World Geography Chapter 1

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World GeographyChapter 1

• How Geographers Look at the World

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Five Themes of Geography

• Geography
• Greek word geographia
• A description of the earth
• Geography the study of the earth

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Location

• Location
• Ask yourself Where is it?
• Absolute Location
• Its precise position on the globe
• They use imaginary lines to determine absolute
  location
• Latitude and Longitude
• Written as coordinates (25N, 15W)
• Creates hemisphere
• two halves

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Location (continued)

• Latitude (flat, horizontal imaginary line)
• Circling the earth, parallel to the equator,
  measuring North and South
• Equator 0º latitude
• Longitude (long, vertical imaginary line)
• Lines from pole to pole measuring east or west
  from Prime Meridian
• Prime Meridian is over Greenwich, England

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Location (continued)

• Absolute location
• Can also give the exact location by using an
  address
• John Smiths house
• 234 Gulf Bank Rd.
• Houston, Tx 77039

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Location (continued)

• Relative Location
• Ask yourself Where is this in relationship to a
  person, place or thing?
• Ex.
• Ash Grove is NW of Springfield
• Campbell 16 is across from McDonalds off of
  Campbell Ave.
• Ms. Oldbergs desk is to the left of the yellow
  cabinet.

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Place
?2nd Theme

• Describes the characteristics of a location.
• Physical characteristics a description of the
  land.
• Ex mountains, rivers, beaches, as well as animal
  and plant life of a place.
• Human characteristics the human-designed
  features of a place
• Ex buildings, businesses, religion, food,
  transportation, and communication networks

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Human/Environment Interaction
?3rd Theme

• Ask yourself What is the relationship between
  people and their environment?
• Why do people visit Hawaii instead of Alaska?
• Ask yourself How do humans adapt?
• What changes were made in order to survive cold
  climates in the winter?
• Ask yourself How have they damaged the
  environment?
• Pollution?

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Movement
?4th Theme

• Ask yourself How are people and places
  connected?
• Transportation the movement of goods and
  services
• Vehicles, shipping, etc.
• Communication the movement of information and
  ideas
• Email, internet, phone, letter, etc

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Region
?5th Theme

• Region
• Description of areas based on different
  characteristics such as culture, climate,
  landforms, location, etc.
• Midwest called the Bread Basket
• Gulf Coast
• Four Regions of Texas
• Mountains and Basins
• Great Plains
• North Central Plains
• Coastal Plains

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Geography and Other Subjects

• Science and technology
• Scientific method
• GPS
• Google Earth
• History and political science
• Historical designs
• Past leaders
• Political boundaries

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Geography and Other Subjects (continued)

• Sociology and Anthropology
• Study of society and culture
• Economics
• How the location of resources affects the way
  people make, transport, and use goods

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Map Essentials

• Key/Legend
• Explains the symbols on a map
• Scale
• Used to determine the size of map, how far apart
  one place is from another
• Houston is 2,000 miles from Chicago
• Compass Rose
• Used to determine direction
• Cardinal Directions North, South, East, West
• Latitude and Longitude

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Map Types

• Physical Map
• Shows physical features of the Earths surface
• landforms
• Political Map
• Shows boundaries/borders
• Countries, states, cities, counties, etc.
• Special Purpose Map
• Every other kind of map
• Weather map, road map, school map,