Revolutionary War

1
Revolutionary War

• Protest, War and a New Country
• Central Gwinnett High School

2
Reasons for Protest
After the lesson you will draw your own political
cartoon. You may draw a cartoon that supports
the patriots or the loyalists.
3
Sugar Act

• This law set taxes on imports of foreign sugar,
  textiles and other goods entering the colonies.
• If taxes are laid upon us in any shape
  without ever having a legal representation where
  they are laid, are we not reduced from the
  character of free subjects to the miserable state
  of tributary slaves?
• excerpts from a Boston
  Town Meeting, May 24, 1764
• With a partner, develop a slogan that you can
  use to protest the Sugar Act or no voice in
  government. Each student needs to draw a
  political cartoon that features your slogan..

4
Stamp Act

• This law enabled the British to collect money by
  taxing all printed material.
• No taxation without representation becomes the
  protest slogan for the colonists.

Above is a British stamp that would be used to
show that a colonist had paid the required taxes.
5
Townshend Acts

• Taxes on imported goods from Great Britain such
  as glass, lead, paper, paint and tea.
• The colonists decided to boycott British goods.
  The Massachusetts assembly called for the boycott
• Britain dismissed the assembly and moved Redcoats
  into Boston

6
Boston Massacre

• The presence of British soldiers led to trouble.
  A group of soldiers were guarding the customhouse
  in Boston.
• Colonists began to throw stones and snowballs at
  the soldiers
• British soldiers panicked and shot into the crowd
  killing 3 people.

7
What do you believe?
The Colonial Viewpoint The British
Viewpoint
8
Time to Decide Patriot or Loyalist.

• You are going to write a persuasive letter to
  your best friend. Your job is to persuade
  him/her to join you as either a Patriot or
  Loyalists during the Revolutionary period. You
  will need to do the following to earn a good
  grade

9
The Letter

• Paragraph One This introductory paragraph
  should
• let your friend know what side you are on.
• Paragraph Two You should provide your friend
  with
• your first persuasive argument. Make sure you
  give
• examples to back up your position.
• Paragraph Three Provide your friend with your
• second persuasive point.
• Paragraph Four Provide your friend with your
• third reason for choosing your side.
• Paragraph Five Conclusion paragraph. Restate
  your
• wishes.

10
Tea Act (1773)
British East India Co. Monopoly on British tea
imports. Many members of Parliament held
shares. Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to
colonists without colonial middlemen (cheaper
tea!) British expected the colonies to eagerly
choose the cheaper tea.
Why would the colonists protest cheaper tea?
11
Boston Tea Party
The Tea Act angered the colonists because the
colonists who sold tea would be squeezed out.
The Sons of Liberty organized a group of Patriots
to dress up like Native Americans, sneak on board
British ships and dump the tea overboard.
How would the British react to the Tea Party?
12
The Intolerable Acts (1774)

1. No ship could come or leave Boston harbor
2. No town meetings allowed in Massachusetts
3. Customs officials charged with major crimes would
   be tried in Britain
4. British troops would be housed in colonists
   homes.

13
Key Ideas, Terms, People

• Duties/taxes
• Boycott
• No taxation without Representation.
• Sons of Liberty/Liberty Boys
• Redcoat

14
First Continental Congress (1774)
55 delegates from 12 coloniesGeorgia did not
send delegates
Agenda ? How to respond to the Intolerable Acts 1
vote per colony represented. The Congress agreed
to support Massachusetts and to boycott all
British goods until the Intolerable Acts were
repealed.
15
The British Are Coming . . .
Paul Revere William Dawes make their midnight
ride to warn the Minutemen of approaching British
soldiers.
16
The Shot Heard Round the World!
The British heard a rumor that minutemen had a
large store of arms in Concord, a town near
Boston The Minutemen alerted the people, The
British are Coming! In Lexington, a town near
Concord, 700 British soldiers encountered 70
minutemen and told them to stand down. Someone
fired and sparked the beginning of the American
Revolution.
Lexington Concord April 18,1775
17
Second Continental Congress

• Samuel Adams, John Adams, John Hancock, Benjamin
  Franklin, Patrick Henry
• Give me liberty, or give me death!
• Appointed George Washington to command the
  Continental Army

18
Ben Franklins CartoonJoin or Die!
19
Sons of Liberty Daughters of Liberty
20
Committees of Correspondence

• The Committees of Correspondence were organized
  by writing each other of incoming British threats
  to the cause of liberty.
• By writing these letters, these men were putting
  themselves in the hot seat of the kings wrath.

21
Thomas Paines Common Sense

• Thomas Paine wrote his pamphlet that explained
  how the colonies had needed their mother
  country but now they have all grown up to be
  independent. It was just Common Sense to be
  free.

22
Salutary Neglect

• Because the colonies had been ignored for so long
  (salutary neglect), they had grown accustomed to
  making their own decisions. Then, when the king
  started to tax the colonies, they were resistant
  to the idea.

23
Jefferson Montesquieu

• Jefferson, an American, and Montesquieu, a
  Frenchman, were big proponents of democracy and
  the rights of people in a republic government.

24
Marquis de Lafayette

• The French were eager to see England lose their
  territories in North America. Lafayette would
  become a valued ally to George Washington and
  would become a hero to the new Americans.

25
Bunker Hill

• Bunker Hill overlooks Boston
• Dont fire until you see the whites of their
  eyes.
• British victory was costly. More that 1,000
  British soldiers and some 400 American militiamen
  were killed or wounded

26
Washingtons First Victory

• Fort Ticonderoga
• Moved captured cannons to Dorchester Heights,
  overlooking Boston.
• British move troops out of the colonies for a
  brief period of time due to Washingtons superior
  position on the heights.

27
Common Sense

• Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense
• The pamphlet attacked the idea of a monarchy.
• Paine insisted that Americans had the right to
  rule themselves.
• Best-seller throughout the colonies

28
Declaration of Independence

• June 1776 the Second Continental Congress
  appointed a committee to prepare a statement that
  explained the need of independence
• Thomas Jefferson was main author
• July 4, 1776 the delegates signed the Declaration
  of Independence
• Gwinnett, Hall and Walton from GA

29
Declaration Of Independence
30
Loss in New York

• June 1776, British move 10,000 troops into New
  York
• British push American troops out of New York City
• Splits the colonies into two sections
• Thousands desert the American militia

31
War in Georgia

• The Patriots won at Kettle Creek and gained many
  weapons and supplies from the British army.
• The Tories re-gained Savannah when the British
  blockade took the city. The Patriots tried to
  re-take the city, but failed when the sneak
  attack was found out. Caismuir Pulaski died in
  that battle.

32
War in Georgia

• Nancy Hart was a Whig Woman who captured 5
  Tories by herself. They had come to her house for
  food, but they left there having had their last
  meal!

33
Trenton and Princeton

• Trenton Washington crossed the Delaware River
  into Trenton. Won the battle with few
  casualties.
• Princeton Washington drove the British out of
  Princeton
• Both victories raised American spirits after the
  defeat at New York

34
Saratoga

• British General Burgoyne moved his army from
  Canada to retake Fort Ticonderoga
• American General Horatio Gates had the militia
  form near Saratoga
• Burgoyne surrendered turning point of the war

35
Allies

• When news of the American victory at Saratoga
  reached France, France recognizes the government
  of the US and declares war on Britain.
• The French Army and Navy joined the Americans in
  the Revolution
• Spain also declared war on Britain

36
Victory at Yorktown

• British General Cornwallis moves army to
  Yorktown, VA in 1781
• American and French soldiers surround Yorktown
• French Navy prohibits British Navy in joining
  fight
• Cornwallis surrenders Americans win their
  independence

37
Pictures of Yorktown
Cornwallis surrenders to Washington
Historic Yorktown Main Street
Cannon on battlefield
Victory Monument In Yorktown
celebrating Independence
38
Key ideas, terms, people, places

• Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry,
  William Howe, George Washington, John Burgoyne,
  Horatio Gates, Charles Cornwallis, Henry Knox,
  Benedict Arnold, Marquis de Lafayette
• Lexington, Concord, New York, Saratoga, Trenton,
  Princeton, Yorktown

39
Key ideas, terms, people and places

• Minutemen, casualties, blockade, Loyalists,
  Patriots, Tories, revolution, independence,
  mercenaries, allies, Treaty of Paris 1783