Analyze various ways in which the Thirty Years

1
Analyze various ways in which the Thirty Years
War (1618-1648) represented a turning point in
European history.

• Brian Little
• Per.6

2
Who was in the war?

• The war was against the Protestant Union and the
  Catholic League
• The Protestant Union was made up mostly of
  Lutherans and Calvinists
• This war was a religious war

3
Background of events leading up to the Thirty
years war.

• The Peace of Augsburg was signed in 1555 which
  divided Europe into the Roman Catholic Church and
  the Lutheran Church
• The Peace of Augsburg allowed the prince of a
  territory to choose which religion their
  territory would follow
• When Calvinism was spread throughout the Peace of
  Augsburg didnt affect them and they were
  converting princes to their religion which
  angered the Roman Catholic Church

4
The four phases of the war

• The Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)
• The Danish Phase (1625-1629)
• The Swedish Phase (1630-1635)
• The French Phase (1635-1648)

5
The Bohemian Phase

• Civil war in Bohemia between the Catholic League
  and the Protestant Union is what sparked the
  start of the war.
• The Protestants lost the first phase of the war
  when 10 years later Bohemia was completely
  catholic.
• Bohemia before the civil war did not have a sure
  religion. There were Catholics and protestants.
• The Catholics win the Bohemian Phase

6
The Danish Phase

• This part is called the Danish Phase because the
  ruler of Denmark, King Christian IV, supported
  the protestants.
• King Christian was also a prince of the Holy
  Roman Empire.
• At the end of this phase the Treaty of Lubek was
  signed allowing Denmark to keep valuable things
  like their city-state Holstein.
• Catholics once again dominate the protestants

7
The Swedish Phase

• The Catholic victories from the earlier phases
  angered the protestants.
• A Swedish man named Gustavus Adolphus greatly
  supported the Lutherans.
• This man lead the Protestants to their first
  victory in the war.
• Protestants are the victors of this phase

8
The French or International Phase

• The French join the Protestants hoping to weaken
  the Habsburg.
• Ferdinand II dies in 1637
• Attempts at peace begin in 1641
• Cardinal Richelieu dies in 1642
• The French capture Bavaria in 1646
• There was clear victor in this phase

9
The Effects of The Thirty Years war

• This was the last real religious war in Europe.
• Germany was divided into many different parts and
  will not come together for another hundred years
  or so.
• The war weakened Spain Making France one of the
  dominate countries of Europe
• Limited the power of the Holy Roman Empire
• Male Population of German states reduced by half
• The war helped create Sovereign nation states

10

• The area of Germany after the Thirty Years war

11
The End

• Brian Little Seminar 3
• Per.6