Work (????? ??)
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Divine Self-consciousness of Jesus

• 1. Problem Not explicit or overt claim, but
  implicit Claims
• 2. The Son of man passages The Son of man and
  his angels (Matt1341) Authority to forgive sins
  (Mark 25-7) Final judge (Matt 2531-33
  2663-64) The Lord of Sabbath (Mark 227-28)
• 3. The Son of God passages (John 518, 21 197
  2031)
• 4. Unity with God (John 1030 149 2028-29

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Other Evidences for Jesus Deity

• 1. John (11)
• 2. Hebrews (13, 8, 10 cf. Ps 456 10225-27)
• 3. Paul (Col 115-16 29 2 Tim 41 Phil 26)
• 4. The Term Lord (Acts 22-21 2 Pet 315 cf.
  Matt 120 938 1125 Acts 1724 Rev 411)
• 5. Resurrection

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Implication of the Deity of Christ (Erickson, 213)

• We can have a real knowledge of God.
• Redemption is available to us.
• God and humanity have been reunited.
• Worship of Christ is appropriate.

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Biblical Evidence of Humanity of Christ

• 1. Physical human nature (Luke 252 Matt 42
  John 42, 6 1934). ??? ??.
• 2. Psychological human nature (John 1133-35
  1323 1511 1713 Matt 2637 Mark 35 1014
  Luke 79 Mark 66 1534) ??? ??.

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3 Views on the Meaning of Virgin Birth (Erickson,
228-30)
Approach from Content
Incarnation (???) Indispensable to the incarnation.
Redemption (????) Indispensable to the sinlessness of Jesus.
Divinity of Christ (??) Not necessary for Christ to be God, but it was necessary epistemologically in order for us to know that he is God.
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3 Views on the Meaning of Virgin Birth (Erickson,
228-30)
Approach from Content
Incarnation (???) ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????.
Redemption (????) ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??.
Divinity of Christ (??) ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ??.
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Implication of Humanity of Jesus (Erickson,
231-32)

• 1. The atoning death of Jesus can truly avail for
  us.
• 2. Jesus can truly sympathize with and intercede
  for us (Heb 415).
• 3. Jesus manifests the true nature of humanity.
• 4. Jesus can be our example.
• 5. Human nature is good.
• 6. God is not totally transcendent. He is not so
  far removed from the human race.

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Biblical Evidence for the Unity of the Person of
Christ
Category Content Scripture
Person Always refers to one entity John 114 Gal 44 1Tim 316
Ministry Of One Person 1John 21-2 415 55 Col 113 John 313 662
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Hypostatic Union

• The doctrine of the hypostatic union, first set
  forth officially in the definition of faith
  produced by the Council of Chalcedon (451),
  concerns the union of the two natures of deity
  and humanity in the one hypostasis or person of
  Jesus Christ. In the incarnation of the Son of
  God, a human nature was inseparably united
  forever with the divine nature in the one person
  of Jesus Christ, yet with the two natures
  remaining distinct, wholly, and unchanged,
  without mixture or confusion so that the one
  person, Jesus Christ, is truly God and truly man.

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Basic Tenets of the Doctrine of Two Natures in
One Person (Erickson, 237-40)

• 1. The incarnation was more a gaining of human
  attributes than a giving up of divine attributes.
  ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?????.
• 2. The union of the two natures meant that they
  did not function independently. ??? ??? ????? ??
  ? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???.

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• 3. The humanity of Christ is a true humanity that
  we must have had. Christ is the true human, while
  we are of depraved human. ???? ??? ??? ???? ??
  ??? ????.
• 4. The incarnation was not an impossible task
  because it was initiated by God. ???? ???????
  ???? ??? ???.
• 5. It is also helpful to think of Jesus as a very
  complex person. ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??.

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The Stages of Christs Work

• 1. Humiliation ????
• Incarnation (John 114 Phil 26-8 Gal
  44)
• ? Death ?Descent into Hades (Ps 1610 Eph
  48-10 1Tim 316 1Pet 318-19 44-6)
• 2. Exaltation ????
• Resurrection ?Ascension and Session at the
  Right Hand of the Father (John 662 142 165,
  10, 28 2017 Luke 2450-51 Acts 16-11 Eph
  120 48-10 1Tim 316 Heb 13 414 924)
• ? Second Coming.

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The Functions of Christ (Calvin)

• 1. The Revelatory (Prophetic) Role of Christ ????
  ???? ???? ?? (Matt 1352 2111, 46 Luke 2419
  John 18 614 740 149 Acts 322 cf. Deut
  1815).
• 2. The Kingly Role of Christ ??? ???? (Heb 18
  John 13 Col 117, 18 cf. Isa 97)
• 3. The Reconciling (Priestly) Work of Christ
  ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? Atonement and
  Intercession.

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Views on the Atonement
Theory Content
Socinian Theory Example denied vicarious satisfaction (cf. 1Pet 221).
Moral Influence Theory Demonstration of Gods Love denied for necessity of atoning sacrifice Peter Abelard Horace Bushnell.
Governmental Theory Demonstration of Divine Justice Hugo Grotius.
Ransom Theory Victory over the Forces of Sin and Evil (1Cor 620 Matt 2028) Origen, Irenaeus, Gregory of Nissa, Augustine.
Satisfaction Theory Compensation to the Father Anselm
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Background Factors of Atonement (Erickson, 257-58)

• 1. Divine nature Perfect and holy ???? ??
• 2. Legal status Sin ? Death ?? ?? ??
• Human condition Total depravity or inability ???
  ?? ??
• 3. Christ as God-man (Gal 44-5)
• 4. ?? The OT Sacrificial System (Lev 14 Isa
  536) ??? ????.

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• Such passages as Hebrews 11-3 29-18 99-14
  22-28 teach very plainly that the efficacy of
  Christ work is contingent upon the unique
  constitution of Christ person. It is this
  consideration that gives such strength to the
  necessity, spoken of in 923, to the effect that
  while the patterns of things in the heavenlies
  should be purified with the blood of goats and
  calves, the heavenly things themselves should be
  purified by the blood of none other than the Son.

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• In other words, there is stated to be a necessity
  that can be met by nothing less than the blood of
  Jesus. But the blood of Jesus is blood that has
  the requisite efficacy and virtue only by reason
  of the fact that he who is the Son, the
  effulgency of the Fathers glory and the express
  image of his substance, became himself also
  partaker of flesh and blood and thus was able by
  one sacrifice to perfect all those who are
  sanctified (Murrary 1955 14).

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NT Teachings on Atonement

• Gospels (John 129 317 Luke 2237 Matt 1621
  2028)
• Pauline (Rom 325 59 Eph 17 Col 120)

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Basic Meaning of Atonement (261-63)
Meaning Explanation Scripture
Sacrifice Atoning sacrifice Heb 911-12, 28
Propitiation Appease the wrath of God- Angry God? Rom 118 415 59 Eph 23-5 1Thes 110
Substitution Christ died for our sins. Gal 313 1Pet 224 1Tim 26 cf. Isa 536
Reconcilia-tion Ended the enmity between God and man. Rom 1115 325 510-11
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Basic Meaning of Atonement
Meaning Explanation Scripture
Sacrifice ???? Heb 911-12, 28
Propitiation ???? ??? ??- Angry God? Rom 118 415 59 Eph 23-5 1Thes 110
Substitution ??. ??? ?? ?????? ???. Gal 313 1Pet 224 1Tim 26 cf. Isa 536
Reconcilia-tion ????? ??? ??? ?. Rom 1115 325 510-11
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Objections to the Penal Substitution Theory
(Erickson, 263-64)

• 1. To the concept of the necessity of atonement
  Why doesnt God simply forgive man? ? ???? ???
  ?????
• 2. To the concept of substitution Is it fair?
  ????? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????
• 3. To the concept of propitiation How can the
  loving God be angry? ??? ???? ??? ????
• 4. To the concept of imputation of Christs
  righteousness ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ???? ?? ???.

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Implication of Substitutionary Atonement
(Erickson, 264-65)

• 1. It confirms the biblical teaching of the total
  depravity of all humans. ??? ????? ????? ??? ???
  ? ??.
• 2. Gods nature is not one-sided, nor is there
  any tension between its different aspects. He is
  not only righteous and holy, but also loving and
  merciful. ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????. ? ?
  ???? ??? ???? ???.

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• 3. There is no other way of salvation but by
  grace. ??? ?? ???? ???.
• 4. There is security for the believer in ones
  relationship to God. Christs sacrificial death
  is complete and permanent. ???? ??? ??? ? ??? ??
  ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ??.
• 5. We must never take lightly the salvation we
  have. Although it is free, it is also costly. God
  sacrificed Himself. ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????
  ??? ??? ?? ??????. ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ? ??.