???? DOS MS-Windows UNIX Linux

1
??? ??????

• ??????????
• ??????
• ??????
• ??????
• ????
• ?????
• ????

2
??????????

• ????
• ????
• ????? ????????
• ????????????
• ?????????
• ????
• ???? DOS MS-Windows UNIX Linux
• ???? Visual C VB PASCAL ...
• ???? GKS PHIGS OPEN GL ...
• ???? CorelDraw, AutoCAD ...

3
????
????
4
??????

• CRT (Cathod-Ray Tube)??? To 8-9
• ??????? Vector / Random Display to 15
• ??????--- Storage Tube Display To 6
• ???????---Raster Display to 17
• ?????
• ????? To 17
• ??????? to 21
• ?????? To 26

5
CRT?????
6
CRT????
7
???CRT????

• ??
• ????
• ?????????????
• ????
• ????
• XY?????
• ?????????,??
• ????
• ?????,???????????
• ??????????????
• ???? ?????????1/10???
• ?? 30?(1/30?)
• ???( resolution) Pixel ?2.5

8
(No Transcript)
9
??CRT???

• ?????
• ???
• RGB?????
• ??
• ???
• ???

10
(No Transcript)
11
??????Raster Scan Display

• ??
• CPU-?????-????-?????-??
• ??? Frame Buffer
• ???????
• ?,RGB??
• ????(1 bit ????)
• ?????? (?? 8bit 256?)
• RGB????
• ???
• ????
• ??? Color Table
• ???? ??????

R G B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1
12
??????
??
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
?????
(x,y)
(x,y)
768
???
1024
Frame Buffer
????????????????? ???????????????
13
28
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
R G B
0
??
20
(x,y)
(x,y)
768
?
1024
255
24 bit
color lookup table
?????(color lookup table) ????????????????? ??
?????????????
14
?????display controller

• ??????????

Video controller
memory
Frame Buf.
CPU
BUS
I/O??
15
??????????
y
(x,y)
???????
x

• x
• ???

y ???
?? ??
?????
?????
?????
??
???
16
?????????

• ????? Displays Processor ???CPU
• ?????? Scan conversion
• ?????

17
???????Random scan displays

• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????????
• ??????,???

18
??????Random-scan

• CRT??????????,????.
• CPU--????--DPU--SCREEN
• ????
• ????
• ?????
• ?????

I/O??
19
????????ES Tornado

• ??????1920 x 1200
• (24?????,24?Z-??)
• ???? 2048 x 768
• 3D?? 5M/s
• 3D??? 5M/s
• ???? 100M??/s

20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
????

• ??
• ??????---????
• ??????---????
• ??????????
• ?????
• ??????
• ????????
• ??????

25
????

• ?????( Graphics Server)
• ????????????
• ???(Client)
• ??????????????????????????????

26
?????????

• ???????????????
• ??????????????
• ?????????
• ?????????

27
???????

• GKS (2D,3D)
• PHIGS
• OpenGL
• ??

28
?????????
Initial Graphics Exchange System
IGES,STEP
????
???
Standard for the Exchange ofProduct model Data
I
GKS, PHIGS, OpenGL
????
CGI
?? ??
?? ??
?? ??
??? ????
??? ????
CGM
29
????????GKS-Graphics Kernal System

• ???
• ???,???,??/???,?????,?????,????????
• ???
• ????? MC(Modeling Coordinates)
• ????? WC(World Coordinates)
• ????????(Viewing Coordinates)
• ????????NDC(Normalized Device Coordinate)
• ?????DC(Device Coordinate)

30

• ????
• ??????? WC NDC
• ??????? NDC DC
• ?????????
• ??????
• ?? Polyline
• ???? Polymarker
• ?? Text
• ??? Fill Area
• ???? Cell Array
• ???? Generalized Drawing Primitive
• ?? Segment
• ?????????????????????

31
??????

• ???? Locater
• ???? Stroke
• ???? Valuator
• ???? Choice
• ???? Pick
• ????? String

32
PHIGS(PHIGS )Programmers Hierarchical
Interactive Graphics System

• ???????
• ????????
• ?????
• ????
• CGI
• CGM Computer Graphics Metafile

33
OpenGL

• ???????????????
• ??? (gl)
• ????,??????????????.
• OpenGL Utility glu 2????????
• OpenGL Utility Toolkit glut ????,???????,????
• ???OS???MS windows WGL

34
OpenGL??

• ?? 3??????
• ?? ??????????????????????(???????????)????????
  ?(?? Bezier???????)????
• ?? ?????????
• ??????
• ????????????(Emitted Light)????(Ambient
  Light)?????(Diffuse Light)????(Specular
  Light)?????????
• ????(Texture Mapping)
• ???????????(Blending)????(Antialiasing)??(fog)????
  ?????
• ?????(Double Buffering)

35
OpenGL ????????

• ?Microsoft?SGI?IBM?DEC?SUN?HP ????
• OpenGL for MSWindows ??? OpenGL??????100?????
• ???????115?,?????????,????gl,
• OpenGL???(OpenGL utility library,GLU)?????????,???
  ?????????????????????,??43?,???glu
• OpenGL???(OpenGL auxiliarylibrary,GLAUX)??????????
  ?,??????????????????????????????,??31?,???aux?