5 Themes of geography

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5 Themes of geography
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What are the five themes?

• Tools geographers use to study features on
  earth.
• Location
• Place
• Movement
• Region
• Human Environment Interaction

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Location

• Describes where places are at on earth.
• Types of Location
• ABSOLUTE exact location on earth (fixed)
• Doesnt change
• Latitude/Longitude
• Hemispheres
• Grid System
• Address
• RELATIVE compared to other places (variable)
• Changes dependent upon where youre comparing it
  to.
• Miles
• Distance
• Direction

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Absolute Location

• Examples
• Rome is located at 41 N, 12 E
• Argentina is located in the southern hemisphere.
• Leland is located in San Jose, CA.

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Relative Location

• Examples
• Rome is located near the Mediterranean Sea.
• Argentina is near Brazil.
• Ecuador is south of Mexico.
• San Jose is 50 miles from San Francisco.

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Place

• A place is defined by its unique
  characteristics.
• Physical characteristics
• Human characteristics

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Physical Characteristics

• Specific to THAT place, not generic.
• The way a place physically looks.
• Created by nature.
• Mountains
• Rivers, Lakes, Seas
• Climate
• Vegetation
• Examples
• Andes Mountains are in South America.
• Amazon River flows through Brazil.
• Pampas are located in Argentina.
• The isthmus of Panama connects Central South
  America.

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Human Characteristics

• Specific to THAT place, not generic.
• Peoples activities change the way a place looks
  or is represented.
• Man-made or invented.
• Language
• Unique buildings
• Religious Practices
• Celebrations/traditions/holidays
• Examples
• Portuguese is the official language of Brazil.
• Many Mexicans are Catholic.
• Mayan ruins are located in Mexico.

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Movement

• Places do not exist in isolation.
• Interconnectedness of the world changes the way
  placeslook.
• Today globalization
• People, goods ideas move from place to place.
  (internet, shipping, trains, planes, trucks)
• Examples
• Immigration from Latin America to US.
• War in Iraq (troops, supplies, ideas, people)
• Twitter, Facebook (ideas)

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Movement

• Places change or are developed by Movement of
  land.
• Plate Tectonic forces
• Physical distinctiveness
• Examples
• Hawaiian Islands, Rocky Mts, Grand Canyon

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Region

• The world is divided into different regions based
  upon similarities differences.
• Climate
• Location
• Beliefs
• Languages
• Ethnicity/Race
• Types
• Formal
• Functional
• Perceptual

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Formal Region

• Most common/familiar.
• Determined by the distribution of a uniform
  characteristic (physical or cultural)
• Location
• Climate
• Religion
• Examples
• Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua,
  Panama)
• Latin America (spanish-speaking nations)
• Tropics (countries located near equator)

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Functional Region

• Serves a purpose that affects places around it.
• Distributes goods/people
• Serves specific purpose
• Examples
• Panama Canal
• Amazon River Basin
• Hollywood
• Havana, Cuba

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Formal Functional Regions
Fig. 1-11 The state of Iowa is an example of a
formal region the areas of influence of various
television stations are examples of functional
regions.
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Perceptual Region

1. Perceptual Region, or vernacular region, is a
   place that people believe exists as part of their
   cultural identity.

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Perceptual Regions
Fig. 1-12 A number of features are often used
to define the South as a vernacular region, each
of which identifies somewhat different boundaries.
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Perceptual Region

• Groups of areas that provoke a certain stereotype
  or feeling.
• Examples
• The Bronx
• The ghetto
• China town

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THE USA how Others see us
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HEI

• The environment people are interconnected.
• Consequences to those actions depend upon how
  people choose to interact with the world and use
  their resources.
• Positive/Negative
• Intentional/Accidental
• Favorable/Destructive

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HEI

• Current Environmental Issues
• Global Climate Change
• Energy Resources
• Water Conservation
• Deforestation

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Assignment

• Can you apply the 5 themes to a Fairy Tale story?
• How would the story of Little Red Riding Hood be
  different if it took place in Egypt Or China OR
  Brazil?