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Population and Relationships

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Population and Relationships Population and growth Limiting factors Population growth curves Exponential Logistics Symbiotic relationships Population and Growth ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Population and Relationships


1
Population and Relationships
  • Population and growth
  • Limiting factors
  • Population growth curves
  • Exponential
  • Logistics
  • Symbiotic relationships

2
Population and Growth
  • Population- consists of all individuals of the
    same species that live together in one place at
    one time.

3
Population and Growth
  • Biodiversity- the number and variety of organisms
    in a given area during a specific period of time

4
Population and Growth
  • In order to predict population growth the
    following must be considered
  • Population Size
  • Population Growth Rate
  • Carrying Capacity
  • Limiting Factors

5
Population and Growth
  • Population size- the number of individuals in a
    population
  • Population growth rate- the rate at which the
    birthrate is greater than the death rate.
  • (Growth occurs when more individuals are being
    born than dying in a population)

6
Population and Growth
  • Carrying Capacity- the population size that an
    environment can sustain
  • Limiting Factors- Factors That Control Population
    Growth
  • Competition
  • Predation
  • Parasitism
  • Crowding
  • Stress
  • Disease

7
Population and GrowthLimiting Factors
  • Competition- Situation in which two or more
    organisms attempt to use the same scarce resource
  • Primary sources of Competition
  • Food
  • Water
  • Space
  • Mates

8
Population and GrowthLimiting Factors
  • Predation- A relationship between two organisms
    in which one organism kills (predator) and
    devours another organism (prey).
  • - Affects population size of both predator
    (increases) and the prey (decreases).
  • - Often cyclical.

9
Population and GrowthLimiting Factors
  • Parasitism- The relationship between two
    organisms where one organism benefits (parasite)
    and the other is harmed (host).
  • Example Tapeworm
  • You are harmed because it lives off your
    intestinal fluids
  • Segments break off to form a new worm!

10
Population and GrowthLimiting Factors
  • Crowding- exceeding the carrying capacity of a
    habitat which can result in stress and disease.
  • Stress and disease can lead to poor reproductive
    success and can cause damage to the habitat.

11
Population Growth CurvesExponential
  • Exponential growth
  • Population increases by a constant proportion per
    unit of time
  • At this growth rate the population exhibits a
    J-shaped curve

12
Population Growth CurvesLogistic
  • Logistic growth
  • Population increases rapidly for a period of
    time, its growth begins to slow, and ultimately,
    growth stops (the birthrate and death rate become
    equal).
  • At this growth rate the population exhibits an
    S-shaped curve.
  • K (carrying capacity) maximum population size
    that an environment can support

K
13
Symbiotic Relationships
  • Symbiosis- a close long term relationship between
    two or more species that can be beneficial or
    harmful
  • Beneficial
  • Mutualism
  • Both benefit
  • Commensalism
  • Only one benefits other is not harmed or
    helped
  • Harmful
  • Parasitism
  • One benefits Host slowly harmed

14
Symbiotic Relationships
  • Mutualism- Both Benefit
  • Example- Lichen (fungus and algae together)
  • Fungi provides-
  • carbon dioxide
  • moisture
  • Algae provides-
  • food
  • oxygen

15
Symbiotic Relationships
  • Commensalism- one benefits, the other is neither
    harmed or helped
  • Example- whale and a barnacle
  • Whale
  • unharmed
  • Barnacles
  • Protection from predators
  • Transportation to new food sources

16
Symbiotic Relationships
  • Parasitism- one benefits (parasite), other harmed
    (host)
  • Example- flea and a dog
  • Flea
  • Food
  • Shelter
  • Dog
  • Itches
  • Can become infected with diseases

17
Fill out the chart
benefits, - harmed, 0 neutral (neither
harmed nor helped)
Symbiosis Type Organism 1 Organism 2 Example
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism



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