Introduction to Woods

1
Introduction to Woods

• Composition and Basic Structure of Wood
• Classifications of Woods
• Behavior and Properties of Woods

2
Composition of Wood
3
Wood Terminology
4
Classification of Woods
5
Hardwoods
6
Hardwood Species

• Oak
• Ash
• Elm
• Maple
• Walnut
• Aspen
• All Deciduous Species

7
Softwoods
8
Softwood Species

• Pine
• Spruce
• Cedar
• Redwood
• Fir
• Hemlock
• All Conifers

9
Micro Structure of Wood Cells
10
Cell Structures
11
Close up of Vessel Cell
12
Wood Behavior
13
Factors Affecting Behavior
14
Advantages of Wood
15
Disadvantages of Woods
16
Mechanical Properties of Wood
17
Variability of Wood Properties
18
Mechanical Properties
19
Stresses Applied to Wood
20
Tension Parallel to the Grain
21
Compression Parallel to the Grain
22
Stress Strain Relationship
23
Tension Perpendicular to the Grain
24
Compression Perpendicular to the Grain
25
Flexure
26
Shrinkage Swelling
27
Shrinkage Swelling
28
Wood Is a Renewable Resource
29
Stress Grading
30
Grading Lumber
31
Stress Grading
32
Visual Grading
33
Machine Grading
34
Grading Organizations
35
Grading Label
36
Grading Lumber
37
Graded Lumber, Stud
38
Grade Types