POPULATION PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURE :

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POPULATION PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURE

• Dispersal, Establishment, and The Ecological Niche

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• The Agroecosystem must be viewed as a collection
  of interacting population of many kinds of
  organisms, including crop and noncrop species,
  plants and animals and microorganisms

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Principles of Population Ecology and Plant
Demography

• Agroecosystem is made up of complex interaction
  between many populations of organisms, an
  agroecological approach requires a broader
  analysis

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Rantai makanan dan Tingkat Trophic
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Masalah utama dalam ekologi populasi
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Prinsip dasar Ekologi Populasi

• Pertumbuhan populasi
• Kolonisasi

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Pertumbuhan Populasi
r (N I) (M E)
Intrinsic rate of population increase
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Perubahan populasi
Model Eksponensial
Model Logistik
dN K- N N
r N ( ) rN (1 - ) dt
K K
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• Density Independent Mortality
• mortality is not related to host density

• Density dependent mortality
• As host population increases, mortality
  increases related relationship

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Kolonisasi

• Tahapan Kolonisasi
• Dispersal
• Establishment
• Growth
• Reproduction

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Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan kolonisasi

• Life-History Strategies
• r- and K- Selection Theory
• Stress/Disturbance-Intensity Theory

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r-selected/strategists

• temporary habitat
• high reproductive rate
• highly mobile
• allocation energy to reproduction

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K-selected/strategists

• specific, permanent habitat
• low reproductive rate
• less mobility
• ability to compete
• allocation energy to growth

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Life history strategies based on stress and
disturbance levels in the environment
High stress Low stress
High Disturbance Plant mortality Ruderals (R)
Low Disturbance Stress tolerators (S) Competitors (C)
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Ecological Niche

• Konseptualisasi niche (relung)
• Amplitudo niche (relung)
• Keanekaragaman relung dan tumpang-tindih

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Penerapan teori relung untuk pertanian

• Promoting or inhibiting establishment of weedy
  species
• Biological Control Of Insect Pests
• Design Of Intercropping System