PHONOSTYLISTICS AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

1
PHONOSTYLISTICS AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

• Prepared by
• Lidia Poor

2
INTRODUCTION

• Do the learners acquire the phonostylistylistic
  (style dependent ) process of foreign casual
  speach ?
• What is the underlying mechnism of this
  acquisition process ?
• Is it universal for all learners ?

3

• L1 vs. L2 Natural Phonology .
• The acquisition of L2 phonology .
• The most important factors in acquiring a lg .
• Formal vs. natural setting .
• Formal vs. casual style .
• The character of speech situation .
• Speed
• Attention

4
HYPOTHESISL1 vs. L2 Natural Phonology

• Native phonological system is confronted with
  foreign lg requirements .
• L1 processes are subconsciously applied by the
  learner to L2 strings which results in
  inteference in L2.

5
The acquisition of L2 phonology

• It can be questioned on at least two grounds .
• It is conditioned by a multitude of socio
  psychological factors .
• L2 processes aquire the status of rules and do
  not apply in uncontrolled speech e.g. in slips of
  the tongue .

6
The most important factors in acquiring a lg

• The attitude of a learner .
• The purpose of learning .
• The aptitude of a learner .

Responsible for motivation .
Influences orientation .
Especially for studying languages .
7
The nature of the acquisition mechanism
FORMAL SETTING Conscious learning of both process and rules . NATURAL SETTING Subconscious learning in the childs fashion .
8
Formal vs. casual style

• The learner tries to decipher the foreign lg
  intention level .
• The casual speech is masking the underlying
  intention .
• So , the biggest gap between production and
  intention exists in casual speech.

9
Underlying intention

• 
  formal
• GAP
• 
  Levels of formality
• 
  casual
• Production

10
The character of speech situation

• It depends on
• The topic of conversation .
• The relationship with the interlocutor .
• The place of conversation .
• The personal characteristics of the speaker .

11
Speed

• The higher the attention level , the lower the
  speed .
• High speed implies the application of
  assimilatory processes .
• But the presence of those processes doesnt mean
  that the utterances have been produced with high
  speed .

12
Attention it varies

• Pragmatically

• Syntagmatically

The level of attention decides of the style of speech .
Within a given style attention may drop or increase e.g. for a time span of one word .
13
EXPERIMENT

• The purpose of the experiment was to examine the
  learners use of casual speach processes .

Context Process Percentage of occurences
Triumph - ? f Nasal assimilation 94.1
Inquire about -r- Linking r 70.6
Couldnt you -t /? (j)u palatalization 35.3
14
-s d- stop deletion 23.5
-m p- nasal assimilation 5.9
-b b- stop assimilation 5.9
-t ? (j)u palatalization 48.5
-? g- stop deletion assimilation 36.4
-m(p) m- -?j- stop deletion assimilation/palatal 12.2

• a test drive
• ten pounds
• good bye
• What you want ?
• cap and gown
• Dont miss your train .

15
CONCLUSIONSNatives vs. foreigners .

• NATIVE SPEAKERS
• Generally applied fewer processes than foreigners
  the situation wasnt casual enough .
• Speed also had no influence they spoke quickly
  but attentively .
• The only phonostylistic processes all of them
  applied were
  nasal assimilation in triumph
  
• palatalization in What you want ? .

16
FOREIGNERS

• Used more casual speech processes .
• It proves the lack of precise differentiation -
  the learner puts into practice whatever he has
  learned no matter the circumstantes .

17
The end ?