Announcements

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Announcements

• Update resumé PCR, CF, primer design, gel
• Exam II take-home Part 1 is available for pick-up
• Paper for tomorrows recitation is here too.
• No Office Hours today (have a meeting) but can
  make appts tomorrow afternoon if want to chat.

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Verbal Final Exam
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Feedback What helps your learning?(switch
clickers)
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GROUPS Did working in a group help you LEARN?
(compared to solo)

1. Yep, a bunch!
2. Yep somewhat, working with others helped me
   learn some more
3. Neutral, I think either way Id learn just as
   much and as well.
4. Not really that often, not with my group
5. No, I would have learned better solo

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BOOK Did reading and studying the textbook help
you LEARN? (compared to multiple choice)

1. Yep, a bunch!
2. Yep somewhat, the explanations were helpful
3. Neutral, I think either way Id learn just as
   much and as well.
4. Not really, I didnt learn much
5. No, I would have greatly preferred to not read

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WRITING Does multiple drafts of just one paper
help you LEARN?(compared to weekly lab
reports)

1. Yep, a bunch!
2. Yep somewhat
3. Neutral, I think either way Id learn just as
   much and as well.
4. Not really, its OK but reports are better
5. No, I would have learned far better with weekly
   lab reports

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RESEARCH Did independent PCR research in lab
help you LEARN? (compared to weekly cookbook
labs)

1. Yep, a bunch!
2. Yep somewhat, designing our own plan is good
3. Neutral, I think either way Id learn just as
   much and as well.
4. Not really that often, I was too confused
5. No, I would have learned better with traditional
   cookbook labs each week

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VERBAL Do you think the VF option is a good idea
for learning? (compared to the regular final
exam approach)

1. Yep, a bunch! Im jumping in the front of line.
2. Yes somewhat, the option is good
3. Neutral, I think either way Id learn just as
   much and as well.
4. Not really, I dont see it as helpful
5. No, its far too much to expect from someone at
   our level in this class.

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Student Assessment of Learning Gains (SALG)
website
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Inquiry in the Classroom Laboratory a
four-year study of Teams and Streams

• Joseph Maleszewski, Marija Krha, Sarah Loznak and
  Douglas Luckie Department of Physiology, College
  of Human Medicine, College of Osteopathic
  Medicine and Lyman Briggs School of Science
  Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
  48825-1107

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What are TS Inquiry Labs?
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Before
Retroactive Learning?
Figure 1 Laboratories focused exclusively on
individual learning. Each student worked in lab
alone, wrote lab reports alone and had only
teaching assistants as a source of answers to
their questions during lab.
Student comment I really only understood the
lab when I wrote the report about it a week
later.
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• The literature strongly supports that groups can
  be much better learning environments (Johnson et
  al 1998, Campbell Smith 1997), but beyond that,
  they are REAL LIFE. Scientists frequently work in
  groups to write grant proposals, solve problems
  and publish papers. By pooling a knowledge,
  experiences, and experiments, groups are able to
  progress beyond what any individual could do
  alone.

So we decided to change to Teams...
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Before
Lots of learning? A new lab every week
Figure 3 Laboratories focused exclusively on
various week-long investigations. Each week
students began completely new topics, techniques
and objectives.
Student comments Why are we doing this?
Nobody knows, just do what it says in the lab
manual.
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• A number of studies of longer-term laboratory
  approaches have been done in introductory
  biology. Lawson and Smitgen (1982) found that a
  series of related laboratory investigations could
  improve the ability of students logical thought.
  Similarly, cognitive development and science
  process skills of biology students was found to
  be promoted by a laboratory program that
  emphasized longer integrated investigations
  (Journet, Young, Stanley Scheibe, 1987, Walosz
  and Yeany, 1984).

So we decided to change to Streams...
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Before
Are we done?
Figure 5. Students followed cookbook
instructions (that even explained how to label
their tubes etc) to complete the structured labs.
Charged with performing lengthy tedious tasks
with unclear goals, students often recycled
papers from the past to succeed. They were bored
and interested in being done and going home.
Student comment Why bother to repeat the exact
same experiments that every other student has
done?
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• The educational literature has observed that in
  college science laboratories students perform
  cookbook-like laboratories and are not learning
  the process skills of science (Kyle, Penick
  Shymansky, 1979, Stewart, 1988). If students are
  permitted to design their own experiments, the
  laboratory protocol itself becomes original
  thought. Planning their experiments often proves
  to be more powerful for learning than either
  their ultimate results or lab reports (Fogle
  1985).

Why we decided to change to Inquiry...
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Qualitative Data
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1. Bloom meta-analysis
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2. Survey data
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Before
Survey Results Question What do you think of
the course laboratories and what changes would
you suggest? Some things that we did in lab
were mainly that the TA did them for us. I didnt
learn a thing... Weak point was the dullness
of some lab experiments. Its lab, there
arent really changes you can do. The labs
were good, but I think they could have done
higher level labs. I had done most of them in
high school. (What changes would you suggest)
Higher labs. Labs requiring more thought. More
complex labs. I didnt like the potato lab
with all the test tubes. Dont remember the name.
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Before
Survey Results Question What do you think of
the course laboratories and what changes would
you suggest? Some things that we did in lab
were mainly that the TA did them for us. I didnt
learn a thing... Weak point was the dullness
of some lab experiments. Its lab, there
arent really changes you can do. The labs
were good, but I think they could have done
higher level labs. I had done most of them in
high school. (What changes would you suggest)
Higher labs. Labs requiring more thought. More
complex labs. I didnt like the potato lab
with all the test tubes. Dont remember the name.
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After
Survey Results The lab was set up much better
than previous classes. This was the best lab Ive
had here. I loved working in large lab groups.
Overall this class has improved my understanding
of many biology related systems. I liked the
lab Im usually not in favor of group work, but
this was different. I learned so much from them
and understood what we were doing when we
designed our own labs. The fun independent labs
made the beginning cookbook labs seem really
dull. Because we had to write the big scientific
papers I really feel confident in my skills and I
think that aspect was very worthwhile. Overall
the class as a whole was big pain in the butt.
However, it is definitely the most worthwhile
class I have taken in my entire life. With having
the class and lab together it allowed for greater
understanding of many biological concepts.
Future classes along with ours will complain
about the workload, but what comes out of the
learning is amazing.
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After
Survey Results The lab was set up much better
than previous classes. This was the best lab Ive
had here. I loved working in large lab groups.
Overall this class has improved my understanding
of many biology related systems. I liked the
lab Im usually not in favor of group work, but
this was different. I learned so much from them
and understood what we were doing when we
designed our own labs. The fun independent labs
made the beginning cookbook labs seem really
dull. Because we had to write the big scientific
papers I really feel confident in my skills and I
think that aspect was very worthwhile. Overall
the class as a whole was big pain in the butt.
However, it is definitely the most worthwhile
class I have taken in my entire life. With having
the class and lab together it allowed for greater
understanding of many biological concepts.
Future classes along with ours will complain
about the workload, but what comes out of the
learning is amazing.
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Quantitative Data
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MCAT exam questions- content knowledge data
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Conclusions
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• Bloom data The TS Inquiry approach raises the
  bar for science and cognitive assessment in
  freshman biology lab
• Survey data The TS Inquiry approach increases
  student opinion of workload, learning and
  affective elements of lab
• MCAT exam data Freshman undergraduates who
  completed TS Inquiry labs scored higher than
  peers on knowledge questions developed and
  validated from MCAT exams

Conclusions
http//surf.to/teamstreams
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Why did I show you this?
? Helpful to understand the evidence to support
why lab is run this way