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Management Information Systems By Effy Oz

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Title: Management Information Systems By Effy Oz


1
Management Information SystemsBy Effy Oz Andy
Jones
Chapter 7 The Web Enabled Enterprise
www.cengage.co.uk/oz
2
Objectives
  • Describe how the Web and high-speed Internet
    connections are changing business operations
  • Explain the functionality of various Web
    technologies
  • Compare and contrast options for Web servers
  • Explain basic business-to-business and
    business-to-consumer practices on the Web
  • Explain the relationship between Web technologies
    and supply chain management

3
Objectives (continued)
  • Give examples of features and services that
    successful business Web sites offer
  • Learn about online annoyances such as spam and
    adware, and how to protect against online
    identity theft

4
Web Business Growing and Changing
  • Blockbuster faced competition from Netflix,
    LOVEFiLM and Walmart.com
  • Online rentals
  • E-commerce bandwagon
  • Digitized movies in the future
  • Download movie to PC

5
Web Technologies A Review
  • Several standards standards and technologies
    enable the Web to deliver rich information
  • HTTP, HTML, XML
  • File Transfer
  • RSS (Really Simple Syndication)
  • Blogs
  • Podcasting
  • IM (Instant Messaging)
  • Cookies

6
HTTP
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) transfer and
    download Web information
  • HTTPS HTTP secure
  • Uniform Resource Locator (URL) unique address
    given to each Web server
  • IP address
  • Domain name constructed with letters
  • URL also refers to the domain name

7
HTML and XML
  • Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) helps developer
    create Web pages
  • Determines look and location of content
  • Extensible Markup Language (XML) enables
    creation of various data types
  • XHTML combination of XML and HTML
  • Uses opening and closing tags to control format

8
File Transfer
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) transmit whole
    files
  • Used in all downloads
  • Any type of file
  • Place file on server for shared use
  • Post files on Web sites for download sales

9
RSS
  • Really Simple Syndication (RSS) family of XML
    file formats
  • Helps users check updates
  • Communicates short descriptions of content
  • Allows transmittal of new info
  • Useful on news Websites

10
Blogs
  • Blog contraction of Web log
  • Invites surfers to post opinions and art
  • Focuses on topic or set of topics
  • Trackback notifies bloggers about updates to post
    usage on Web
  • Used by business

11
Podcasting
  • Podcast publishing sound
  • Usually voice
  • Post digital audio file on site
  • Listen to radio show anytime
  • Garageband.com
  • Allows aspiring musicians to post tracks

12
Instant Messaging
  • Instant messaging (IM) real-time chat
  • Synchronized e-mail
  • Chat with group is known as chat room
  • Free applications
  • AOL instant Messenger
  • Yahoo Messenger
  • MSN Messenger
  • In business
  • Chat with sales representative

13
Cookies
  • Cookie file that remembers information about
    surfer
  • Record surfer ID
  • Figures out preferences
  • Provides convenience to consumers
  • Temporary cookies installed for single session
  • Allows for intrusion into privacy
  • Clickstream tracking track clicking activities
  • Spyware trace and report online behaviour

14
Proprietary Technologies
  • Proprietary Technology intellectual property of
    developer
  • Local search engine
  • Shopping cart applications
  • Wish lists

15
Options in Establishing a Web Site
  • Web site Web pages that make up information and
    links
  • Needs Internet server
  • Computer connected to Internet backbone
  • Business can
  • Install own server
  • Contract server

16
Owning and Maintaining a Server
  • Maintaining server is costly option
  • Greatest degree of control
  • Requires expertise to set up
  • Load balancing transfer data from busy server to
    less busy server
  • Mirrors servers with duplicated content
  • Pure-play entire business online
  • Brick-and-mortar owns physical stores

17
Using a Hosting Service
  • Web hosting Web server managing service
  • Shared hosting store client Web site on same
    physical server as other clients
  • Virtual private hosting simulate single server
  • Dedicated hosting own entire physical server
  • Co-location server co-located with other clients
    and host

18
Considerations in Selecting a Web Host
  • Hosts compared using point system
  • Host should allow DBMS
  • Dynamic Web pages enable communication between
    browser and database
  • Storage space factor
  • Technical support
  • Fees for Web traffic
  • Scalability

19
Considerations in Selecting a Web Host (continued)
  • Factors to consider when selecting Web host
  • Help with page design
  • Security
  • Availability
  • Minimize downtime
  • Cost
  • Setup fee
  • Monthly fee

20
Considerations in Selecting a Web Host (continued)
21
More Than Meets the Eye
  • Several elements essential to business
  • Inquiry interface
  • Connected to database
  • Credit-card application
  • Verifies authenticity
  • Order-fulfillment system

22
More Than Meets the Eye (continued)
23
Web-Enabled Business
  • Web-enabled business classified according to
    interacting parties
  • Business-to-business
  • Business-to-consumer
  • Government-to-business
  • Government-to-consumer

24
B2B Trading
  • B2B forms
  • Advertising
  • Search engines advertise through search site
  • Banners images placed on Web site
  • Impression page with banner downloaded
  • Reach percentage percentage of Web users who
    visited site
  • Exchanges and auctions
  • Act as online marketplace
  • Online business alliances collaboration between
    businesses

25
B2B Trading (continued)
26
B2C Trading
  • E-Tailing
  • Shopping on the Web
  • Fulfillment activities
  • Picking
  • Packing
  • Shipping
  • Consumer profiling know customers better
  • Conversion rate proportion of site visitors who
    make purchase
  • Auctions and reverse auctions
  • Site serves as auction hub
  • Name your own price at reverse auction

27
B2C Trading (continued)
  • Content providers
  • Information
  • Art
  • Classified Ads
  • Bill presentment and payment
  • Phishing type of fraud
  • Dispersed workforce
  • Purchase labour from larger pool
  • M-commerce
  • Business conducted on mobile devices

28
B2C Trading (continued)
29
Supply Chains on the Web
  • Supply chain management on Web
  • Extensive use of XML
  • Set standards for data formats
  • Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system used
    prior to Web
  • Suppliers can join company extranets

30
Supply Chains on the Web (continued)
31
Rules for Successful Web-based Business
  • Business success depends on availability and use
    of software
  • Several elements to consider to support B2C
    commerce

32
Target the Right Customers
  • Target customers needing products and services
  • Most important effort of marketing
  • Affects blogs and podcasting

33
Capture the Customers Total Experience
  • Use cookies
  • Record shopper movements
  • CRM software creates profiles
  • Shopper experience becomes asset of business
  • Tailor Web page to individual customers

34
Personalize the Service
  • CRM software and Web page customization software
    combined
  • Personalize Web pages
  • Select type of e-mail content
  • Respect of privacy issue
  • Allow customer to tailor products

35
Shorten the Business Cycle
  • Business on Web saves time
  • Fulfillment is major challenge for business
  • Activities after customer places order
  • Fast shipping desired
  • Gets results
  • Customer satisfaction
  • Faster collection of money

36
Let Customers Help Themselves
  • Customers need information from organisation
  • Status of order
  • Status of shipped item
  • Installation instructions
  • Troubleshooting
  • Email messages sent with information about orders
  • FAQs

37
Be Proactive and De-Commoditize
  • Prompt e-mail replies expected
  • Proactive alerts expected
  • Must take initiatives to de-commoditize products
  • Commodity product sold at roughly same price by
    many vendors
  • Addition of features prevents product from
    becoming commodity

38
E-Commerce is Every Commerce
  • Difficult to identify business activities on
    Internet
  • Web has been integrated into daily activities
  • Commerce and E-commerce generally the same thing

39
Summary
  • Some industries changed drastically because of
    Web
  • HTTP is Internet standard controlling Web server
    addresses
  • HTTPS has security features
  • Cookies help store state information about surfer
  • Many Web technologies are proprietary

40
Summary (continued)
  • Business can maintain its own server or use Web
    hosting services
  • organisations should consider several factors
    when selecting Web host
  • Web-enabled commerce classified into B2B and B2C
  • B2B trading relies on electronic data interchange
    (EDI) and XML

41
Summary (continued)
  • Wireless handheld computers allow mobile commerce
  • Online businesses must adhere to several factors
    to be successful
  • Spam and spyware are online annoyances
  • Phishing is a pervasive fraud crime
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