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Section 1: Theories of Evolution

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Chapter 15 Section 1: Theories of Evolution Lamarck Theory of Evolution Organisms had need/desire to improve Use and disuse Inheritance of acquired characteristics ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Section 1: Theories of Evolution


1
Chapter 15
  • Section 1 Theories of Evolution

2
Lamarck Theory of Evolution
  • Organisms had need/desire to improve
  • Use and disuse
  • Inheritance of acquired characteristics

3
Charles Darwin The Trip
  • Charles Darwin The naturalist
  • Traveled on H.M.S. Beagle in 1831 to the
    Galapagos Islands
  • Climates
  • Finches
  • Tortoises

4
Section 15.1 Summary pages 393-403
5
Hawaiian Honeycreeper
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6
Darwin and Modern Evolution
  • Darwin A brief history
  • Influences on Darwin
  • Trip to the Galapagos Islands
  • Hutton and Lyell (Unifromitarianism)
  • Thomas Malthus
  • Alfred Wallace
  • Publication of The Origin of Species - 1859

7
Darwins Application of Malthus
  • Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
  • This produces a struggle for existence
  • Each member has variations
  • Those with variations that give the organism an
    advantage will have the best chance for survival
    survival of the fittest

8
Darwins Theories
  • Descent with Modification
  • Common ancestry
  • Modification by Natural Selection
  • Fitness
  • Adaptive advantage
  • Source of adaptation?
  • Definition of success

9
Explaining Natural Selection
  • Occurs when organisms with higher fitness
    survive, reproduce and successfully pass on their
    traits
  • Organisms with lower fitness are less likely to
    survive
  • Eventually, population is made up of only those
    with higher fitness

10
QOD
  • What evidence do we have to support evolution by
    natural selection?

11
Fossils
  • Definition
  • Types
  • Mold
  • Cast
  • Amber
  • Frozen
  • Imprint
  • Trace
  • Mineralized

12
How Fossils Form
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13
Distribution of Fossils
  • Location
  • Type of rock
  • Law of superposition
  • Stratum/Strata
  • Age
  • Relative age
  • Absolute age

14
Fossils in Rock Layers
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15
Succession and Biogeography
  • Succession of Forms
  • Extinction
  • Mass extinction
  • Biogeography

16
Evidence for Evolution
  • Fossils
  • Homologous Structures
  • Analogous Structures
  • Vestigial Structures
  • Embryology
  • Macromolecules

17
Homologous Structures
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18
Analogous structures
19
Vestigial Structures
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20
Other Forms of Evidence
21
Patterns of Evolution
  • Coevolution
  • Convergent evolution
  • Divergent evolution
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Artificial selection

22
Hawaiian Honeycreeper
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23
QOD
  • Where do we see natural selection in action today?

24
Kettlewell and the peppered moth
25
Antibiotic resistance
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