Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Introduction to Cloud Computing
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Content

• What is cloud computing
• Cloud computing discriminate
• Cloud computing technology
• Cloud computing products and market

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Cloud Computing new IT buzzword

• Cloud computing, at backside of this buzzword, is
  a concept like the flower in the glass. Every
  enterprise and person, want to explain this
  concept by their own benefits. But, if give a
  neutral definition to it, begin it here.

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Cloud computing definition

• Cloud computing is a resource delivery and usage
  model, it means get resource (Hardware,
  software)via network. The network of providing
  resource is called Cloud. The hardware resource
  in the Cloud seems scalable infinitely and can
  be used whenever.

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Cloud computing and technology

• New advances in processors, virtualization
  technology, distributed storage, broadband
  Internet access , automated management and fast,
  inexpensive servers have all combined to make
  cloud computing a compelling paradigm.This vast
  process power is usually got with a distributed,
  large-scale server cluster and server
  virtualization software.

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Cloud computing impact

• As a result, cloud computing has the potential to
  upend the software industry entirely, as
  applications are purchased, licensed and run over
  the network instead of a user's desktop. This
  shift will put data centers and their
  administrators at the center of the distributed
  network, as processing power, electricity,
  bandwidth and storage are all managed remotely.
  It affects not only business models, but the
  underlying architecture of how we develop,
  deploy, run and deliver applications.

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Content

• What is cloud computing
• Cloud computing discriminate
• Cloud computing technology
• Cloud computing products and market

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Cloud computings brother buzzwords

• Cloud computing is becoming one of the next
  industry buzz words. And it has more or less
  relation with these words grid computing,
  utility computing, virtualization, server
  cluster, Dedicated server, Colocation. Cloud
  computing infrastructure usually use
  virtualization technology, and is built based on
  a server cluster, have nature relation to grid
  computing and utility computing, and is use to
  compete with Dedicated server and Colocation.

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Utility computing

• Utility computing is a business model of
  providing computing resource, user get and use
  the computing resource from service provider and
  pay for practically used resource. To say it
  simply, it is a price model based on resource
  usage quantity. The main benefit of utility
  computing is better economics. Corporate data
  centers are notoriously underutilized, with
  resources such as servers often idle 85 percent
  of the time. This is due to overprovisioning
  buying more hardware than is needed on average in
  order to handle peaks (such as the opening of the
  Wall Street trading day or the holiday shopping
  season), to handle expected future loads and to
  prepare for unanticipated surges in demand.
  Utility computing allows companies to only pay
  for the computing resources they need, when they
  need them.

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Comparison of Utility Computing and Cloud
Computing

• Utility computing is a business model, it is a
  type of price model to deliver application
  infrastructure resource. Cloud computing is a
  computing model, relates to the way we design,
  build, deploy and run applications that operate
  in a sharing resources and boasting the ability
  to dynamically grow, shrink and self-heal.
  Utility computing is often need a cloud computing
  infrastructure, but not must need. Sameness,
  above the cloud computing, we can adopt utility
  computing, and, we can adopt other price model.

Cloud computing
Utility computing
Monitor Meter Billing Pay
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Distributed Computing

• Distributed computing deals with hardware and
  software systems containing more than one
  processing element or storage element, concurrent
  processes, or multiple programs, running under a
  loosely or tightly controlled regime.In
  distributed computing, a program is split up into
  parts that run simultaneously on multiple
  computers communicating over a network.
  Distributed computing is a form of parallel
  computing, but parallel computing is most
  commonly used to describe program parts running
  simultaneously on multiple processors in the same
  computer. Both types of processing require
  dividing a program into parts that can run
  simultaneously, but distributed programs often
  must deal with heterogeneous environments,
  network links of varying latencies, and
  unpredictable failures in the network or the
  computers.

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Grid computing

• Grid computing is a term for either of two broad
  subcategories of distributed computing 1 Online
  computation or storage offered as a service
  supported by a pool of distributed computing
  resources, also known as utility computing,
  on-demand computing, or cloud computing. Data
  grids provide controlled sharing and management
  of large amounts of distributed data, often used
  in combination with computational grids. 2 The
  creation of a "virtual supercomputer" composed of
  a network of loosely-coupled computers, acting in
  concert to perform very large tasks. This
  technology has been applied to computationally-int
  ensive scientific, mathematical, and academic
  problems through volunteer computing, and it is
  used in commercial enterprises for such diverse
  applications as drug discovery, economic
  forecasting, seismic analysis, and back-office
  data processing in support of e-commerce and web
  services.

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Difference between Cloudcomputing and grid
computing

• Grid computing emphasizes on resource sharing,
  every grid node can apply for resource from other
  nodes, and every node should contribute resource
  to the grid. The focus of grid computing is on
  the ability of moving a workload to the location
  of the needed computing resources, which are
  mostly remote and are readily available for use.
  Grids also require applications to conform to the
  grid software interfaces.
• Cloud computing emphasize on proprietary, every
  user out of the cloud can get its own private
  resource from the cloud, and the cloud resource
  are provided by the specific service provider,
  the user need not contribute its resource. In a
  cloud environment, computing resources, such as
  servers, can be dynamically shaped or carved out
  from its underlying hardware infrastructure and
  made available to a workload. In addition, while
  a cloud does support grid, a cloud can also
  support nongrid environments, such as a
  three-tier Web architecture running traditional
  or Web 2.0 applications.
• Grid computing emphasizes on computing sensitive
  task, and is difficult to automated scale. Cloud
  computing emphasizes on transactional
  application, a great amount of separate request,
  and can scale automatically or semiautomatically.

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Difference between Cloudcomputing and grid
computing
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Computer cluster

• A computer cluster is a group of coupled
  computers that work together closely so that in
  many respects they can be viewed as though they
  are a single computer. The components of a
  cluster are commonly, but not always, connected
  to each other through fast local area networks.
  Clusters are usually deployed to improve
  performance and/or availability over that
  provided by a single computer, while typically
  being much more cost-effective than single
  computers of comparable speed or availability.1
• Grids tend to be more loosely coupled,
  heterogeneous, and geographically dispersed, grid
  computers do not fully trust each other.

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Virtualization

• Virtualization is a broad term that refers to the
  abstraction of computer resources. Virtualization
  hides the physical characteristics of computing
  resources from their users, be they applications,
  or end users.1 This includes making a single
  physical resource (such as a server, an operating
  system, an application, or storage device) appear
  to function as multiple virtual resources it can
  also include making multiple physical resources
  (such as storage devices or servers) appear as a
  single virtual resource.2
• Virtualization technology is a aggregative term
  of technical means and methods to implement
  virtualization. It can be divided to many types
  based on objects storage virtualization,
  computing virtualization, network virtualization.
  Computing virtualization includeOS level
  virtualization, application level virtualization,
  hyper visor. Hypervisor include host vm and
  guest vm.

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Virtualization
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Cloud computing break out

• Compared to its brother buzzwords, cloud
  computing is just beginning. Trends in usage of
  the terms from Google searches shows Cloud
  Computing is a relatively new term introduced in
  the past year. There has also been a decline in
  general interest of Grid, Utility and Distributed
  computing. 
• Cloud Computing and Virtualization are the next
  hot hosting platforms the Dedicated server term
  is slowly starting to lose ground vs.
  Virtualization and Cloud Computing.

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Content

• What is cloud computing
• Cloud computing discriminate
• Cloud computing technology
• Cloud computing products and market

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What cloud computing means to service provider?

• Fast Provision
• Reduce servers scale
• Increase resource utilization rate
• Improve management efficiency
• Lower maintenance cost
• Location of infrastructure in areas with lower
  costs of
• real estate and electricity
• Provide business continuity service
• Improve management efficiency
• Improve service levels
• Complex architecture
• Change of business model and faith

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What cloud computing means to users?

• Lower client workload
• Lower Total Cost Ownership
• Separation of infrastructure maintenance duties
  from
• domain-specific application
  development
• ? Separation of application code from physical
  resources
• Not have to purchase assets for one-time or
  infrequent
• intensive computing tasks
• Expand resource on-demand
• Make the application have high availability
• Quickly deploy application
• Pay per use

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Cloud computing infrastructure features

• Self-healing
• Multi-tenancy
• Virtualized
• Linearly Scalable
• Resource Monitor and measure
• Resource registration and discovery

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Cloud computing infrastructure architecture

• The physical hardware layer is virtualized to
  provide a flexible adaptive platform to improve
  resource utilization.
• The keys to new enterprise data center
  infrastructure services are the next two layers,
  the virtualization environment and management
  layer.
• The combination of these two layers ensure that
  resources in a data center are efficiently
  managed and can be provisioned, deployed, and
  configured rapidly.

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Difficulties for cloud computing

• Continuous high availability
• Cosistency
• Interoperability and standarlization
• Scalability of all components
• Data secrecy
• Legal and political problem of data store and
  translation across regions
• Performance issue
• Difficulty customizing
• Organizational obstacle

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Potencial issues in cloud computing

• Privileged user access.
• Regulatory compliance.
• Data location.
• Data segregation.
• Recovery.
• Investigative support.
• Long-term viability.

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Content

• What is cloud computing
• Cloud computing discriminate
• Cloud computing technology
• Cloud computing products and market

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10 examples of entpereises using the clouds

• The NY TimesAmazon EC2
• NasdaqAmazon S3
• Major League BaseballJoyent
• ESPNRightscale using Amazon EC2
• HasbroAmazon EC2
• British Telecom3Tera
• Taylor WoodrowGoogle Apps
• CSSAmazon EC2
• ActivisionAmazon EC2
• Business Objects (A SAP Company)Rightscale using
  Amazon EC2

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Cloud computing market
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Cloud computing infrastructure techsolution
provider

• 3Tera - AppLogic grid OS used as cloud computing
  platform by service providers and enterprises
• Appistry - Cloud computing middleware - Enables ea
  sily scalable cloud computing in the enterprise. 
• Cassatt - Cassatt Active Response platform
  enables administrators to set policies to power
  physical and virtual servers safely on and off
  and pool their computing resources.
• CloudHan - Cloud tech and infrastructure
  consultant, in China.
•  CloudScale Networks - Cloud enabler.  Currently
  in private ALPHA only 
• Enomaly Inc - Service Provider Cloud Enabler -
  Developer of the Enomalism Elastic Computing
  Platform Elastic Drive 
• Q-layer - provides software for data centers that
  enables cloud computing, support VSAN, VLAN,
  VPDC, currently support VMware ESX.   
• Skytap - IaaS service optimized for QA, Training,
  Demo, and Ops Testing. Supports VMware, Xen
  hypervisors Windows, Linux Solaris OS guests.
  

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Cloud computing infrastructure provider

• Agathon Group - Cloud provider. Services include
  highly available VPS, virtual private datacenters
  and ready-to-use LAMP stacks. Self-service
  ordering. Custom development and managed services
  available.
• Amazon Web Services - Amazon EC2/S3
  (Hardware-a-a-S Cloud Storage)
• CohesiveFT - CohesiveFT Elastic Server
  On-Demand  
• ElasticHosts - UK-based instant, on-demand
  servers in the cloud 
• Flexiscale - Another instant provisioner of web
  servers with some advanced features like
  auto-scaling coming soon. 
•  GoGrid - instant, on-demand servers offering
  "control in the cloud". Deploy Windows/Linux
  servers via web-interface in minutes
• GridLayer - Cloud Provider.  A service by Layered
  Technologies that delivers Virtual Private
  Datacenters and virtual private servers from
  grids of commodity servers
• LayeredTechnologies - Cloud Provider. provider of
  on-demand hosting and cloud and utility computing
  solutions through its brand GridLayer
• Mosso - Rackspace's cloud hosting service 
• Newservers - Instant provisioning of web servers
  either Windows or Linux

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Cloud computing Paas provider

• Bungee Connect - Provides end to end tools and
  systems required to develop, deploy and host web
  applications (Platform as a Service)  
• Coherence - Oracle Coherence Data Grid for EC2
  and other cloud platforms
• Force.com - Salesforce.com's application
  development platform (PaaS)
• GigaSpaces - middleware for the cloud,
  "cloudware"  
• Google AppEngine - (PaaS)Now support python
• Heroku - Ruby on Rails in their Cloud  
• Qrimp - An AJAX based PaaS 
• RightScale - RightScale provides a platform and
  expertise that enable companies to create
  scalable web applications running on Amazons Web
  Services that are reliable, easy to manage, and
  cost less 

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Service provider based on Cloud computing

• CAM Solutions - SaaS Provider.  Cloud Event
  Management, Autonomics and Monitoring-as-a-Service
  (TM)
• CloudStatus- CloudEnabler. Real-time performance
  trending of cloud infrastructure (currently
  AWS). 
• Kaavo's IMOD is an easy to use online
  application.  Cloud Computing Made Easy.
• Microsoft Mesh 
• Nasstar -  SaaS provider.  Business grade Hosted
  Desktop service, UK market leaders.
• Nirvanix - Cloud Storage 
• TrustSaaS - uptime monitoring and alerting
  service ('SaaS Weather Report') for Software as a
  Service (SaaS) run by an independent third party

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Cloud computing open source projects

• Infrastructure management projects
• Enomalism, convirt, redhat genome, hyperVM,
  lxlabs, LN, OpenNEbula, reservoir-fp7,
  scalr,eucalyptus,ganeti,gplhost,ovirt
• Useful open source projects to build cloud
  platform
• Kenso, hyperic, virt-P2V?

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• Question???