Motivation and work

1
Chapter 12

• Motivation and work

2
motivation

• A need or desire that energizes and directs
  behavior.

3
Instinct

• A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned
  throughout a species and is unlearned.

4
Drive reduction theory

• Idea that psychological needs create an aroused
  tension state (a drive) that motivates an
  organism to satisfy the need.

5
Homeostasis

• A tendency to maintain a balance of constant
  internal state the regulation of any aspect of
  body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a
  particular level.

6
incentive

• A positive or negative environmental stimulus
  that motivates behavior.

7
Hierarchy of needs

• Maslows pyramid of human needs, beginning at the
  base with psychological needs that must first be
  satisfied he for higher-level safety needs and
  then psychological needs become active.

8
Glucose

• A form of sugar that circulates in the blood and
  provides major source of energy for body tissue.
  When its level is low, we feel hungry.

9
Set point

• Point at which an individuals weight
  thermostat is supposedly set.
• When the body falls below this weight, increase
  and hunger and a lower metabolic rate may act to
  restore the lost weight.

10
Basil metabolic rate

• Bodies resting rate of energy expenditure.

11
Anorexia nervosa

• Any disorder which a normal weight person died to
  become significantly 15 or more underweight,
  yet, still feeling fat, continues to start.

12
Bulimia nervosa

• An eating disorder characterized by episodes of
  overeating, usually of high calorie foods,
  followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or
  excessive exercise.

13
Sexual response cycle

• The four stages of sexual responding described by
  Masters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, orgasm,
  and resolution.

14
Refractory period

• A resting period after orgasm, during which a man
  cannot achieve another orgasm.

15
Sexual disorder

• A problem that consistently impairs sexual
  arousal or functioning.

16
Estrogen

• A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by
  females than by males. In non-human female
  mammals, estrogen levels peaked during ovulation,
  promoting sexual receptivity.

17
Testosterone

• Most important of the male sex hormones. Both
  males and females have it, but the additional
  testosterone amounts stimulate the growth of the
  male sex organs in the fetus and development of
  the male sex characteristics during puberty.

18
Sexual orientation

• And enduring sexual attraction toward members of
  either ones own sex or the other sex.

19
Flow

• A completely involved, focus state of
  consciousness, with diminished awareness of self
  in time, resulting from optical engagement ones
  skills.

20
Industrial organizational psychology

• The application of psychological concepts and
  methods of optimizing human behavior in
  workplaces.

21
Personal psychology

• A subfield of industrial organizational
  psychology that focuses on employee recruitment,
  selection, placement, training, appraisal, and
  development.

22
Organizational psychology

• A subfield of industrial organizational
  psychology that examines organizational influence
  on worker satisfaction and productivity and
  facilities organizational change.

23
Structured interviews

• Interview process that asks the same job related
  questions of all applicants, each of whom is
  rated on established scales.

24
Achievement motivation

• A desire for significant accomplishment from
  mastery of things, people, or ideas for
  attaining a high standard.

25
Task leadership

• Goal oriented airship that sets standards,
  organizes work, and focuses attention on goals.

26
Social leadership

• Group oriented leadership that builds teamwork,
  mediates conflict, and offer support.