Construction Math

1
Construction Math

• Fundamentals of Construction

2
Section 1.0.0

• Why is math important in construction?
• Provides accurate communication of measurements
  of materials, tools, and/or equipment

3
Section 2.0.0

• Whole Numbers complete numbers w/o decimals or
  fractions
• 1 5 12 368 4,724
• Non-Whole Numbers
• 1.5 6 ½ 42.8 0.006

4
Section 2.1.0

• Parts to Whole Numbers Digits
• Units
• Tens
• Hundreds
• Thousands
• Ten Thousands
• Hundred Thousand
• Millions

5
Section 2.1.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.3

6
Section 2.2.0

• Adding Whole Numbers
• 6
• 3
• 9

7
Section 2.2.1

• Carrying in Addition
• 48
• 64
• 112

8
Section 2.2.2

• Review Questions
• p. 2-4

9
Section 2.2.2

• Problem-Solving (Word Problems)
• If a construction company had 14 workers on one
  job, 18 on another, and 32 on a third job, how
  many total employees do they have all together?

10
Section 2.2.2

• 14
• 18
• 32
• 64 total workers

11
Section 2.3.0

• Subtracting Whole Numbers
• 38
• - 24
• 14

12
Section 2.3.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.5

13
Section 2.3.0

• Borrowing during subtraction
• 34
• - 28
• 6

14
Section 2.4.0

• Multiplying Simple Whole Numbers
• 4
• x 8
• 32

15
Section 2.4.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.6

16
Section 2.4.2

• Multiplying Larger Whole Number
• 75
• x 16
• 420
• 75_
• 1170

17
Section 2.4.3

• Review Questions
• p. 2.7

18
Section 2.5.0

• Dividing Whole Numbers
• 10 div by 2

5
2
10
10
0
19
Section 2.5.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.8

20
Section 2.5.2

• Dividing More Complex Numbers

2
8.
7
12
345.
0
24
10
5
96
9
0
84
21
Section 2.5.3

• Review Questions
• p. 2.9

22
Section 2.6.0

• Using Calculators
• Addition
• Section 2.6.2
• REVIEW QUESTIONS
• p. 2.10

23
Section 2.6.4

• Subtraction
• Review Questions
• p. 2.11

24
Section 2.6.5

• Multiplication
• Review Questions 2.6.6
• p. 2.11

25
Section 2.6.7

• Division
• Review Questions
• Section 2.6.9
• p. 2.12

26
Section 2 Review

• s 1-20
• p. 2.12-2.14

27
Section 3.0.0

• Measurements
• Divisions of an inch

28
Section 3.1.0

• Review Questions
• p. 2.16

29
Section 4.0.0

• Fractions value expressed with a numerator and
  denominator
• 1
• 2

Numerator
Denominator
30
Section 4.1.0

• Equivalent fractions different numerators and
  denominators but having the same value
• 4 2 1
• 8 4 2

31
Section 4.1.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.17

32
Section 4.2.0

• Reducing to lowest forms
• Reduce to lowest terms possible by dividing both
  the numerator and numerator by the highest number
  possible

33
Section 4.2.0

• 3 3 1
• 9 3 3

34
Section 4.2.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2-18

35
Section 4.3.0

• Lowest common denominator
• Find lowest number that will EVENLY divide into
  both denominators

36
Section 4.3.0

• 3 5
• 4 8
• Which is larger?

or
37
Section 4.3.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2-19

38
Section 4.4.0

• Adding Fractions
• Find lowest common denominator
• Use that denominator
• Add the numerators
• Reduce to lowest terms

39
Section 4.4.0

• 3 5
• 4 8
• 6 5 11
• 8 8 8

40
Section 4.4.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2-20

41
Section 4.5.0

• Subtracting Fractions
• Done same way as addition, except subtract
  numerators

42
Section 4.5.0

• 3 5
• 4 8
• 6 5 1
• 8 8 8

43
Section 4.5.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.20

44
Section 4.5.1

• Subtracting a fraction from a whole number
• 5 ¼

45
Section 4.5.2
4
4/4

• 5
• - ¼
• 4 ¾

3/4
46
Section 4.5.3

• Review Questions
• p. 2-21

47
Section 4.6.0

• Multiplying Fractions
• 4 x 5 20
• 8 6 48

48
Section 4.6.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.21

49
Section 4.7.0

• Dividing Fractions
• Invert (flip) 2nd fraction
• multiply numerator
• multiply denominator
• simplify

50
4.7.0

• 3 1
• 8 2
• 3 x 2 6 3
• 8 1 8 4

51
Section 4.7.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.22

52
Section 4.0.0

• Review Questions
• s 1-20
• p. 2.22-2.23

53
Section 5.0.0

• Reading metric rule
• units of tenths
• can be written as decimal or fraction

54
5.0.0

0.2
0.7
1.0
1.6
2.1
2.7
55
5.1.1

• Review questions
• p. 2.25

56
Section 5.2.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.26

57
Section 5.3.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.26-2.27

58
Section 5.4.0

• Adding / Subtracting Decimals
• Rule align decimals
• Review questions
• p. 2.28

59
5.4.0

• 4.561
• 54.7
• 4.561
• 54.7 59.261

60
Section 5.5.0

• Multiplying Decimals
• Rule answer must total number of decimal places
  in answer

61
5.5.1

• 8.2
• x 1.26
• 10332 (count 3 decimal places)
• 10.332

62
5.5.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.28-2.29

63
5.6.0

• Dividing decimals
• if decimal in numerator, keep decimals in line
• If decimal in denominator, move until right of
  units place. Must move same number of places for
  the numerator.

64
5.6.2

• Review questions
• p. 2.30

65
5.6.4

• Review questions
• p. 2.30

66
5.6.6

• Review questions
• p. 2.31

67
5.7.0

• Rounding decimals
• .5 or above, round up
• .499999999999 or below, drop off

68
5.7.7

• Review questions
• p. 2.31

69
5.8.0

• Using calculators

70
5.8.1

• Review questions
• p. 2.32

71
Section 5.0.0

• Review Questions
• s 1-15
• p. 2.32-2.34

72
6.0.0

• Conversion Processes
• Decimal ? Percentages
• Percentages ? Decimals

73
6.0.0

• decimals ? percentage x 100
• percentage ? decimals / 100

74
6.1.1

• Review questions
• p. 2.35

75
6.2.1

• Fractions ? decimals
• set up as division problem.
• Review questions
• p. 2.36

76
6.3.1

• Converting decimals ?
• fractions
• Setup with value over
• place value
• Becomes fraction ? reduce

77
6.4.0

• Converting inches ? decimals
• divide inches by 12 and place as decimal
• Ex. 7 _?_ 7/12 0.583

78
Section 6.0.0

• Review questions
• s 1-10
• p. 2.37

79
Section 7.0.0

• WE WILL SKIP!!!!!!

80
8.0.0

• Angles
• acute
• right
• obtuse

• straight
• adjacent
• opposite

81
Shapes

• Triangles 180 ,
• equilateral
• right
• isosceles
• scalene

82
Squares / Rectangles

• 4 sides, right angles
• diagonals
• 360

83
Circles

• 360
• circumference
• diameter
• radius

84
Pythagorean Theorem

• a b c

2
2
2
85
Area

• amount of space a shape takes up
• measured in square in (sq in) or ft (sq ft)

86
Area

• A (square) l x w
• A (rectangle) l x w
• A (circle) Ii r
• A (triangle) ½bh

2
87
Area

• find area

8
14
88
Area
9
9
89
Area

9
16
90
Area

12
91
8.3.1

• Review Questions
• p. 2.52