Art

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Art Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism,
Impressionism
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Neoclassicism

• Neoclassicism is the name given to quite distinct
  movements in the decorative and visual arts,
  literature, theatre, music, and architecture that
  draw upon Western classical art and culture
  (usually that of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome).
  These movements were dominant during the mid-18th
  to the end of the 19th century.
• Used bold colors, heroic images, Greco-Roman
  themes.

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The Death of Socrates 1787 - Jacques-Louis
David
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Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Napoleon I on the
Imperial Throne, 1806
Jacques-Louis David The Death of Marat (1793)
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Art of the EnlightenmentPortraits of Denis
Diderot
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The Ploughing Lessonby Vincent François André
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The Romantics change art literature styles
1750

• The ideas of romanticism included the feelings
  and emotions of the individual.
• Romantics also focused on nature as an
  alternative to just studying books.
• Artists used color, lines, and facial expression

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Ideas of Romanticism

• Inner feelings, imagination
• Mysterious supernaturalsometimes the odd,
  exotic and/or grotesque
• The beauty of untamed nature
• Idealized the past as a simpler nobler time
• Glorified heroes heroic action
• Revival of folk traditions, stories, music
• Value on the common people
• Promoted radical change democracy

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Eugene Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People
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Execution of the Defenders of Madrid
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The Nightmare
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Cloister Graveyard in the Snow
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Napoleon Crossing the Alps
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Romantic writers

• Grimm brothersGerman fairy tales
• Emily BronteWuthering Heights
• William BlakeEnglish poet
• Victor HugoFrenchLes Misérables, The Hunchback
  of Norte Dame (struggles of individual against a
  hostile society)
• Mary Shelley--Frankenstein

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Romantic composers

• Beethoven--early years wrote music of the
  Enlightenment, but his 9th Symphony is an example
  of Romanticism.
• Romantic musicians made music a popular art
  formmusic became part of middle-class life.

Ludwig von Beethoven
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Realism response to the Industrial Revolution

• Tried to show life as it is, not as it should be.
• Life becomes grim for industrial workers who live
  in dirty, crowded cities and work dangerous jobs
  for long hours.
• By showing the harsh side of urban life they
  hoped to improve society.

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Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist
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Caspar David Friedrich
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Gustave Courbet
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Gustave Courbet
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Photography

• French inventor Louis Daguerre

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Mathew Brady photographed the US Civil War and
factory and urban slum life
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Impressionists vs. Realists

• 1860sa group of painters in Paris reacted
  against the realist style
• Instead of showing life as it really is they
  tried giving their personal impression of a
  moment in time.
• Edouard Manet, Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, and
  Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
• Showed a more positive view of the new urban
  society.
• They glorified the pastimes of the life of middle
  class people.

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Claude Monet
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Monets version of the urban landscape
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Monets Paris Festival of 1878
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Manet
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Degas
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Vincent Van Gogh, post-impressionist painter
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Questions

1. What cultural events were classicism,
   romanticism, realism, impressionism a
   reflection of?
2. What characterized each art period?
3. Which is your personal favorite and why?