Green

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Presented by
Green Procurement Using buying power to
influence change Canadian Public
Purchasing Council October 1, 2007
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Agenda

• Association introduction
• Why buy green? Environmental Impacts
• Green procurement definitions and examples
• Certification programs and product examples
• Paper case study
• How to develop a green procurement policy
• Policy wording and examples
• City of Calgary case study
• Closing remarks

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Clean Calgary Association

• Empowers Calgarians to create healthy homes and
  communities by providing environmental education,
  products and services
• Non-profit urban environmental organization
• Strategic Focus
• Waste Reduction
• Water Conservation

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Calgary Materials Exchange

• Empowering companies to reduce, reuse and recycle
  operational waste
• Divert waste from landfill
• By-products from one company become a resource to
  another company
• Personalized one-on-one service, with support and
  follow up.

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Recycling Council of Alberta

• To promote and facilitate waste reduction,
• recycling, and resource conservation in the
• Province of Alberta.
• The RCA acts as an interface for information and
  dialogue between industries, governments,
  environmental groups, and consumers.

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Why Buy Green?

• To protect our air, water and soil for which we
  depend
• To conserve natural resources for future
  generations
• To reduce risks to our health
• To close the recycling loop
• Because it is easy and widely available.

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Environmental Impact
The Boreal covers 35 of Canada.

• Source Canadian Songbird Initiative

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Source ICF Consulting, Sep-2005
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Net GHG Emissions from Source Reduction and MSW
Management Options (tonnes eCO2/tonne)
Material Source Reduction Recycling/ Composting Anaerobic Digestion Thermal Treatment Landfill
Newspaper (3.81) (2.81) (0.49) (0.05) (1.22)
Fine Paper (5.93) (3.33) (0.34) (0.04) 1.18
Cardboard (5.22) (3.34) (0.32) (0.04) 0.29
Aluminum Cans (4.55) (6.49) 0.01 0.01 0.01
Steel (1.95) (1.15) 0.01 (0.99) 0.01
Glass (0.40) (0.10) 0.01 0.01 0.01
HDPE (2.74) (2.27) 0.01 2.85 0.01
PET (3.50) (3.63) 0.01 2.13 0.01
Computers NA (1.59) 0.01 0.41 0.01
Food Waste NA (0.24) (0.10) 0.02 0.80
Yard Waste NA (0.24) (0.15) 0.01 (0.33)
Source ICF Consulting, Sep-2005
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Definitions and Examples
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Government of Alberta

• Pollution Prevention Resource Conservation
  Policy being developed
• measures to ensure pollution prevention,
  conservation of resources, and green procurement
  (Alberta Environment, 2006)
• over 2.5 billion spent by the GOA on supplies
  and services (2003)
• Adoption of LEED Silver as a green standard for
  the construction of new buildings
• Purchase of 90 green power for government owned
  buildings
• Development of an EcoLogo Certified office area

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Public Works and Government Services Canada

• Environmentally preferable goods and services
  are those that have a lesser or reduced impact on
  the environment over the life cycle of the good
  or service, when compared with competing goods or
  services serving the same purpose. Environmental
  performance considerations include, among other
  things the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
  and air contaminants improved energy and water
  efficiency reduced waste and support reuse and
  recycling the use of renewable resources
  reduced hazardous waste and reduced toxic and
  hazardous substances.

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Alberta Environment

• Environmentally preferred products and services
  means those products and services that
  specifically minimize negative impacts on human
  health and the environment. Environmentally
  preferred products and services are identified as
  those that are certified by the Government of
  Canadas Environmental Choice Program
  (Eco-Logo), Energy Star, and Green Leaf
  Eco-Rating Program for Hotels programs, or other
  generally accepted green rating programs.

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Government of Manitoba

• Environmentally Preferable Products
• Means goods and materials that have a less
  adverse impact on human health and the
  environment when compared with competing goods
  and materials. This comparison shall consider
  raw materials acquisition, production,
  manufacturing, packaging, distribution, re-use,
  operation, maintenance, and waste management of
  the good or material.

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City of Halifax

• Guiding Principles
• (h) to Procure necessary goods and services with
  due regard to the preservation of the natural
  environment and to encourage suppliers to supply
  goods with recycled materials where practical.

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City of Richmond

• that are more responsible to the environment in
  the way they are made, used, transported, stored
  and packaged and disposed of.

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City of Toronto

• That in order to increase the development and
  awareness of environmentally sound purchasing,
  acquisitions of goods and services will ensure
  that wherever possible specifications are amended
  to provide for the expanded use of
  environmentally preferred products such as
  durable products, reusable products, energy
  efficient products, low pollution products,
  products (including those used in services) that
  contain the maximum level of post-consumer waste
  and/or recyclable content, and products that
  provide minimal impact to the environment.

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City of Toronto cont..

• An environmentally preferred product is one that
  is less harmful to the environment than the next
  best alternative having characteristics
  including, but not limited to the following
• Reduce waste and make efficient use of resources
  an Environmentally Preferred Product (EPP) would
  be a product that is more energy, fuel, or water
  efficient, or that uses less paper, ink, or other
  resources. For example, energy efficient
  lighting, and photocopiers capable of
  double-sided photocopying.
• Are reusable or contain reusable parts these are
  products such as rechargeable batteries, reusable
  building partitions, and laser printers with
  refillable toner cartridges.
• Are recyclable a product will be considered to
  be an EPP if local facilities exist capable of
  recycling the product at the end of its useful
  life.
• Contain recycled materials an EPP contains
  post-consumer recycled content. An example is
  paper products made from recycled post-consumer
  fibre.
• Produce fewer polluting by-products and/or safety
  hazards during manufacture, use of disposal an
  EPP product would be a non-hazardous product that
  replaces a hazardous product.
• Have a long service-life and/or can be
  economically and effectively repaired or
  upgraded.

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Town of Banff

• Green Procurement means purchasing products or
  services, which minimize, or provide favourable
  environmental impacts. Green Procurement involves
  considering the costs and environmental
  consequences of a product in all stages of its
  life cycle.

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Certification Programs
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Product Examples
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Product Examples
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Product Examples
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Paper Case Study

• A public sector purchasing group
• Purchase approximately 200,000,000 sheets or
  400,000 reams of paper per year
• Paper calculator
• http//www.environmentaldefense.org/papercalculato
  r/
• Comparison of current virgin paper to 30
  recycled content and 100 recycled content

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Paper Comparison- 200 million sheets of paper per
year
Virgin Paper 30 Post Consumer Recycled 30 Post Consumer Recycled 100 Post Consumer Recycled 100 Post Consumer Recycled
Virgin Paper Difference Environmental Impact Difference Environmental Impact
Wood Use 3,640 Tons 1,092 Tons 7,560 trees saved 3,640 Tons 25,200 trees saved
Total Energy 40,282 million BTUs 5,263 million BTUs 58 homes/year 17,542 million BTUs 193 homes/year
Green-house Gases 5,974,706 lbs CO2 equiv. 660,047lbs CO2 equiv. 60 cars/year 2,213,489 lbs CO2 equiv. 201 cars/year
Waste-Water 20,028,956 gallons 2,756,312 gallons 4 swimming pools or 2 million toilet flushes 9,187,706 gallons 14 swimming pools or 7 million toilet flushes
Solid Waste 2,392,267 pounds 353,949 pounds 13 garbage trucks 1,179,830 pounds 42 garbage trucks
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Benefits and Obstacles to Green Procurement
Benefits Obstacles
Ethical environmental responsibility Cost
Easier compliance with environmental regulations, and professional standards Lack of commitment from management and corporation
Compliance with Industry guiding principles and codes of practice Lack of knowledge and education
Improved image Unclear criteria from purchaser and specifications
Improved employee health Unclear specifications from vendor
Adhering to customer and consumer preferences Overcoming purchasing habits Decentralized purchasing
Conserving energy, water, fuel and other resources Availability of green products and services
Cost avoidance through the minimization of waste management fees, hazardous management spending Inaccurate perceptions
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How to Develop a Green Procurement Policy

• Internal process
• Understand current practices
• Set goals
• Develop strategy
• Implement plan
• Measure review

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How to Develop a Green Procurement Policy

• Understand current practices
• Is there buy-in from management and staff?
• Are there any environmental policies already in
  place?
• Are there any barriers or limiting factors?
• Set Goals/ Develop Strategy
• Define your terms or principles
• Set short and long term goals, strategies,
  priorities and targets
• Make them small and achievable apply to daily
  activities
• Develop timeline

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How to Develop a Green Procurement Policy

• Implement plan
• Have a team, with assigned tasks and communicate
  the plan with all involved
• Have a system to identify legitimate green items
• Have a system to evaluate cost vs. environmental
  consideration
• Measure and Review
• Have a method to measure the success and make
  changes or improvements

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Supplier Tenders

• Tender Evaluation should be measured on Life
  Cycle Costing Criteria to ensure products are
  being selected based on multiple aspects
• Identify criteria product being measured on
  price, economical and environmental impact,
  production processes used, energy use,
  maintenance, disposal
• Environmental claims by suppliers should be
  supported by documentation
• Does company have their own environmental policy?
• Can supplier provide samples or product on trial
  basis?

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Policy Wording and Examples
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CCA policy EcoStore Product Checklist (point
system)

• Do we need this product?
• Where is it made?
• Is it made from a renewable resource?
• Is it made from reused item?
• Is it made with recycled content? What ?
• Can it be recycled/composted locally at end of
  life?
• Is there a take back program from supplier,
  manufacturer?
• How does it reduce waste, water consumption,
  energy use?
• Packaging
• No packaging
• Packaging can be reused
• Packaging contains recycled content
• Packaging can be recycled/ composted

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RCA Policy

• The RCA will seek out and give priority to member
  based suppliers of office and other supplies as
  required which
• firstly, achieve a reduction in the product or
  materials usage or in the waste generated
• secondly, allow for re-use of the original
  product or material and,
• thirdly, contain as much post-consumer recycled
  materials as possible

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Alberta Environment

• The Ministry of Alberta Environment commits to
  the procurement of environmentally preferred
  products and services, to the greatest extent
  practical. That is, where environmentally
  preferred products and services are available at
  a reasonable cost, and available within the
  options under current Ministry or Government of
  Alberta standing offers.

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GNWT

• The Government of the Northwest Territories
  (GNWT) will give preference where economically
  feasible, to environmentally responsible products
  and services that are compatible with an
  individual departments requirements.
• Purchasers should consider use of product and
  services on a trial basis until performance and
  technical requirement have been proven.
• Contracting
• The GNWT will ensure environmentally responsible
  products and services are specified, whenever
  possible, in maintenance and construction
  projects.
• Applicability
• This guide applies to all Territorial Government
  departments, agencies and boards.
• The use of environmentally responsible products
  and services will be promoted throughout the
  Government.

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Town of Banff

• Responsibilities
• Considering the environment in all purchasing
  decisions and selecting environmentally
  beneficial Goods and Services where the
  additional cost is not prohibitive.
• Forwarding a copy of the Contractor's
  Environmental Responsibilities checklist and form
  to the Environmental Manager.
• Procurement Preferences
• The Town will consider Green Procurement when
  making purchasing decisions when Goods and
  Services are available at competitive prices and
  the environmental benefits provided do not affect
  the intended end use.

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HP

• Environmentally, HP is committed to providing
  products and services that are environmentally
  sound throughout their life cycles, and to
  conducting our operations in an environmentally
  responsible way.

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Home Depot

• The Home Depot will give preference to the
  purchase of wood and wood products originating
  from certified, well managed forests whenever
  feasible.
• The Home Depot will eliminate the purchase of
  wood and wood products from endangered regions
  around the world.
• The Home Depot will practice and promote the
  efficient and responsible use of wood and wood
  products.
• The Home Depot will promote and support the
  development and use of alternative environmental
  products.
• The Home Depot expects its vendors and their
  suppliers of wood and wood products to maintain
  compliance with laws and regulations pertaining
  to their operations and the products they
  manufacture.

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Municipal Green Purchasing

• Most responding Alberta Municipalities contacted
  have informal green procurement policies or are
  or will be developing them.
• There were generally no formalized tracking
  mechanisms to gauge the success of implemented
  green procurement policies.
• Challenges identified include
• Difficulty on imposing environmental values such
  as recycling to other countries that produce
  their products, but do not have strong
  environmental policies
• Difficulties associated with decentralized
  purchasing,
• Finding legitimate green vendors and vendors
  knowledgeable in the environmental issues
  surrounding their products and services
• Becoming knowledgeable on available green
  products and services
• Balancing the potential higher costs of green
  products and services
• Resistance to change.

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City of Calgary Case Study
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City of Calgary Environmental Criteria - General
Stationery Supplies

• Certification
• Identify any products or materials with an
  environmental certification, for example
• - Eco-Logo (Environmental Choice Program)
• - Green Seal
• - Other 3rd party environmental certification
• Life Cycle Assessment
• Indicate whether the product or components have
  undergone a life-cycle assessment.
• If so, please provide supporting documentation.
• Material Acquisition
• Identify source materials that conserve natural
  resources or are acquired in a sustainable manner
• - E.g. Use of wood harvested from a forest
  certified by the Canadian Sustainable Forestry
  Certification Coalition or wood certified by the
  Forest Stewardship Council
• Identify initiatives to procure materials that
  are environmentally and socially responsible
• - E.g. Conducting green procurement when
  purchasing from suppliers approving only those
  suppliers who meet specified environmental
  requirements

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City of Calgary Environmental Criteria - General
Stationery Supplies

• Manufacturing Location
• Indicate the location of the facility where the
  product is manufactured.
• Recycled Content
• Identify materials that contain recycled content,
  including percentage of recycled content and
  whether the material is from a post-consumer or
  post-industrial source.
• Suggested minimum post-consumer recycled content
  for the most common materials include
• Plastic 25
• Metal 50
• Wood 50
• Paper 50

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City of Calgary Environmental Criteria - General
Stationery Supplies

• Hazardous Toxic Substances
• Toxic Compounds Identify initiatives to
  eliminate, reduce and track all chemical
  substances that are handled, used and disposed of
  (either discharged on site or transferred off
  site).
• Reduction of Toxic Substances Identity
  initiatives to eliminate or minimize the use of
  toxic substances.
• Indoor Air Quality
• Identify initiatives to minimize emissions during
  production and/or in the finished product.
• - E.g. substitution to water based paints and
  non-aerosol pigments use of non-aerosol
  adhesives and sealants

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City of Calgary Environmental Criteria - General
Stationery Supplies

• Waste Minimization
• Identify initiatives to minimize waste at any
  stage of production through to delivery of the
  finished product. The following initiatives are
  suggested as a minimum guideline
• - Offer reusable or returnable shipping and
  packing material
• - Minimize packaging and shipping materials
• - Periodic waste audits
• Product Recyclability
• Identify initiatives that contribute to the
  recyclability of the product.
• - E.g. manufacture take-back programs, refurbish
  options, recycled content, easy disassembly
• Energy Reduction Sustainable Energy Used in
  Manufacturing
• Identify initiatives to reduce energy consumption
  during the production and/or manufacturing
  processes.
• Identify whether sustainable forms of energy are
  used in production. Quantify the contribution of
  sustainable forms of energy to the process (e.g.
  50 wind-generated electricity)
• Water Reduction
• Identify initiatives to reduce water consumption
  during production and manufacturing, and to
  re-use or reclaim process wastewater. A water
  consumption audit is highly recommended.

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City of Calgary Environmental Criteria - General
Stationery Supplies

• Product Specific Criteria
• Highlighters, Markers, Correction Fluid
• - Water based / low-odour / non-toxic
• - Refillable highlighters
• - Alcohol-based markers (as opposed to
  ketone-based) preferred
• - Conform to ASTM D-4236 or certified by the Art
  and Creative Materials Institute (ACMI)
• Binders
• - Cardboard 100 post consumer recycled
  content
• - Paper-covered paperboard 90 total recycled
  content with at least 75 post-consumer
• - Solid plastic HDPE, at least 90
  post-consumer content PET, 100 post-consumer
  content other plastics, at least 80
  post-consumer content
• - Plastic covered paperboard plastic
  (typically vinyl) at least 25 total recycled
  content paperboard at least 90 total recycled
  content, with 75 post-consumer

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City of Calgary Environmental Criteria - General
Stationery Supplies

• Product Specific Criteria - Continued
• Pens and Pencils
• - Refillable
• - Made from recycled plastic, metal, paper,
  cardboard or other materials
• CDs and Floppy Disks
• - Refurbished or recycled
• - Offer a collection and recycling program
• File Folders
• - 100 total recycled content with at least 30
  post consumer content
• Transparencies
• - 50 total recycled content with at least 25
  post consumer content
• Post-IT Notes
• - 100 total recycled content with at least 30
  post consumer content

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Power to Make Change

• CPPC is a large influential group
• Increase the end market for recycled products
• Change economics of green products
• Make buying green the norm

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Thank You

• Clean Calgary Association
• Calgary Materials Exchange
• www.cmex.ca
• Sarah Begg
• [phone] ext 226
• sarah_at_cleancalgary .org

• Recycling Council of Alberta
• www.recycle.ab.ca
• Christina Seidel
• [phone]
• info_at_recycle.ab.ca