Maps - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Maps

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DO Now List differences between latitude and longitude Why are there time zones on Earth? If it 2pm in New York State and California is 45 degrees west, what time is ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Maps


1
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2
DO Now
  • List differences between latitude and longitude
  • Why are there time zones on Earth?
  • If it 2pm in New York State and California is 45
    degrees west, what time is it in California?

3
Mapping the Earth
4
Measure the Earth
  • Relationship between altitude of Polaris and a
    persons latitude in the Northern Hemisphere
  • The true shape of Earth
  • Observations of the sky are affected by Earth
    rotations

5
Shape of the Earth
  • Perfect sphere-
  • Polar diameter equals equatorial diameter (PDED)
  • Earth has a slight bulge

6
Oblate Spheroid
  • flattened slightly at the poles and bulging at
    the equator
  • Polar Diameter12,715 km
  • Equatorial Diameter12,756km
  • Therefore ED gt PD

7
Proof that Earth is an Oblate Spheroid
  • Photographs from space (most direct)
  • Altitude of Polaris (north star)
  • Polaris is almost located directly over the North
    Pole
  • As an observer travels north or south the
    altitude of Polaris changes

8
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9
POLARIS (AKA North star)
10
More Proof
  • 3. Gravitational Measurements
  • Differences in weight of an object at the equator
    and the poles
  • 4. Early Observations
  • As a ship sails away from shore it appears to
    disappear from the bottom up

11
Determine Polaris
  1. Latitude is equal to the angle of Polaris in the
    Northern Hemisphere

12
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13
What is the latitude of the observer?
  1. 10 North
  2. 20 North
  3. 40 North
  4. 70 North

14
Polaris
  • Is always north of the north pole
  • It is a celestial object
  • It circumvents the Earth

15
Maps Projections
  • Latitude and Longitude
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