Sulfuric acid(H2SO4)

1
Sulfuric acid(H2SO4)

• Done by Tan Yan Wei 1O2 (21)

2
Contents

• Objectives
• What are sulfuric acids
• History of sulfuric acids
• Cautions in using sulfuric acids
• Production of sulfuric acid
• Uses of sulfuric acids
• Conclusion
• Sources

3
Objectives

• Research on the production of sulfuric acids
• Research the uses of sulfuric acids.

4
What are sulfuric acids

• Highly caustic strong mineral acid.
• Colorless to slightly yellow
• Highly corrosive
• Soluble in water at all concentrations
• Historical name Oil of Vitriol
• Diprotic acid which may show different properties
  depending upon its concentration.

5
History of sulfuric acids

• Prepared by Johann Van Helmont by destructive
  distillation of green vitriol (ferrous sulfate)
  and by burning sulfur. 
• Sulfuric acid was produced at Nordhausen from
  green vitriol but was expensive.
• First used by John Glauber
• Developed commercially by Joshua Ward
• Superseded by the lead chamber process.

6
History of sulfuric acids

• Developed the contact process in 1830 which was
  until the need of concentration acid rising.

7
Cautions in using sulfuric acids
The picture says it all.
8
Production of sulfuric acids
( The contact process)

• The most important process for making sulfric
  acids.
• Consists of 3 stages.

Stage3
Stage 1
Stage 2
9
Production of sulfuric acids(Stage 1)
Sulfur is imported from Poland or the USA. In the
first stage of the process, sulfur is burned in
air to make sulfur dioxide gas. Sulfur
oxygen-gtsulfur dioxide S(I) O2(g) -gt SO2(g)
10
Production of sulfuric acids(Stage 2)
This is the stage where sulfur dioxide is
converted to sulfur trioxide.
-gt Sulfur dioxide oxygen
sulfur trioxide -gt
lt- 2So2(g)O2(g) 2SO3(g)
lt- The reaction happens on catalyst of
vanadium(V) oxide to speed up the reaction. As
much sulphur dioxide as possible is changed to
sulphur trioxide, and releases of sulphur dioxide
are prevented such that acid rains will not be
caused.
11
Production of sulfuric acids(Stage 3)
In the final stage, sulfur trioxide is converted
to sulfuric acid. The sulfur trioxide gas is
absorbed into very concentrated sulfuric acid (a
98 per cent solution of H2SO4 in water),
producing a thick fuming liquid called oleum. The
oleum is mixed carefully with water, and the
sulfuric trioxide in the oleum reacts with the
water as follows Sulfur trioxide water -gt
sulfuric acid SO3(g)H2O(l)-gt H2SO4(l)
12
Production of sulfuric acids(Contact process)

• Sulfur trioxide cannot be mixed with pure water
  as this is a highly exothermic reaction, which
  would produce a fine mist of sulfuric acid that
  is difficult to condense and could escape to
  pollute the air.

13
Production of sulfuric acids(Lead chamber
process)

• Sulfur oxide and nitrogen dioxide dissolved
  over a period of 30 minutes. Then the sulfur
  oxide is oxidized to sulfuric acid.

14
Use of sulfuric acids

• Fertilizers
• Tanning leather
• Cleaning metals

15
Use of sulfuric acids(In fertilizers)

• Sulfuric acids is used as a dehydrating agent to
  prevent the soil from over hydrating, thus the
  plant will be able survive.

16
Use of sulfuric acids(In tanning leather)

• Sulfuric acid is used in tanning to bring down
  the pH of collagen to a very low level so as to
  facilitate the penetration of mineral tanning
  agent into the substance.

17
Use of sulfuric acids(In cleaning metals)

• The acid is used in pickling which is a surface
  treatment used to remove impurities such as
  stains, inorganic contaminants, rust or scale
  from ferrous metals, copper, and aluminum alloys.

18
Conclusion

• There are many ways of producing sulfuric acids.
• There are many uses for sulfuric acids.

19
The EndThank You!
20
Bibliography

• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_chamber_process
• http//www.namedorganicreactions.co.uk/Sulphuric.p
  df
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfuric_acid
• http//www.encyclopedia.com/topic/sulfuric_acid.as
  px
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickling_(metal)
• http//www.ask.com/answers/6642851/why-is-sulfuric
  -acid-in-fertilizer
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanning