Functions of the Cell Membrane

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ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CELL
Basic unit of all living things
TISSUE
Ex Muscle tissue nervous tissue
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ORGAN
A group of tissues that perform a specific
function
A group of organs or structures that perform a
specific function
SYSTEM
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HOMEOSTASIS
METABOLISM
Anabolism
Catabolism
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NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
Pancreas stops producing Insulin
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Anatomical position
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BODY CAVITIES
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MEDIAL
LATERAL
SUPERIOR
DISTAL
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MIDSAGITTAL
Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic
Diaphragm
Negative Feedback
The System that integrates coordinates
activities in the body is the
Nervous System
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CELL
-- called semi-permeable
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ENZYMES
The reverse of this process would occurs with the
breakdown of a substance
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CYTOPLASM
-- Control center
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Functions of Cell Organelles
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Site of aerobic cell respiration
-- ATP production
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Flagellum
Sweep material across the cell surface.
Synthesis of lipids
Site of protein synthesis
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WATER
Water outside the cell -- Extracellular
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Fluid within the cell -- Intracellular
DIFFUSION
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OSMOSIS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOLUTE AND WATER
CONCENTRATION IN A SOLUTION
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Isotonic
Hypotonic

Hypertonic
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Hypotonic
Name the type of solution cell has been placed in
Isotonic
Hypertonic
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Filtration
Active Transport
Requires energy -- ATP
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Phagocytosis
-- Cell Eating
Pinocytosis
-- Cell Drinking
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TISSUES
Also Classified as a. Simple
b. Stratified
c. Pseudostratified
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NERVOUS TISSUE --- NEURON
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MEMBRANES
Epithelial
2. Serous Membranes
--Lines closed cavities
a. Pleural
b. Pericardium
c. Peritoneum
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Visceral -- refers to organs
Parietal -- refers to linings of cavities
Connective
1. Fascial Membrane
2. Skeletal Membrane
-- covers bone cartilage
3. Synovial
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Chemistry
ATOM
Element
--made up of one type of atom
--105 different chemical elements
--can be a gas, liquid, or solid
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Elements are identified by
Name
Symbol
Atomic Number
-- determined by of protons
Atomic Weight
Isotope
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Molecule
-- when two or more atoms unite
-- may be alike (O2)
Compound
Ex. H2O HCL NaCl

Ionic Bonding
-- transfer of electrons
-- also called an Electrolyte
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Covalent Bonding


H2O
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INORGANIC MOLECULES VERSUS
ORGANIC MOLECULES
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PROTEIN
Amino Acids
Familiar roles of Protein

• Building new body tissue

• Repairing body tissue

--Some are Essential

• Regulating water balance

• Regulating acid-base balance

• Providing energy

• Providing resistance to disease

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FATS
-- some fatty acids are Essential
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pH SCALE
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Buffer System
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If the pH of the blood rises -- carbonic acid
(H2CO3) dissociates to release H (Hydrogen)
---- H HCO3- (bicarbonate ion)
If the pH of the blood lowers -- the bicarbonate
ion (HCO3-) combines with the excess Hydrogen
ions (H) to form Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)
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Ways to increase the Acidity of the Blood
1. Increase number of free-floating Hydrogen
ions.
3. Decrease the amount of Bicarbonate in the
blood.
Way to increase the Alkalinity of the Blood
1. Decrease number of free-floating Hydrogen
Ions.
3. Increase the amount of Bicarbonate in the
blood.