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?????? Antipsychotics

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Title: ?????? Antipsychotics


1
?????????
  • ???????????
  • ?????
  • ???
  • ???
  • ???????
  • ???????
  • ????????

2
???????????
  • ??
  • ??
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ??????
  • ???????
  • ????????
  • ??

3
?????
  • ?????? Antipsychotics
  • ????? Mood stabilizer
  • ?? Lithium
  • ???? Antidepressants
  • ???? Anxiolytics(BZDs)
  • ????? Aticholinergics
  • ??????? Stimulants
  • ?? Others

4
???????????
  • ?????
  • ???
  • ???????
  • ??????
  • ??
  • ???????????
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ??????????????????
  • ????

5
??????
  • ????????
  • ??? Haloperidol (Haldol) Fluphenazine
    (Fluanxol) Pimozid
  • ??? Chlopromazine (Wintermin) Melleril
    Sulpiride
  • Thiothixene (Navane)
  • ?????????
  • ?D2???????,????5-HT2???,??????
  • ? Serotonin-Dopamine Antagonists (SDA),
  • ???????Clozapine (Clozaril?)????Risperidone
  • (Risperdal) ?????
  • ???Olanzapine (Zyprexa)??? Quitiapine
    (Seroquel) ???
  • Ziprasidone (Geodon)
  • ???Aripiprazole (Abilify) (partial dopamine
    agonist)

6
???????????
  • ???????
  • (Extra-Pyramidal Side effects or
    Syndrome,??EPS)
  • ??????(acute dystonia)
  • ??????????????
  • ?????????????(akathisia)
  • ???????(tardive dyskinesia)??????????
  • ?????(anticholinergic effects)
  • ???????????

7
???????????
  • ??????(acute dystonia)
  • ?????????,90???????????????????????
  • ???
  • ??????,
  • ??(spasmodic torticollis or retrocollis),
  • ??,
  • ????(oculogyric crises),
  • ????(macroglossia),????,
  • ????(trismus)???????,
  • ??????????????????,
  • ???????,????,??????

8
???????????
  • ??????????????
  • ?????????,
  • ???(cogwheel rigidity),??(tremor),???????(akinesia
    or
  • bradykinesia),????,????,????
  • ????,???40??????
  • ????,???positive glabellar sign,?????????,
  • ???????
  • Rabbit syndrome,?????????????,?????
  • ???????,?????????.????TD??,
  • ????????????

9
???????????
  • ????(akathisia)
  • ????????????????????
  • ???????(cognitive) (??)??? (motor)
  • (??)???
  • ?????????????????????,?
  • ??????????????,????????
  • ????????,????????
  • ??????????????????????
  • ??
  • ???????????????,???????
  • ??

10
???????????
  • ??????(tardive dyskinesia,TD)?????????
  • ???????????????,???????
  • ?,????????,????????????
  • ?????? ???????????????
  • ????????????????????,??
  • ?(smacking)????????(puckering)???
  • (choreoathetoid)?
  • ??????????(buccolingual area)?????
  • ?????

11
???????????
  • ???????????
  • ??????????????????,????
  • tuberoinfundibular trace?dopaminergic
    blockade,???????
  • ????(prolactin)????,????????????,
  • ?????????????(??????? ???)????
  • ??????(?)?????
  • ?????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????

12
???????????
  • ?????(anticholinergic effects)
  • ??(??)? systemic ????? neuropsychiatric
  • ???? ??
  • ????????? ??
  • ???? ????
  • ???? ??????
  • ?? ????
  • ?? ??
  • ?????? ??(???)
  • ???? ??
  •   ??

13
????????????????
  • ?????????????????????
  • ???75?15-25?
  • ????????????
  • 1.??????????,????????????
  • 2.????????,??????????????
  • 3.???????,??????????
  • 4.??????,????????
  • 5.??????(??????)??
  • 6.??????,???BZD?????????

14
??????????????
  • ????????? (SGA ?????????)
  • ??EPS???,?????????????????????????????EPS????
  • Clozapine
  • clozapine??????????????2.8,
  • ????????(agranulocytosis)????????????(0.6),???197
    5?clozapine????????????????????????????,?????????
  • Clozapine??????????????600mg/d,?5???????,???3
    00-600mg/d??3-4,???300mg/d??,????1-2?

15
?????
  • Carbamazepine (Tegretol) ??
  • Valproic acid (Deparkine) ???
  • Lamotrigine (Lamictal )

16
??????????
  • ???
  • ????????
  • ???????
  • ???????????????????

17
?????
  • Carbamazepine ????
  • ??????????????
  • Carbamazepine, Valproate???????, ????????? .

18
????(Antidepressants)
  • 1.?????????(Tricyclic and related cyclic
    antidepressants, TCAs)
  • 2.??????????????(serotonin-selective re-uptake
    inhibitors,SSRIs)?fluoxetine ?fluvoxamine???
  • 3.????????(monoamine oxidase inhibitor,MAOI)?
  • 4.??trazodone?bupropion?
  • SNRI ??????????????

19
????(Antidepressants)
  • ??????????????(SSRI)
  • Fluoxetine ( Prozac) 10, 20mg
  • Sertraline (Zoloft) 25, 50, 100mg
  • Fluvoxamine (Luvox) 25, 50, 100mg
  • Paroxetine (Seroxat, Paxil)) 10, 20 , 30mg
  • Citalopram (Cipram)10, 20, mg
  • SNRI??????????????
  • Venlafaxine (Efexor)

20
?????????
  1. ???
  2. ???
  3. ??? (??????)
  4. ???
  5. ????????(TCAs)
  6. ??????????????
  7. ??????,??
  8. ?????????????(??)
  9. ??????(??)

21
?????????
  • ??????
  • ?????
  • ??????(???????)
  • ????????

22
???????????? (BZDs)
  • ?????????
  • ???
  • ??
  • ????
  • ???
  • ???????

23
???????????? (BZDs)
  • ??? ???
  • ????? ???????
  • ???????? ??????
  • ??????? ????????
  • ???? ????

24
??
  • ????????(therapeutic index)??????,????????????????
    ?????????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ????????????
  • ?????????????????????????? ?

25
??????
  • ??????????
  • ??,??????????????(???????), ???????????????,??????
    ????(resting postural tremor)?
  • ??????????????????????,?????
  • ?????
  • ????????
  • ?????
  • ???????????
  • ????????????

26
??????
  • ??????????????
  • ??????????????????,???
  • ???????
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ?????????
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