Development Anthropology

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Ottoman Empire, ca A.D. 1700 Imperial History of
the Middle East 5000 Years of History in 90
seconds
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http//www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1095/T
urkey.htmltitle
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4305656.st
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DuluthNewsTribune.com
http//www.duluthsuperior.com/mld/duluthsuperior/n
ews/nation/12812653.htm
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4307700.st
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http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4307700.st
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DuluthNewsTribune.com
http//www.duluthsuperior.com/mld/duluthsuperior/1
2809396.htm
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Four Generic Types of Cultures

• Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking
  Cultures
• Ch. 02 The Thai Kingdom
• Ch. 03 The Japanese Garden
• Ch. 04 India The Dance of Shiva
• Ch. 05 Bedouin Jewelry and Saudi Arabia
• Ch. 06 The Turkish Coffeehouse
• Ch. 07 The Brazilian Samba
• Ch. 08 The Polish Village Church
• Ch. 09 Kimchi and Korea

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Fig. 1.2. Four Generic Types of Cultures (p. 15)
POWER DISTANCE INDIVIDUALISM COLLECTIVISM INDIVIDUALISM COLLECTIVISM INDIVIDUALISM COLLECTIVISM
POWER DISTANCE Low (horizontal) High (vertical) Equality Matching (interval) Community Sharing (nominal)
POWER DISTANCE Low (horizontal) High (vertical) Market Pricing (ratio) Authority Ranking (ordinal)
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Four Generic Types of Cultures

• Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking
  Cultures
• authority ranking
• found in large parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin
  America
• involves a psychological relationship between the
  leader or leaders and all others in the culture

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Four Generic Types of Cultures

• Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking
  Cultures
• frequently, such a culture is symbolized not by
  the handshake, which reflects equality, but by
  different forms of bowing

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Four Generic Types of Cultures

• Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking
  Cultures
• there is a dynamic, two-way relationship between
  subordinates and leaders in authority ranking
  cultures
• although the leaders receive more rewards, they
  are responsible for safeguarding the livelihoods
  of subordinates

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Cultural Metaphors

• Unit of analysis in the book the nation or
  national culture
• Other units of analysis may include
• one person (e.g., Paul Buffalo)
• the family (e.g., Strodtbeck)
• the community
• a region
• a culture

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• Culture Counts
• and it counts quit a bit

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• Geert Hofstede (1991)
• IBM study demonstrated that national culture
  explained 50 of the differences in attitudes in
  IBMs 53 countries (p. 5)