CROSS TABLES TWO AND MULTIWAY GRAPHS

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CROSS TABLES TWO AND MULTIWAY GRAPHS
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MARGINAL TABLE
Marginal table gives us the distribution of n
observations among classes or subgroups of a
single variable.
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Example
The distribution of 60 infants according to their
birthweights
Bithweight Frequency Relative Freq. ()
lt2500 gr 14 23.33
?2500 gr 46 76.67
Total 60 100.00
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CROSS TABLE
Cross table gives us the distribution of n
observations among classes or subgroups of two or
more variables simultaneously.
Cross table shows the relationship between these
variables if it exists.
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In these tables, generally there are two kinds of
variables

• Dependent (output)variable
• Independent (input)variable

The easiest way to identify the independent
variable and dependent variable is to ask the
question Which variable depends on which?
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6000
5000
13
4000
BWT
3000
2000
1000
24
36
N
Smoking
Not smoking
SMOKE
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5000
4000
MEAN1SD
3000
2000
24
36
N
Smoking
Not smoking
SMOKE
12
6000
5000
4000
BWT
3000
2000
1000
Smoking
Nonsmoking
SMOKE
13
BWT
lt2500
gt2500
Total
History of hypertansion
SMOKE
Count

Count

Count

Not present
Not smoking
2
6,7
28
93,3
30
100,0
Present
3
50,0
3
50,0
6
100,0
Total
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13,9
31
86,1
36
100,0
Not present
Smoking
2
14,3
12
85,7
14
100,0
Present
7
70,0
3
30,0
10
100,0
Total
9
37,5
15
62,5
24
100,0
14
BWT
History of hypertansion
SMOKE
N
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Std. Dev.
Not present
Not smoking
30
2300
4990
3458,0
647,4
Present
6
1588
4360
2872,5
1097,4
Total
36
1588
4990
3360,4
753,9
Not present
Smoking
14
2410
4250
3116,2
572,5
Present
10
1790
2960
2356,5
412,0
Total
24
1790
4250
2799,7
630,9
Not present-
Total
44
2300
4990
3349,3
638,5
Present
16
1588
4360
2550,0
754,9
Total
60
1588
4990
3136,1
754,4
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Population, Turkey in 1965 and 1995
1965
1995
Age
Male
Female
Male
Female
0-4
14,7
14,7
10,6
10,5
5-9
15,1
14,6
10,6
10,3
10-14
12,9
11,7
10,9
10,6
15-19
9,7
8,9
10,8
10,6
20-24
7,6
7,4
9,8
9,6
25-29
6,6
7,6
8,5
8,4
30-34
7,1
7,4
8,1
7,9
35-39
6,3
6,1
7
6,8
40-44
4,4
4,4
5,8
5,6
45-49
2,8
2,8
4,6
4,5
50-54
3,8
3,8
3,4
3,6
55-59
2,8
2,7
2,9
3,2
60-64
2,8
3,3
2,8
3,0
65-69
1,6
1,8
2,1
2,5
70-74
0,9
1,4
1,2
1,4
75
0,9
1,4
1
1,4
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Population Pyramid of Turkey, 1965
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Population Pyramid of Turkey, 1995
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Population Pyramid of Turkey, 1965
Population Pyramid of Turkey, 1995
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SCATTER PLOT
Scatter plots illustrate the relationship between
two characteristics when both are measured on a
numerical scale.
The characteristic hypothesized to explain or
predict or the one that occurs first
(independent) is placed on x-axis. The
characteristic or outcome to be explained or
predicted or one that occurs second (dependent)
is placed on y-axis.
Each observation is represented by a small circle.
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Example Ages and sistolic blood pressures of 10
patients are given in the following table
Patients Patients Patients Patients Patients Patients Patients Patients Patients Patients
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Age, x 48 47 63 71 54 84 56 69 71 38
SBP, y 68 83 94 90 90 80 100 86 98 71
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y68
x48
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HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE FOR AGE- GIRLS (TURKEY)
Head Circumference
Head Circumference
AGE (MONTHS)