Earthwork

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Earthwork
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LOTs

• 120-8.1 Embankment Construction LOTs
• What is the maximum length of a LOT?
• Mainline pavement lanes, turn lanes, ramps,
  parking lots, concrete box culverts and retaining
  wall systems
• A LOT is defined as a single lift of finished
  embankment not to exceed 500 feet.
• Shoulder-Only areas, bike/shared use paths, and
  sidewalk areas
• A LOT is defined as 2000 feet or one Days
  Production, whichever is greater.

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Independent Verification

• Question from Industry How is Independent
  Verification processed.
• Section 120-10 Independent Verification
• 120-10.1.5 - In addition to the Verification
  testing, the Engineer may perform additional
  Independent Verification (IV) testing. The
  Engineer will evaluate and act upon the IV test
  results in the same manner as Verification test
  results.

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Independent Verification

• QC Sample - 108 pcf
• VT Proctor - 112 pcf
• IV Proctor 116 pcf
• Resolution Proctor 116 pcf
• What proctor should we use?
• Should they resample the material?

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Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) 120-8.4

• Where is RAP prohibited? 
• Construction areas that are below the seasonal
  high groundwater table elevation.
• The top 12 inches of embankment.
• MSE Wall backfill.
• Minimize RAP content to avoid possible long term
  settlement

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Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)

• Specifications
• Soil RAP mixture120-8.4.2
• Prohibited in Retaining Wall Systems
• Alternate Layer Construction 120-8.4.3
• Shoulder Base 283
• Stabilizing Material 914

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Max. Lift Thickness

• Test Strip Requirements for 12 inch thick
  compacted lifts.
• 125-8.1.6 In the soil envelope - maximum
  allowed thickness of backfill is 6 inches.

Requirements for max. 12 inch thick compacted Earthwork Requirements for max. 12 inch thick compacted Earthwork Requirements for max. 12 inch thick compacted Earthwork
Section Embankment 120-8.2 Pipe Backfill 125-8.1
A-3 and A-2-4 soils with up to 15 fines No Test strip required Test strip required
A-1, Plastic materials, and A-2-4 Materials with greater than 15 fines Test strip required Test strip required
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Soil Envelope 125-8.3
Top Zone - Up to the base or final grade
1 foot above pipe
PIPE
Cover Zone
Bedding Zone 4 below the pipe
Lowest Zone
Bottom of Trench
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Reduced Frequency Testing

• How many passing density tests are required
  before the contract allows Reduced Frequency
  Density Testing for
• Pipe backfill
• Embankment

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Embankment -Reduced Frequency

• 120-10.1.6
• Reduced Frequency Testing is allowed after 12
  passing tests with no Resolution tests in favor
  of Verification.
• Required to use similar compaction effort on the
  untested LOT
• Select test location randomly from one of the two
  LOTs under consideration.
• Requires Engineers permission to place material
  over untested LOT
• Not allowed in shoulder only areas, sidewalks
  bike/shared use paths. (LOT size)

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Pipe Backfill 125-9.1.1

• Reduced Frequency Testing is allowed after 6
  passing tests with no Resolution tests in favor
  of Verification.
• Required to use similar compaction effort on the
  untested LOT
• Select test location randomly from one of the two
  LOTs under consideration.
• Requires Engineers permission to place material
  over untested LOT

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125 Pipe Backfill

• Plastic and Metal pipe backfill requires 95 of
  Standard Proctor for density.
• Concrete pipe backfill requires 100 of Standard
  Proctor.
• Structure backfill requires 100 of Standard
  proctor regardless of the type of pipe joining
  the structures.

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Metal Pipe / Structure Density Acceptance

• Metal pipe requires 95 maximum density
• Structure requires 100 maximum density
• The pipe and structure require separate density
  tests because of different density requirements.
• This will be clarified in the July 2013
  specifications

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Stabilization Materials- Sampling

• Commercial Material - Approved Source (usually
  Aggregate Base) 160-2.1
• Requires a Cert from the Mine
• No field sampling or testing required
• Existing Base 160-2.3
• No testing requirements
• IV testing is encouraged and should be performed
  on any material if there are concerns i.e. bad
  clay or organic materials
• Local Materials 160-2.2
• Acceptance requires
• Source investigation (440 /440A Projects let
  after 3/1/11 )
• Sample test from the roadway for material
  acceptance 160-3.2.1
• (440/440B - Projects let after 3/1/11)

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Stabilization - Local Materials

• Meet the requirements of Section 914- 160-2.2
  (440/440A)
• Local material may be clay from on-site, material
  from another construction project, or possibly
  byproducts from a process.
• The Specifications require testing of the
  material before it is brought to the roadway and
  spread.
• Sampling
• Section 914 requires a minimum of 3 organic
  content test results and one LL/PI test result
  per source.
• The Engineer should partner with the contractor
  to investigate the source or stockpile and
  evaluate each material. (best practice)
• Use one sample card for each source or stratum of
  material
• Provide a minimum of 3 - ½ bags of material for
  each source

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C22 card

• Material ID - Enter 440 for projects let prior
  to March 1, 2011 and 440A if the project is let
  after March 1, 2011 (This will show in the
  project job guide schedule)
• Remarks - Enter Source testing
• Sample Number Enter C001, C002, C003,
  etc and either Q or V

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Roadway Acceptance Local Material

• Sampling and Testing of Local Materials - Section
  160-3.2.1 (440/440B)
• Requires Sampling after spreading and before
  mixing
• QC 1 per 2 LOTs VT 1 per 8 LOTs
• Sample Numbering - C001, C002, C003, etc
  and Q or V
• Collect three pint size bags of material across
  the roadway (FM 1 T267)
• Engineer Verification, Resolution and Acceptance
  - 160-3.2.1.1
• Stabilizing materials require acceptance before
  the material is mixed into the Subgrade

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C-22 CARD Example

• Material ID - Enter 440 for projects let prior
  to March 1, 2011 and 440B if the project is let
  after March 1, 2011 (This will show in the
  project job guide schedule)
• Sample Number Enter C001, C002, C003,
  etc and either Q or V
• Plant or Pit No. Enter ROADWAY
• QUANT REP Enter LOTS 1 thru 8
• Remarks Enter LL/PI and ORGANIC TEST

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RAP orRAP BLENDStabilizing Material
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RAP or RAP Blend Stabilizing Material

• Source Investigation (440/440A)
• Evaluate the stockpile as a local material -
  160-2.2
• If failing organic content is due to the asphalt
  content of RAP or RAP Blended material the
  department may modify acceptance (after careful
  evaluation)
• Modified Acceptance for RAP or RAP Blend
  (440/440B)
• http//www.dot.state.fl.us/statematerialsoffice/ad
  ministration/resources/library/materialsbulletins/
  topics/2011/mb02-11.pdf
• Sample for LL/PI before mixing
• Sample and test for Asphalt Content (FM 5-563)
  (NCAT) after Mixing
• The upper limit for FM 5-563 in the mixed
  Subgrade is 4.7
• Failure may indicate too much Asphalt or the
  presence of a material with a high organic content

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Sampling for RAP Stabilizer Material

• Sample after spreading and before mixing
  according to 160-3.2.1 (440/440B)
• Sample Transmittal Card Example
• Remarks
• RAP Premixing no organic test
• LL/PI test only
• Sample size is ½ bag

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Sample for Asphalt Content

• Sample the material after mixing in 160-3.3
  (440/440B)
• Sample size is 1 bag
• Sample Transmittal Card Example
• Use the same sample number as used for LL/PI
  testing
• remarks
• RAP - Substitute FM 5-563 for FM1-T267

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• Appendix

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Independent Verification

• 120-10.4.1 Standard Proctor Maximum Density
  Determination The Engineer will verify the
  Quality Control results if the results compare
  within 4.5 lb/ft3 of the Independent
  Verification Verification test result. Otherwise,
  the Engineer will take one additional sample of
  material from the soil type in question. The
  State Materials Office or an AASHTO accredited
  laboratory designated by the State Materials
  Office will perform Resolution testing. The
  material will be sampled and tested in accordance
  with AASHTO T-99, Method C. The Engineer will
  compare the Resolution Test results with the
  Quality Control test results. If all Resolution
  Test results are within 4.5 lb/ft3 of the
  corresponding Quality Control test results, the
  Engineer will use the Quality Control test
  results for material acceptance purposes for each
  LOT with that soil type. If the Resolution Test
  result is not within 4.5 lb/ft3 of the
  Contractors Quality Control test, the
  Independent Verification Verification Test result
  will be used for material acceptance purposes.

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FDOT Laboratory Testing Contacts
Name Office Telephone email
Timmy Meeks District 1 7 863-519-4200 timmy.meeks_at_dot.state.fl.us
Larry Keen District 2 386-758-3758 larry.keen_at_dot.state.fl.us
Tonya Myers District 3 850-638-0250 tonya.myers_at_dot.state.fl.us
Ernst Registre District 4 6 954-677-7100 ernst.registre_at_dot.state.fl.us
Joe Owens District 5 386-740-3400 joseph.owens_at_dot.state.fl.us
Ed Cueto Florida Turnpike 954-934-1730 ed.cueto_at_dot.state.fl.us
Daniel Pitocchi State Materials Office 352-955-2945 daniel.pitocchi_at_dot.myflorida.com

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FDOT Earthwork Material Contacts
Name Office Telephone email
Barbara Beacham District 1 7 863-519-4200 barbara.beacham_at_dot.state.fl.us
Vacant Position District 2 386-758-3758 T.B.D.
Chad Miller District 3 850-638-0250 chad.miller_at_dot.myflorida.com
Ron Arcalas District 4 6 954-677-7100 ronald.arcalas_at_dot.state.fl.us
Jody Clifton District 5 Materials 386-740-3400 jody.clifton_at_dot.state.fl.us
Todd Kelly Florida Turnpike 407-264-3370 todd.kelly_at_dot.state.fl.us
Ben Watson State Materials Office 352-955-2935 ben.watson_at_dot.myflorida.com

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