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Passive Smoking- Mostafa Mahmoud

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Title: Passive Smoking- Mostafa Mahmoud


1
Passive Smoking- Mostafa Mahmoud
2
Passive Smoking
3
Whats Passive Smoking?
4
Definition
  • Passive smoking is the involuntary inhalation by
    a nonsmoker of a combination of diluted
    sidestream smoke and mainstream smoke.
  • It occurs when tobacco smoke permeates any
    environment, causing inhalation by all people
    within that environment.

5
What is in the smoke?
6
Substances in the smoke
  • Tobacco smoke contains over 4000 chemicals in
    the form of particles and gases.
  • Of the 4,000 chemicals identified in SHS, 69 are
    carcinogens, including benzene, cadmium,
    formaldehyde and toluene.

7
Three main substances are found in the smoke
  • 1-Nicotine a powerful addictive drug. it
    stimulates the central nervous system. Nicotine
    is also an insecticide.
  • 2-Tar - a complex of mixture of chemicals many of
    which are know to cause cancer.
  • 3-Carbon monoxide - a gas that take the place of
    the oxygen in the blood and addition of 0.1 of
    CO to the air result in 50 HbO2 and 50 HbCO.

8
Other substances in the smoke
  • Benzene
  • Ammonia
  • Acetone
  • Cadmium
  • Hydrogen cyanide
  • Ethanol
  • Methanol

9
Substances in the smoke
  • The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the
    USA has classified environmental tobacco smoke as
    a class A carcinogen, ranking it alongside
    asbestos and arsenic.

10
Exposure toPassive Smoke
11
Definition
  • Passive smoking is the involuntary inhalation by
    a nonsmoker of a combination of diluted
    sidestream smoke and mainstream smoke.
  • It occurs when tobacco smoke permeates any
    environment, causing inhalation by all people
    within that environment.

12
Is it avoidable ?
  • Smoke clings to everything clothes, furniture,
    toys and gives off toxins for some time.
  • Nobody really knows how long the smoke stay in
    household objects.

13
What About ventilation?
  • ventilation systems cannot
  • remove secondhand smoke
  • from indoor environments.
  • Studies have shown that in order to reduce the
    toxins in SHS to harmless levels, one would need
    air exchange rates equivalent to tornado-force
    winds.

14
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15
Is there a safe level of exposure?
  • There is no evidence that there is a threshold
    below which second-hand smoke is considered
    harmless
  • Some of the chemicals found in cigarette smoke,
    such as 4-aminobiphenal, have been proven unsafe
    to humans at even the smallest level of exposure.

16
Exposure to passive smoking
  • In the U.S., 26 of the adult population are
    smokers, consuming more than 500 billion
    cigarettes annually, exposing 126 million
    nonsmoking Americans to secondhand smoke
  • Almost 60 of U.S. children aged 311 years are
    exposed to secondhand smoke
  • 25 of children aged 311 years live with at
    least one smoker.

17
But Does SHS Actually Cause Diseases?
  • Yes. And it can also kill you.

18
Current estimates of risk from passive smoking
are the equivalent of actively smoking one
cigarette per day
19
Effect of exposure toSMOKE
20
Effect of passive smoke
Long-Term
Short-Term
21
Short-Term Effect
  • Just 30 minutes exposure is enough to reduce
    coronary blood flow.
  • eye irritation, headache, cough, sore throat,
    dizziness and nausea.
  • Adults with asthma can experience a significant
    decline in lung function when exposed.

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Long-Term Effect
  1. Ischemic Heart Diseases.
  2. Lung Cancer
  3. Urinary bladder cancer.
  4. Middle Ear Diseases.

24
Believe IT or not !!!!!!
  • An hour in a room with a smoker is nearly
    hundred times more likely to cause lung cancer in
    a non smoker than 20 years spent in a building
    containing asbestos
  • Sir / Richard Doll ,1985

25
Effect on Children
26
Effect on children
  • Secondhand smoke exposure is responsible for
    150,000300,000 new cases of bronchitis and
    pneumonia in children aged less than 18 months
    annually.
  • Between 200,000 and 1,000,000 kids with asthma
    have their condition worsened by secondhand smoke
    every year.

27
Effect on children (Cont.)
  • 3.In France passive smoking has been estimated to
    cause between 3,000 and 5,000 deaths per year.
    Prime minister Dominique de Villepin said during
    his announcement of a nationwide smoking ban
    "That makes more than 13 deaths a day. It is an
    unacceptable reality in our country in terms of
    public health.

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30
Presented to you by
  • Mostafa Mahmoud Ahmed
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