MONGOL INVASION

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION
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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Invasion
• Appeared suddenly in 1223, attacked in south
  then disappeared
• Reappeared in 1237, attacking Riazan from north
• Sacked Kiev in 1240
• 1237-1242 Under Batu Khan, ravaged all Russian
  lands

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Who were the Mongols?
• Mostly Tatars from Central Asia
• Consolidate empire expanded under Chingis Khan
• Sacked Kiev in 1240
• 1237-1242 Under Batu Khan, ravaged all Russian
  lands

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Russia under Mongol Rule
• Mongol overlordship
• Russian princes invested by Khan, paid tribute
• Appanage period
• Individual territorial rule
• Rise to prominence of
• Galicia Volynia (southeast)
• Rostov, Suzdal, Vladimir (northeast)
• Novgorod (north)

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Russia under Mongol Rule
• Population shift
• moved west northeast
• linguistic/ethnic differentiation
• Russian
• Ukrainian
• Belorussian

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Russia under Mongol Rule
• Internal division weakness
• External aggression conquest
• west southwest fell to Lithuanians, then Poles
• north subject to German (Teutonic), Swedish,
  Norwegian, Lithuanian attacks
• Relative isolation loss of international
  importance

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Social Structure
• Continuity change
• Princes
• Clergy Boyars now with votchina
• Freeservants (liudi)
• Traders, merchants, artisans
• Peasants
• Slaves (kholopy)

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Culture
• Mongols interfered little with Russian life
• But many consider it dark period
• education/literacy declined
• decline of towns meant urban culture
  deteriorated
• poverty political disunity
• Some advancements achievements occurred
  despite difficulties

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Culture
• Literature
• Written works diminished
• Oral tradition continued, but not on same level
  as Kievan

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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Culture
• Art
• Icon painting flourished developed
• Andrei Rublev (_at_1370-1430)

Archangel Michael - Rublev
The Trinity - Rublev
The Redeemer - Rublev
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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Culture
• Art
• Icon painting flourished developed
• Andrei Rublev (_at_1370-1430)
• Theophanes (late 14th early 15th c.)

Our Lady of the Don - Theophanes
The Dormition - Theophanes
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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Culture
• Art
• Icon painting flourished developed
• Andrei Rublev (c. 1370-1430)
• Theophanes (late 14th early 15th c.)
• Dionysius (c. 1440-1502)

The Crucifixion - Dionysius
John the Baptist - Dionysius
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MONGOL INVASION DOMINATION

• Culture
• Architecture
• Considered one of glories of period
• Most structures made of wood