?????? ????G??F?? (OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAP?Y)

1
?????? ????G??F??(OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAP?Y)

• ?????S?S ?O?S???????S
• 09102275
• ????T. ??T?G????? ?.???????????
• 4/4/06

2
???????????

1. ??S?GOG?
2. F?S???S ????S ??? ???????G??
3. ?F????G?S
4. S?G???S? ?? ????S ??T????S ????????S?S
5. ?????????? ????????

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1. ??S?GOG?

• ?????? e?????e?a? ß???at???? µ??f? ape?????s??.
• ??apt?????e st?? a???? t?? de?aet?a? t?? 90.
• ???at?t?ta ??a µ? epeµßat???, in situ ape?????s?
  t?? µ????d?µ?? t?? ?st??, µe d?a???t??? ??a??t?ta
  µ????te?? t?? 1µm.
• ?????? ???s?µ?p??????a? d??d?? ?pe?f?ta??e?a?
  (SLDs) sa? ?pt???? p????.
• ?pt??? s???s? t?? de??µat?? µe ?pe?ß?a?? pa?µ?
  d?sµ?? laser, a????as? t?? f?t?? ?a? ???????
  e?t?p?sµ?? t?? µe ???s? s?µß???µet??a? .
• ?pe?????s? st?? ???µa?a t?? ??????? ? se
  ?e?d????µa.

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2. F?S???S ????S ??? ???????G??

• H ??tas? t?? f?t?? p?? f???e? st?? a????e?t?
  d??eta?
• ap? t? s??s?
• Ia????.¼Ea?af.²¼E?st??.²½G(Ea?af.,E?st??.)c
  os(2k?l)
• ?p??
• Ea?af. to ped?o t?? d?sµ?? a?af????
• E?st??. t? ped?? t?? d?sµ?? t?? ?st??-de??µat??
• G(Ea?af.,E?st??.) ? s?s??t?s? t?? ped???
  a?af????
• ?a? ?st??
• k2p/? t? ??µat???sµa
• ?l ? s?et??? d?af??? d??µ?? µeta?? t?? ???d??
  a?af????
• ?a? de??µat??
• ???? s?ed?se?? ? p?e????f?a t?? f?t????? p??
  e?s?????ta? st?? ?st? de? f?????? p?t? st??
  a????e?t?.
• S?µß?????? e??s??t??? µ??? ta f?t???a p?? ?????
  d?at???se? t? f?s? t??? ?a? ß??s???ta? µ?sa st?
  ?????? e???? t?? pa?µ?? a?af????.
• F?t???a µe t??a?e? f?se?? ? p?? ß??s???ta? e?t??
  t?? e????? t?? a????e?t? ap?te???? µ?a sta?e??
  s???st?sa ????ß??.

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• ?et? ap? ??a ß???? (z) s???s??, ? a?t??a
  sa???eta?
• st?? e????s?a ?ate????s? (x) ?a? e?te????ta?
  p???ap???
• a??????? µet??se??.
• ?a???eta? µ?a d?sd??stat? se??? st???e???.
• ?µ???? ? a?t??a sa???eta? ?a? st?? t??t? d??stas?
  (y).
• ??a ??a se??? st???e??? s?????eta? d?aµ??f????ta?
  ?ts?
• ??a t??sd??stat? ????.
• G?????? s???s?
• G?a ?a d?at??e?ta? µ?a a?a????a
  s?µat??/????ß? sta 100-110dB apa?te?ta? p??? µe
  ?s?? e??d?? 5-10mW µe t?? ?p??a µp????? ?a
  ap??t????? e????e? µe a????s?
• 250-500 pixels a?? de?te???ept?.
• ?p????µe ?a ape?????s??µe t? ?e?t?????a t??
  ?a?d?a??? ßa?ß?d??!

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• ? s?????? pe????? t?? ??e?t??µa???t???? f?sµat??
  p?? ???s?µ?p??e?ta? e??a? t? ???t??? ?p??????
  (0,8µm-1,3µm) d??t? a) e?asfa???eta? ? e????st?
  d??at? ap????f?s? t?? p??sp?pt??sa? a?t???ß???a?
  ap? t??? ?st??? ?a? ß) st?? pe????? a?t? ?p??????
  p????? p???? f?t?? µe µ???? µ???? s?µf???a? (p.?
  d??d??? laser titanium sapphire TiAl2O3
  0.7µm-1.1µm).
• ????? d?e?sd?s?? µ???? ??µat?? ?
• Se d?afa?e?? ?st??? p.? µ?t? 800nm
• Se ad?afa?e?? ?st??? p.? d??µa 1300nm
  ??a???t??? ??a??t?ta
• 
  ??????? t?? µ?????
  s?µf???a? t?? p????
• 
  ?z ?²/?? ?p??

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• ?? ß???? ape?????s?? e?a?t?ta? ap? t??
  ?pt??? ap????f?s? ?a? t?? s?edast???? ?d??t?te?
  t?? ?st??/de??µat??.
• ? d?e?sd?s? ape?????s?? ??µa??eta? ap? de??de?
  ?????st? ??a d?afa?e?? ?st??? µ????
• ????te?? ap? 3mm ??a ?d?a?te?a s?edast?????
  ?st???.

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• ????S ???????S ????????S?S
• 1) Doppler OCT
• ?????µe??? s?edast?? a????e???ta? µ?sa
  st? de??µa µe te?????? µetat?p?s?? f?s??.
• ??t??s? t?? ???? ?e?st?? µ?sa se µ???? t????e?d?
  a??e?a p.? st? d??µa, t?? aµf?ß??st??e?d? ?a? t??
  ?a?d?a.
• 2) PS-OCT (polarization sensitive)
• ?????? d?ateta?µ???? ?st?? ?p?? ? µ??, ?
  ???d???, t? st??µa ?pt???? ?e???? t??
  aµf?ß??st??e?d? e??a? d?p????ast???? ?a? a???????
  t?? ?at?stas? p???s?? t?? f?t??. ?e t?? te?????
  a?t? µet????ta? ?a? p?s???????ta? ??
  d?p????ast???? ?d??t?te? t?? ?st??.
• ?????e???ta? d?p????ast???? a??a??? p?? ?p??????
  pa????????? a??a???, e??p??s? as?e?e??? ?a?
  ?e?µ???? a??a??? st??? ?st???.
• 3) Spectroscopic OCT
• ?? fasµat?s??p???? p????f???e?
• e?????ta? ap? t? de??µa efa?µ????ta?
• ??f?a???? a??????µ??? epe?e??as?a?
• s?µat?? ??a ?a µetas??µat?st??? ta
• st???e?a ap? t?? ?????? pe????? st??
• pe????? t?? s????t?ta? (fasµat???).
• ?????e???ta? a??a??? st??
• fasµat?s??p???? ?d??t?te? t?? ?st??.

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3. ?F????G?S

1. ?f?a?µ?????a
2. ?a?d??????a
3. ????????a
4. Gast?e?te??????a
5. ????????? ?????s??p?s?

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?f?a?µ?????a

• ?ta?e ? p??t? ??????? efa?µ??? ??a t?? ?pt???
  t?µ???af?a.
• ?? d?afa?e?? ?st?? t?? µat??? ep?t??p??? t??
  ape?????s? t?? eµp??s??a? ?f?a?µ???? d?µ?? ?a?
  t?? aµf?ß??st??e?d?.
• ?µp??s??a ?f?a?µ??? d?µ?
• ???a??? st?? ?e?at?e?d? ??t??a.
• ???a??? st?? ???t?t?ta ? d?a??ast???
• ??a??t?ta µet? ap? laser ? ?e??????????
• epeµß?se??.
• ??e?e? a??a??? ???? ??a???µat?? ?
• ?ata????t?.
• ?µf?ß??st??e?d??
• ?pe?????s? t?? µe ???s? PS-OCT.
• ?d??at? µ???? s?µe?a µe ???? µ???d?.
• Saf?? s??a???f?s? t?? µeµ???µ????
  aµf?ß??st??e?d???? st??µ?t??.
• ?p?aµf?ß??st??e?de?? a??a??? p?? s??d???ta? µe
  ????d???? t??pe?, ????d??? ??d?µa ?a?
  a?µ???a??e?.
• ?pe?????s? t?? aµf?ß??st??e?d???? ???? a?µat?? µe
  ???s? Doppler OCT.

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b) ?a?d??????a

• ?a???s?a ?d?a?te?a s?edast???? a?µat??.
• ?fa?µ????ta? es?te????? te?????? ???s?µ?p????ta?
  e????st??? ?????? ap? a?at??e?? ??a ?a ?a?a??se?
  p??s????? t?? pe?????? ape?????s?? ap? t? a?µa.
• ??????s? t?? st??µ?t?? t??
• a?t???a??? t????µat?? ?a? t??
• pa????????? a??a??? p?? eµfa?????ta?
• ???? t?? a????s??????s??.
• ?pe?????s? t?? p?a?t???? t??
• a??e??p?ast???? ?a? t?? a????µat?? µe
• da?t???d? t?? ste?eµ???? stefa??a???
• a?t????? ??a ep?ßeßa??s? t?? t?p???t?s??
• t?? da?t???d??? st? s?st? s?µe?? t??
• a?t???a??? t????µat??.
• ?pe?????s? f?e?µ???d?? ??tt???? st?
• stefa??a?a a?t???a p?? ?p?d??????? t??
• a??pt??? as???e?a?.

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c) ????????a

• ??????s? t?? µ??f???????? d?µ?? t?? ?a??????? ?a?
  ?e?p?asµat???? ?st??.
• In situ p??sd????sµ?? t?? ????? ?a? t??
  pe???????? t???.
• ???s? se e?????-?a??d???µ??e? ?e??????????
  d?ad??as?e? (??e???? ??a t?? afa??es? ?????????
  t?? ??tas?? t?? ?????).
• ???sd????sµ?? t?? p??sfat?? µ??f???????? a??a???
  t?? a??µa??? ??tt???? p?? ß??s???ta? µa???? ap?
  t?? a????? ???? (µet?stas? t?? ?????).

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d) Gast?e?te??????a

• ? ??s?f???? t?? Barrett e??a? µ?a ?at?stas? ?p??
  ta ??tta?a t?? a??a??? ??s?f???? ?p?ß?????ta? se
  µ?a µetap?ast??? a??a?? ?a? ?????ta? ?µ??a µe ta
  ??tta?a RES t?? ?aµ???te??? ?ast?e?te?????
  ??µµat???. Te??e?ta? ?t? p???a?e?ta? ap?
  ?ast????s?fa???? a?t?st??f? ???? ?????.
• ?e??te? ????? ?atade??e? ?t? p???a?e? 30-125
  f???? a???s? t?? ???d???? ??a a??pt???
  ade???a?????µat??.
• S?st??eta? e?d?s??p??? ep?t???s? t?? ep???????
  Barrett ???e 12-18 µ??e?.

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e) ????????? ?????s??p?s?

• ? s??d?asµ?? t?? s?µf???? p???? laser t??
  s?st?µat?? t?? ?pt???? t?µ???af?a? (OCT) µe
  µ????s??p?a µe????? a???µ?t???? a????µat??
  ep?t??pe? µe???? e????s?a ?a? a?????? a????s?
  ape?????s?? ßa??? µ?sa se ?d?a?te?a s?edast???
  de??µata. ??t? ? µ???d?? ??e? ????e? ?? s?µf???
  ?pt??? µ????s??p?s? (OCM).
• ?pe?????s? ??tta????? d?ad??as??? ?p?? ? µ?t?s?
  ?a? ? µe??s?.

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4. S?G???S? ?? ????S ????????S????S ??T????S

1. ?p?????st??? t?µ???af?a
2. ?a???t??? t?µ???af?a
3. ?pe????t?µ???af?a
4. ??µ???af?a e?p?µp?? p???t?????? (PET)
5. ??µ???af?a e?p?µp?? f?t????? (SPECT)

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• ?p?????st??? t?µ???af?a
• ????d?? p???????? ?at?????.
• ?? µet??s?µ? µ??e??? e??a? ? e?as????s? t??
  a?t????-X p?? d??????ta? µ?sa ap? t??? ?st???.
• ?iNoexp(-µ?x) ?p??
• N???tas? a?t??a?-X e?s?d??
• ?i??tas? a?t??a?-X e??d??
• µs??te?est?? e?as????s?? ?st??
• ?xµ???? d???e?s?? µ?sa st?? ?st?
• ?????te?? d?a???t??? ??a??t?ta ?a? µ????te??
  ta??t?ta s???s??.
• ?p?ß?aß?? ???? t?? ???t????sa? a?t???ß???a? p??
  ???s?µ?p??e?.
• ????? ??st??.
• ?a???t??? t?µ???af?a (Magnetic resonance imaging)
• ? ape?????s? µe µa???t??? s??t???sµ? ßas??eta?
  st? d???e?s? p?????? ?d???????.
• ?? µet??s?µ? µ??e??? e??a? ? ?????? p??
  apa?te?ta? ??a t?? epa?af??? t?? d?aµ?????
  s???st?sa? t?? µa???t?s?? st?? a????? t?? t?µ?.
  ???µ??eta? ?????? d?aµ????? ?a????s?? ?a? ? t?µ?
  t?? e?a?t?ta? ap? t?? t?p? t?? ?st??.
• ????? d?a???t??? ??a??t?ta.
• ????? ??st??.

No
Ni
µ
?x
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• c) ?pe????t?µ???af?a
• ???? µe s????t?ta 1MHzltflt20MHz.
• S???s? t?? ?st?? ?a? a????as? t?? ?pe????t????
  d?sµ??
• IIoexp(-µx)
• ??e? 1-2 t??e?? µe?????? µ????te?? ?????? a????s?
  ap? t?? ?pt??? t?µ???af?a.
• ?pa?te? epaf? µe t? de??µa d??t? ? ???? de?
  d?aß?ß??eta? e????a µ?s? t?? a??a.
• G?????? s???s?.
• S?et??? ?aµ???? ??st???.

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• d) PET
• ????d?? p???????? ?at?????.
• ??????s? ?ad??fa?µ????.
• ?as??eta? st? fa???µe?? t??
• e?a???s??.
• ?????e?s? a?t???ß???a?-? 511keV.
• ?aµ???? d?a???t???? ??a??t?ta?.
• ?a???e? p????f???e? ?e?t???????? d?ast????t?ta?.
• e) SPECT
• ????d?? p???????? ?at?????.
• ??????s? ?ad??fa?µ????.
• ?????e?s? a?t???ß???a?-? ?aµ???? e????e?a?.
• ?pe?????s? es?te????? ???????
• ????? t? ???s? e?d?s??p???.

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5. ?????????? ????????

• ??T???OS? S??S ???????S ?F????G?S ??S
  ????????G??S, ?G????G??S ??? G?S??????????G??S.
• ???????? ??O? ??GO? LASER G?? ?? ???S???????T???
  G?? ??? ???S??S? ??S ????T?S?S S??? ????????S?
  ?O? ?S?O? ??? ?????????OS G?? ?? ????????
  ???????G???S ?????F????S ??? ???G????S.
• ????????S? ??S ???????G??S
• ??? ?G??F????

Mapping Brain Function
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• FUTURE (2054)Image Thoughts of PreCogs.
  "Pre-Crime" Spielberg et al, "Minority Report"
  (2002)

????S
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• ??????G??F??
• ?fa?µ???? t?? Laser st? ????at???? ?a? t?
  ?e??ß?????, ???????? ?et?f?as? ?.Se?afet???d??
  ?a? ?.?a???p?????.
• ?.???ts?????, ?.????ta, S.?a???p??????at????
  ?pe?????st??? S?st?µata.
• ?.?.Ga??? ???t????se? ??t???ß???e?.
• Minerva Biotecnologica Optical Coherence
  Tomography, Principles applications and
  advances.
• Journal of Biomedical Optics Optical probes and
  techniques for molecular contrast enhancement in
  coherent imaging.
• http//lob.epfl.ch/page45967-en.html.
• http//www.columbia.edu/ ahh2004/projects/tomogra
  phy.