Title: Section 1: Theories of Evolution
1Chapter 15
- Section 1 Theories of Evolution
2Lamarck Theory of Evolution
- Organisms had need/desire to improve
- Use and disuse
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics
3Charles Darwin The Trip
- Charles Darwin The naturalist
- Traveled on H.M.S. Beagle in 1831 to the
Galapagos Islands - Climates
- Finches
- Tortoises
4Section 15.1 Summary pages 393-403
5Hawaiian Honeycreeper
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6Darwin and Modern Evolution
- Darwin A brief history
- Influences on Darwin
- Trip to the Galapagos Islands
- Hutton and Lyell (Unifromitarianism)
- Thomas Malthus
- Alfred Wallace
- Publication of The Origin of Species - 1859
7Darwins Application of Malthus
- Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
- This produces a struggle for existence
- Each member has variations
- Those with variations that give the organism an
advantage will have the best chance for survival
survival of the fittest
8Darwins Theories
- Descent with Modification
- Common ancestry
- Modification by Natural Selection
- Fitness
- Adaptive advantage
- Source of adaptation?
- Definition of success
9Explaining Natural Selection
- Occurs when organisms with higher fitness
survive, reproduce and successfully pass on their
traits - Organisms with lower fitness are less likely to
survive - Eventually, population is made up of only those
with higher fitness
10QOD
- What evidence do we have to support evolution by
natural selection?
11Fossils
- Definition
- Types
- Mold
- Cast
- Amber
- Frozen
- Imprint
- Trace
- Mineralized
12How Fossils Form
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13Distribution of Fossils
- Location
- Type of rock
- Law of superposition
- Stratum/Strata
- Age
- Relative age
- Absolute age
14Fossils in Rock Layers
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15Succession and Biogeography
- Succession of Forms
- Extinction
- Mass extinction
- Biogeography
16Evidence for Evolution
- Fossils
- Homologous Structures
- Analogous Structures
- Vestigial Structures
- Embryology
- Macromolecules
17Homologous Structures
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18Analogous structures
19Vestigial Structures
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20Other Forms of Evidence
21Patterns of Evolution
- Coevolution
- Convergent evolution
- Divergent evolution
- Adaptive radiation
- Artificial selection
22Hawaiian Honeycreeper
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23QOD
- Where do we see natural selection in action today?
24Kettlewell and the peppered moth
25Antibiotic resistance