Unit IV Review

1
Unit IV Review

• Chapters XVII - XXI

2
Vocabulary

• Be sure you know the vocabulary words from this
  unit well! There will be a vocabulary quiz in
  the next couple of weeks!
• Pay attention to the declension and conjugation
  of each word. As you learn new words, be careful
  to learn the parts which are given in the
  vocabulary section. These parts help you
  understand which conjugation or declension a word
  belongs to!
• What are the 2 parts of nouns given?
• What are the 4 parts of verbs given?

3
Finding the stems of Sum

• How do we find stems of verbs?
• present stem
• perfect stem
• Sum is an irregular verb in the present tense.
  What does that mean?
• Sum also has irregular principal parts
• sum, esse, fui, futurus

4
Stems of the to be word

• The present stem is es- or s-
• Conjugate the present tense of sum
• The future stem is er-
• Conjugate the future tense of sum
• The perfect stem is fu-
• Conjugate the perfect tense of sum

5
The Infinitive Form

• Being a verbal noun, the infinitive form of the
  verb can be used as a noun. It is always neuter
  and singular!
• The infinitive form of the verb (the 2nd
  principal part) can be used as the subject of a
  sentence.
• The infinitive form can be used as the object of
  a sentence.

6
3rd Conjugation

• The infinitive ends in ere
• Defined by the short e stem vowel
• This short e is seen only in the infinitive and
  the singular imperative everywhere else it is
  weakened or absorbed by the endings and becomes
  an i (exceptions 1st person singular omits i
  and 3rd person plural has a u).
• duco ducimus
• ducis ducitis
• ducit ducunt

7
3rd Conjugation io verbs

• 3rd conjugation verbs that end in io in the 1st
  person singular, retain the short -i- in all
  places in the conjugation, as well as in the
  plural imperative (accipite)
• Both types of 3rd conjugation verbs form the
  perfect tense regularly (remove the i ending
  from the 3rd principal part and add the perfect
  personal endings

8
Conjugating a 3rd io verb

• capio capimus
• capis capitis
• capit capiunt
• Notice there is an i before EVERY ending in
  the conjugation (regular 3rd conjugation verbs do
  not have the i- in 1st person singular and have
  a u- in 3rd person plural.

9
4th Conjugation Verbs

• 4th conjugation verbs have a stem vowel of i.
• They are conjugated EXACTLY like 3rd io verbs!
  They have an i in every form
• venio venimus
• venis venitis
• venit veniunt

10
Compare 3rd, 3rd io, 4th

• duco ducimus
• ducis ducitis 3rd
• ducit ducunt
• capio capimus
• capis capitis 3rd -io
• capit capiunt
• venio venimus
• venis venitis 4th
• venit veniunt

11
Stem Vowels of Each Conjugation

• 1st a
• 2nd e
• 3rd e
• 4th i
• Write on white board or piece of paper where you
  find the stem vowel.

12
Apposition

• Opposition means standing against
• Apposition means standing beside
• Words in APPOSITION stand beside each other to
  add more information
• Mrs. Capps, my 7th grade teacher..
• I had a true friend, Marcus
• We gave money to the sailors, our friends
• Pippa, my puppy, is lots of fun!

13
Asking Questions

• To ask a question that requires a yes or no
  answer, add ne to the end of the first word
  (dont use a word with 2 short syllables at the
  end, substitute another word!).
• If you expect a yes for the answer, begin the
  sentence with the word nonne.
• Or, begin the sentence with an interrogative
  adverb or pronoun, such as quis or quid.

14
Typical Word Order

• Subject begins sentence (unless there is not a
  written subject be sure to verify that the noun
  you think might be the subject IS the subject
  (check verb ending and noun case ending!)
• The Predicate follows the subject. Generally,
  the verb is last.
• Very typical, but NOT strict!!!
• Subject, adjective, (genitive, appositive), then
  predicate - ablative, dative, accusative, adverb,
  verb