Heart Simulation Project

1
Heart Simulation Project Lab Book
Greater Lawrence Technical School Junior
Electronics Class Mr. Bittarelli March - April
2005
Students Participating
Note to teachers This Lab Book is a composite of
lesson plan pages that challenge students as well
as student solutions to the challenges.
Irvin Dana Yancarlos Estephany Landry Aneudy
Ornela Zuly Staci Richard Zaily Eddie Johathan Ari
el
2
The Problem
Deaths per year in the USA
Zaily, Ariel, Eddie
3
The Problem
Cost of Treatment and Research per Year
Dana, Yancarlos, Aneudy
4
Discovery

• Major Causes of Heart Disease
• Stress
• Bad food
• Poor education.
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Obesity

5
Project Goals

• Educate patients on how the heart works
• Develop a portfolio that helps us get a job
• Exercise team work
• Practice problem solving skills
• Apply academics to real world problems

Staci and Richard
6
Job Performance
Zaily, Ariel, Eddie
7
Presenting Your Ideas
Ugly
Average
Best
Dana, Yancarlos, Aneudy
8
Project Planning

• Discovery
• Define the problem
• State the goals
• Research
• Design
• Write functional specification
• Draw schematics
• Development
• Build a working model
• Deployment
• Test
• Train
• Present

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
9
Discovery

• The problem ...
• How many people die of heart failure per year?
• How many people have irregular heart beats?
  (Arrhythmia)
• What are the consequences of this disease?
• Lost productivity
• Cost of medicine
• Cost of hospital care

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
10
Discovery

• What tools, books, models and web sites can you
  find that explain how the heart works.? Look for
  clear, concise, memorable examples.
• We want to develop a model that is different than
  heart education materials developed by others.
• Reference Websites
• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/
• http//sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/circulation.html
• http//www.heartcenteronline.com

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
11
Discovery

• How does the heart work?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
12
Discovery

• How does the heart work?
• The heart has two pumps.
• The right blue pump takes tired blood from the
  body and sends it to the lungs.
• The left red pump takes fresh blood from the
  lungs and sends it back to the body.
• When the heart is working normally, it beats
  between 60 80 times per minute. In our model,
  select, Healthy Heart and the microprocessor
  controls the pumps to simulate a normal heart
  rhythm.
• When the heart has a common problem, arrhythmia,
  it beats irregularly making it harder to get
  fresh, oxygenated blood to the body. In our
  model, select, Irregular Heart Beat. Now the
  microprocessor controls the pumps to pump
  irregularly.
• One way of treating arrhythmia is to insert a
  pacemaker which tells the heart when to pump. In
  our model, select Pacemaker and the heart stops
  until the pacemaker microprocessor is turned on.
  The 2nd pacemaker microprocessor tells the 1st
  microprocessor to pump one cycle only when it
  gets an infrared signal. The 2nd pacemaker
  microprocessor lights up and beeps each time it
  sends a signal. You can see the pumps beat one
  cycle each time the pacemaker beeps.

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
13
Discovery

• What is the history of heart research and
  medicines?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
14
Discovery

• What is arrhythmia and how is it treated?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
15
Design
How does a simple mechanical pump work?
16
Design
LEGO pump mechanism
17
Discovery
How reliable is the heart? How many cycles does a
heart pump in an average human life time? How
many revolutions does a car motor do in an
average car life time?
Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
18
Discovery
How reliable is the heart? How many cycles does a
heart pump in an average human life time? How
many revolutions does a car motor do in an
average car life time?
Cycles in a lifetime
Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
19
Functional Specifications

• Simulation how tired blood is rejuvenated
• Simulate how is fresh blood is distributed
• Present a power point show explaining the project
• Build a website that documents the project
• Audience involvement
• Questions about the Heart
• Games
• Deliverables
• Working heart simulation model
• Lab book
• Web site

Staci and Richard
20
Design
Components Required Body reservoir from which
liquid can be taken by the left pump. Lung
reservoir to which liquid can be sent by the left
pump. Lung reservoir from which liquid can be
taken by the right pump. Body reservoir to which
liquid can be sent by the right pump.
Lung Reservoir
Fresh Blood
Tired Blood
Veins
Arteries
Micro Controller Controls Pump Rhythm
Micro Controller Controls Pump Rhythm
Heart
Right Pump
Left Pump
Tired Blood
Fresh Blood
Arteries
Veins
Body Reservoir
Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
21
Design
How can we control the cycles or speed of the
pump?
Start
Normal Heart rhythm ?
Yes
2 normal beats
No
Yes
2 irregular beats
Arrhythmia ?
No
No
Yes
Beat on signal
Pacemaker ?
Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. Galinato March 2005
22
Design
How can we control the cycles or speed of the
pump?
Ariel
23
Display Drawing
GLTS Artificial Heart
Pump 2
Pump 1
Reservoir
Reservoir
Computer
Staci and Richard