Unit 5: Feed Regulations and Additives

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Chapters 5 6

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Unit 5 Objectives
• Understand basic feed regulations
• Knowledge of feed tags and what must be and can
  be included on them
• Identify various types of feed additives and
  their purposes
• How implants are used and their roles

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• General Feed Industry information
• 300m tons manufactured each yr. in the U.S.
• Various forms
• Either in the feed mill, or on farms
• 10,000 feed mills in the U.S.
• 30,000 feed outlets
• 20,000 sell feed
• Bag
• Bulk
• Feed products
• Must register w/ the FDA if they mix feed w/ drugs

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Types of Commercial Feeds their Ingredients
• Dry Commercial Feeds
• Prepared for a particular class of livestock
• Supplements blended
• Vegetable proteins
• Animal proteins
• Urea (ruminants only)
• Specialty products may be included
• Antibiotics
• Growth stimulants
• Flavoring agents
• Etc.

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Physical Forms
• Meal
• Cake
• Pellets
• Crumbles
• Wafers
• Blocks
• Etc.
• Liquid Protein Supplements
• Generally contain some amount of molasses as the
  main liquid portion
• Can be blended or feed separate

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Feed Labeling
• Required for all commercial feed products
• Primary communication between manufacturer and
  purchaser
• Critical information
• Identify product
• Nature of the product intended use
• Usage instructions
• Cautionary information

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Feed Labels (medicated nonmedicated)
• Net wt.
• Company name, trade name
• Product name
• Purpose of medication
• Warning statement
• Withdrawal periods
• Other warnings
• Active Ingredients

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Guaranteed Analysis
• Minimum CP
• from NPN
• Minimum Crude Fat
• Maximum Crude Fiber
• Minerals (only main ones)
• Vitamins (optional)
• Company Name Address
• Detailed Use instructions
• Purpose
• When to feed
• How to feed or mix
• Precautions

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• General Feed Additive information
• Doesnt include any min/vit supplements
• Must be approved for use by FDA
• Withdrawal times may be necessary
• Instructions must be followed carefully
• gt1000 products are approved for use
• What are some of their roles?

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• What are some of the risks when using these
  products?
• Who is responsible for residues?
• Growth Promotion and Feed Efficiency
• Antibiotics
• Can be bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal
• Generally fed to reduce, prevent bacterial
  infections
• Usually found to improve rate of gain and feed
  efficiency

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Examples
• Cholortetratcycline
• Oxytetracycline
• Monensin
• Lasalocid
• What are the trade names of these products?
• Chemotherapeutics
• Organic or inorganic compound that inhibits
  organism growth
• Improves feed efficiency and rate of gain
• Examples
• Arsanilic Acid
• Carbadox

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Medicinal Uses
• Coccidiostats
• Fed for the prevention of coccidiosis
• What is coccidiosis
• Examples
• Decoquinate
• Lasalocid
• Monensin

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Enteritis, Diarrhea, Dysentery
• Chlorotetracycline
• Carbadox
• Tylosin
• Anthelmintics
• Prevention/treatments of gastrointestinal
  parasites
• Examples
• Safe-Guard
• Ivomec
• Rumatel

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Miscellaneous Functions
• Control of Liver Abscesses in feedlot cattle
• Chlorotet.
• Oxytet.
• Tylosin
• Fly control in manure
• Rabon
• Bloat control
• Oxytet.
• Poloxalene
• Ketosis
• Propylene Glycol

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Foot Rot General Stress
• Chlorotet.
• Oxytet.
• Other Feed Additives
• Buffers Neutralizers
• Compounds that minimize pH decreases
• Sodium bicarbonate
• Calcium carbonate
• Mag oxide

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Antioxidants
• Prevent rancidity of fats
• Vit E
• Chemical preservatives
• Retain nutritive factors
• Prevent product deterioration
• Most are acids, salts, etc.
• What are some ex.?
• Pellet-Binding agents
• Bentonite
• Clays
• molasses

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Probiotics
• Consist of microbial cultures
• Can stimulate cultural growth
• Reasons for use
• Increase/balance beneficial bacteria
• Reduce toxic byproducts of digestion
• Support rate of gain and feed efficiency
• Alleviate/minimize stress
• Various times for use
• When do you use them?
• Available forms
• Feed additives
• Water dispensing
• Bolus/gel form

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Hormone products
• Activate or inhibit hormone functions
• Produce same responses as natural hormones
• Feed Additives
• Melengestrol Acetate (MGA)
• Closely related to progesterone
• Fed to finishing heifers to prevent estrus
• Stimulates growth, improves feed efficiency

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Implants for Growth Stimulation
• Designed for slow release
• Growth promotion, feed efficiency
• Products
• Ralgro
• Use in calves, growing cattle, feedlots animals
• 70-110d response
• Cattle should be reimplanted every 65-100d for
  maximum
• Magnum
• Double dose of Ralgro
• Best in initial 70-90d on feed

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Synovex or Implus
• Different forms for different cattle
• Stimulates muscle deposition
• Increases growth hormone secretion
• Revalor
• Claims to improve gain 15-20
• Improves feed efficiency 15
• Duration of response 100d
• May reduce marbling

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Implant for Milk Stimulation
• bST
• Produced naturally in the cow
• Major regulator of milk production
• Must be administered via injection
• 14d intervals
• 2-3d response
• 8-10 lb increase in production
• No change in milk composition
• Will increase DMI
• Disadvantages
• Slight decrease in pregnancy rate
• Slight increase in twinning rate

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Unit 5 Feed Regulations and Additives

• Unit 5 Assignment
• Identify 4 feed additives each for beef, dairy,
  and swine, and 1 each for horses and sheep
• Trade name
• Drug
• Control claims
• Bring 1 article pertaining to feed additive use
  is feed rations
• Write ½ page response, summary