Project Based Learning of the Engineering Method V: A Hemodialysis System Design Project

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Project Based Learning of the Engineering Method
V A Hemodialysis System Design Project

• Young Engineers and Scientists Seminars
• Historical Electronics Museum
• Taryn Melkus Bayles, Ph.D. and Tania
  Monterastelli
• Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department
• University of Maryland Baltimore County
• December 13, 2007

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Reach for the Stars! Design Challenge

• Design and construct a self supporting structure
  for the least amount of money
• Height (inches)
• Cost ()

Team Name Height (in) Cost () Bragging Rights
Team Ballin 66.75 3.25 20.5
Quanta 63 3.10 20.3
The Fluffy Giraffes 71 3.60 19.7
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EEK! Dont Let It Leak! Design Challenge

• Design and construct a device which will protect
  an egg when it is dropped from a 10 foot height.
• 1 .
• Mass (g) Cost ()

Team Name Mass (g) Cost () Bragging Rights
4 Asians A White Guy 5.9 0.06 2.825
The Alliance 5.04 0.08 2.480
DP2 5.86 0.08 2.133
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Separate This!! Design Challenge

• Design and construct a device or series of
  devices to separate the blue sand from the
  mixture while maximizing the amount of blue sand
  recovered
• Final Mass (g)
• Initial Mass (g)

Team Name Final Mass (g) Initial Mass (g) Bragging Rights
Sunnys 16.46 11.41 .693
MMB 17.41 10.01 .575
Asian, Jew, Hippee, Albino Guido 17.38 7.08 .407
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Snap Krackle and Pop!! Design Challenge

• Design and construct a device or series of
  devices to separate the Rice Krispies from the
  mixture of breakfast cereal while maximizing the
  amount of Rice Krispies recovered and minimizing
  cost

Team Name Recovery Cost () Bragging Rights
MMB 81.3 4 20.34
4 Asians A White Guy 71.8 4 17.95
We give up and went home 86.3 10 8.63
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YESS Program Mini Design Challenge Let It Flow!

• Design and construct an apparatus to transfer 500
  ml of water a distance of 4 feet as quickly as
  possible while minimizing the cost of the
  apparatus.
• Use only the materials provided
• Three different diameter tubing (each are 2 feet
  long), funnels, plastic ties, rubber hose
  connectors, empty 500 ml bottle
• You may not cut the tubing
• Final volume (ml) / initial volume (ml)
• time (s) x cost ()
  

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Let It Flow! Design Challenge
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Let it Flow!! Design Challenge

• Design and construct a device which will
  transport 500 ml of water a distance of 4 feet as
  quickly as possible.

Team Name Recovery Time (sec) Cost () Bragging Rights
Blood Donors 99 9 .90 0.122
The Alliance 100 8.8 1.05 0.108
Three Guys 100 11.41 1.02 0.086
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YESS Program Design Project www.yesshem.com

• Bragging Rights
• Removal of impurities (mg) x Dialysate index
  x System Index

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YESS Program Design Projectwww.yesshem.com

• How to Design a Hemodialysis System?
• Factors that influence system performance
• Diffusion of impurities
• Concentration
• Temperature
• Molecule size
• Dialysis membranes
• Pore size
• Surface area
• Simulated blood flow rate
• Dialysate flow rate
• Co-current/Counter-current flow

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YESS Program Design Projectwww.yesshem.com

• Hemodialysis System Product Performance Bragging
  Rights
• Impurity removal - mg x dialysate cost index x
  device cost index
• Cost Basis
• Choice of four membranes
• 6.37 mm Diameter 14000 MW cut off 3.05/ft
• 16 mm Diameter 14000 MW cut off 4.20/ft
• 12.1 mm Diameter and 3500 MW cut off 2.84/ft
• 16 mm Diameter and 3500 MW cut off 3.22/ft
• Dialysate cost is 20.00 per liter
• Cost index
• Dialysate cost index
• Minimum dialysate cost that meets design
  specifications
• Team dialysate
  cost
• Device cost index
• Minimum total system cost meets design
  specifications
• Team total
  system cost

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YESS Program Design Projectwww.yesshem.com

• How do you make the Simulated Blood and the
  Dialysate Flow?
• Pump
• Gravity
• Mathematical relationship
• Relates pressure, velocity and height
• Bernoulli equation

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YESS Program Design Project

• Removal of Impurities
• Tartrazine Dilution Standards

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YESS Program Design Project

• Removal of Impurities
• Visual Comparison is made
• Concentration x Dialysate Quantity

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YESS Program Design Project

• Examples of Hemodialysis Systems

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YESS Program Design Project

• Examples of Hemodialysis Systems

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YESS Program Design Project

• Examples of Hemodialysis Systems

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YESS Program Design Project
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YESS Program Design Project

• For Tonights YESS Design Session
• Design notebook
• Complete Hemodialysis Design Project Sheet
• Team Name, High School, Team Members Emails
• Purchase membrane
• Membrane pore size, diameter surface area,
  length, cost
• Each team will be given 500 ml of simulated blood
  for practice testing
• Old clothes
• Gloves
• How you will flow BOTH the blood and dialysate
• How will you determine the amount of impurities
  that you have removed?
• Volume of dialysate used
• Concentration of dialysate at end of testing