????????????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? [e-mail] http://epee.hse.ru

1
????????????????????????????? ???????
????????????? ???????????? ????????????
???????icef-research_at_hse.ruhttp//epee.hse.ru
2
??????????? ? ????????? ? ??????????

• 1980-? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??
  ???????????? ?????? ??????????, ??????????,
  ????????????, ????????...
• ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????????!
  (G.Stigler, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics,
  1982)
• 2000-? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????????
  ?????????? ????????? ?.???????? ? ??????????
  ?.????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ? ???????
  ????????????????? ?????????.
• ????? ???????????? ? ???????????, ????????????
  ???????????? ?????????, ??????? ?????? ??????,
  ??? ????????
• ??????? Journal of Behavioural Decision Making,
  Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision
  Processes, Journal of Economic Psychology
  Quarterly Journal of Economics, Econometrica
• ?????????? http//iarep.org http//sabe.org
  http//icabeep-school.epee.hse.ru...
• ???? H.A.Simon, A.Tversky, R.D.Luce, D.Kahneman,
  P.Slovic, S.Lichtenstein, B.Fischhoff, D.Prelec,
  G.Loewenstein

3
????????????? vs ??????????????? ????????????

• ??? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????
  ??????? ???????? ?????????
• ???????, ??????????, ??????, ????????, ?????????,
  ??????
• ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????
  ???????????? ????????????? ?????? ???, ???
  ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?/???
  ??????????
• ?????????????? ?????????, ?????? ???, ??????
  ??????????
• ???????? ?? ?????? ? ???????????? ? ? ?????
  ??????
• ? ? ????? ????? ????????????? ????.,
• ?????????????????? (neuroeconomics Colin
  Camerer)
• ??????? (field experiments John List)

4
?????? ??? ???????????? ?????,??????????? ???
?????? ??????????

• ???????????? ????????? XX ?. ??????? ?? ??????
  homo oeconomicus ???????? ?????????????
• ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? (??????????)
• ??????????? ?????????? ? ??????
• ?????????? ?????? ? ?????????
• ??????????????? ?????????
• ????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???
  ????????????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????

5
??????? ???????

• ????????? ???????????? ?? 50?
• I.Fisher ????????? ?????????? E.Chamberlin -
  ?????
• 50-e ???????????? ?? ?????? ???????????????
  ????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ?????????
  M.Allais ? D.Ellsberg?, Fouraker-Siegel
• 60-? ????????????????? ????? ??????? ????????
  ????????
• V.Smith, M.Shubik, Ch.Plott ? ??.
• 70-? ???????????? ?????????, ????????????
  ???????????
• A.Tversky, D.Kahneman ? ??.
• 80-90-? mainstream

6
? ??? ??? ??..

• Experimental markets
• Auctions
• Financial markets
• Public goods
• Game theory
• Bargaining
• Individual choice

7
??????????? ????????????? ?????????????

• ?? ???????? ??????
• ??? ??????? ??????????
• ?? ????????????? ? ?????? ???????????????
  ????????
• ??? ????????????? ?????????? (? ????????????
  ??????????????? ????????)

8
????? ?????? ????????????

• ????????????? ?????? ? ?? ????????????
  (??????????? ?????????)
• ???????????? ???????????? (????) ??????????
  ????????? ????????
• ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ?????? ??
  ???????, ??????? ??????
• ??????????? ???????? ??????? (treatment) ? ?????
  ???????? ???????? ? ????????? (??????????
  ????????????)
• ????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????
  ??????????????? (saliency)
• ???????????? ??????????? ? ????????? ? ????????
  ???? (external validity)

9
?????? I ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ?
???????? ?????

• ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? (???
  ??????-???????????, 1944 1947)
• ???????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????
  ?????????
• ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ??????
• ?????? ???????????????
• ?????????????
• ?????????????
• ????????? ???? (1950 1953) ?????????
  ???????????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????
  ??????? ?????????????

10
?????? 2 ???????? ??????????

• ?????????? ?????? ? ??????????? ????????? ???
  ??????????? ?????
• ? ?????? ????????????? (?????????) ??
  ???????????
• ?????? ???? (1962)????? ???????? ?????????
  ?????? ??????????? ???????, ??? 8 ?????????? ?
  8 ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????????
• ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?
  ??????????????? ????????

11
?????? 3 ????????????? ??????

• ??? (1982) ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? 100.
• ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????????????? ?????????
  ???? (????? ?????? ????????) x ???????
  ?????????
• ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????????
  ???????????
• ?????????? ???? ? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????
  ??????? ??????, ??????? ??? ?????????.
• ?? ???? ????? 1 ?????? ?????????? x40-50, ???
  ??????????? ????????, ??????????? x20 ?????
  2 ????????? ? ???????? ???????

12
?????? 4 ???? ? ?????????

• ?????? ?????? ?? ??, ??? ? ? Ultimatum game, ??
  ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????????
• ??? ???????, ?????????? ??????, ??? ?????? ?
  Ultimatum games
• ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????
  ?????????, ???? ????? 1 ????? ?? ??????
  ?????????? ? ??????? 2, ?? ? ?????? ? ???? ?????
  ??? ???????. (Fehr, Kirchsteiger and Reidl, 1993
  Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe, 1995).
• ?????????? ???????
• ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??????
  ??????????
• ?????? ???? ?????????
• ??? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????

13
?????? 5 ????????

• ?????? ???????????? ????? ???, ?????
• ????????? ???????? ?? ???????????
• ???????? ?? ???????????? ???????
• ??????? ?? ???, ??? ?????? ????? ???????????.

• ????????
• ?????????? ??????????? ?? ????????????
• ????? ?????????? (winners curse)
• ?????? ??????? ?????????
• ??????????? ??????? (????????)
• ???????? ?? ????????? ??????
• ????????
• ???. ?????????

14
?????? 6 ???????????? ?????

• N ?????????? ???????? ?? 10 ???????? ? ??????????
  ???? ?? ????? ????????? ???? x ????, ? ???? 1-x
  ?????????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ?????
• ????? ?? ????????????? ????? ???????? ??? ????, ?
  ?????????????? ????? ???????

• ??????????? ???????????? ??????
  ???????????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????
  ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????, ????????? ?? ?????
  ?????? ?????????? ??, ??? ????? ??????
• ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ????? 50, ?
  ?? ? ?????? ????????

15
???????? ??????? Gaechter and Herrmann, 2008
16
???????? ?????????Gaechter and Herrmann, 2008
17
?????? 7 ?????????????? ?????????

• ???? ??????????? ???????????? (??? ?????)
• ???????????? ???????? ????
• ?????????? ??????? ? ???? ??????? (WTA vs WTP,
  Kahneman Knetch Thaler, 1992)
• ?????? ???? ?????? (Dan Ariely, 2008)
• ????????????? ?????????
• Altruism vs. Warm Glow
• Costly punishment
• ??????? ? ?????????? ???????? ??????????
• ???????? ??????????(heuristics and biases)
• ????????

18
?????, ??????, ?????, ??????????, ???????????????
?????, ???????????, ??????? ??????? ? ??????
??????!
19
????? ??????????? ?????????????

• ???????? ????????????? ?????? ? ?? ??????????
  ????????
• ???????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????
  ? ????????? ??????????/?????????
• ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ?????
  ????????????? ????????
• ?????????!

20
Information
21
?????????? ?????????? ?? ????? http//epee.hse.ru
???????
?? ????????!