20th century American Art

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20th century American Art
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Pre-Modern Art in USAAmerican Regionalism

• Art in American during 1920s, 1930s
• Rejection of European art styles
• Celebration of American values

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American GothicbyGrant Wood
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Early Sunday Morning by Edward Hopper
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Nighthawks Edward Hopper
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The Planting by Thomas Hart Benton
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Modern Art in America

• Influences
• Great Depression
• World War II
• Immigration of great European artists to America

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After World War II

• New art of the 1950s
• New York becomes center of art world
• Abstract expressionism comes to America
• Jackson Pollock introduces Action Painting

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Abstract Expressionism
Woman and BicyclebyWillem de Kooning
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Action Painting

• Type of abstract expressionism
• Founder Jackson Pollock
• Influenced by automatism
• unchecked self-expression
• Emphasis on creative act of expression, not the
  result

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Jackson Pollock
Number 8, 1949 by Jackson Pollock, 1949
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Lavender Mist, No. 1, 1050 by Jackson Pollock,
1950
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Pop art

• Reaction against abstract expressionism
• Named after British popular art movement
• Featured images from popular culture,
  machine-made items
  
• Andy Warhol leader of movement

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200 Campbells Soup Cans, 1962, by Andy Warhol
(p. 461, ArtForms)
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Gun by Andy Warhol
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MarilynbyAndy Warhol
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Two Cheeseburgers with Everything (Dual
Hamburgers), 1962. Plaster. By Claes Oldenburg
(p. 461, Preble. ArtForms)
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I am for Kool-Art, 7-UP art, Pepsi-art, Sunshine
art, 39 cents artMenthol artRx artNow artI am
for U.S. Government Inspected Art, Grade A art,
Regular Price art, Yellow Ripe art, Extra Fancy
art, Ready-to-eat art.
Claes Oldenburg, quoted from ArtForms, p. 460.
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Op Art

• Optical painting
• 1960s
• manipulates line color
• stimulates eye
• creates perception of movement

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Entrance to Green, 1970, byRichard
Anuszkiewicz(p. 451, Understanding Art)
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Conceptual art

• About ideas

One and Three Chairs,1965,(wooden chair,
photocopy of chair, definition of
chair)byJoseph Kosuth(p. 464, ArtForms)
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Color Field Painting

• Large areas of color
• No obvious structure or focus
• Environments of color
• Usually very large paintings

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Blue, Orange, Red,1961, 90x81byMark
Rothko(p. 442, Understanding Art)
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Photo-Realism

• Impersonal
• Highly realistic
• Influenced by photography
• Usually no narrative significance (doesnt tell a
  story)

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Photo-Realism Chuck Close
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Tourists1970, fiberglass,byDuane Hanson(p.
474, ArtForms)
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Walk, Dont Run1976 installationbyGeorge
Segal(p. 474, ArtForms)
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Earthworks Site-Specific art

• Usually sculptural
• Large scale
• Earth work manipulates natural materials from
  the environment
  
• Site-specific designed for particular spot

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Spiral Jetty, 1970, by Robert Smithson. Great
Salt Lake, Utah. 1500x15 (p. 466, ArtForms)
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Lightning Fields, 1971-79, 400 stainless steel
207 polesby Walter de Maria (p. 465, ArtForms)
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Running Fence,1972-76,byChristo.18x24.5
miles.(p. 465, ArtForms)
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African-American artists
Rocket to the Moon,1967, collagebyRomare
Bearden(p. 10, ArtForms)
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Feminist art

• Influenced by female gender
• Promotes gender-related issues
• Sometimes uses female imagery

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The Dinner Party, 1979, mixed media,
48x48x48by Judy Chicago (p. 488, ArtForms)
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Guerilla Girls, 1992, Feminist Performance
Art.(p. 489, ArtForms)
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Women Dog,1964,byMarisol(p. 458,
Understanding Art)
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Performance art

• Drama and art combined
• Dramatic presentation by visual artist(s)
• Presented before audience, sometimes unsuspecting
  and unaware
  
• Not presented in formal theatrical setting

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The Social Mirror, 1983, Performance art with
20-ton garbage truckby Mierle Laderman Ukeles
(p. 483, ArtForms)
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Swimmin the River, 1987--, 2552 mile
swim,Performance art by Billy Curmano (p. 481,
ArtForms)
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Folk Art

• Art by untrained artists
• Sometimes visionary

Coke Bottle, by Howard Finster