Integrating research, teaching and learning

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• Integrating research, teaching and learning
• through wikis

• Daniel K. Schneider
• TECFA Faculty of Psychology and Education
  Sciences - Université de Genève
• Computer Science Department - Webster University
  Geneva
• daniel.schneider_at_unige.ch
• http//tecfa.unige.ch/DKS
• 2nd Webster research symposium, Feb 3 2012
• http//tecfa.unige.ch/tecfa/talks/schneide/webster
  2012/

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Integrating research, teaching and learning
through wikis

• General research goals
• Create good project-orientedtechnology-enhanced
  learning (TEL) designs
• Improve education

• Additional goals
• Contribute to whole scholarship / close
  gaps(between research teaching, and researcher
  lecturer)
• Contribute to the Pasteur quadrant in the
  learning sciences(theory and design)

• Specific research goal
• Explore affordances of wiki technology for a
  variety of educational strategies and tactics.

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Evolution of the technology-enhanced learning
(TEL) infrastructure 3 strands
What can be Done with wikis ?
(1) production sharing
(2) control
(3) others - not covered here
1996
1964
2000 -
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Seven Mediawiki design (case) studies
a set of design experiments, over a longer time
span allowing to test where using a Mediawiki
makes sense and how these should be configured
to support various purposes
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Case study 1 EduTechWiki/enfr Several-in-one
integrated scholarship
A shared note taking, literature review and
writing-to-learn environment
Publish
External resources
Announce
Read
Teacher / Researcher
Take notes
Discuss
Teach
Wiki
Read
Discuss
Student
Write
Knowledge community model (Bereiter and
Scardamaglia) Integrated scholarship (Boyer,
Gardner)
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Case study 1 (2)
Population various small classes, 2006 -
2012 Teaching organization most blended (UniGe),
presential (WUG) http//edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/
and http//edutechwiki.unige.ch/fr
Teaching strategies Text genres (lots) Wiki Tools
Writing-to-learn activities Student-created overviews/essays Pages, discussion pages and categories
Writing about cases, e.g. edu. games Structured, somewhat standardized files Pages, discussion pages, categories
Direct instruction e.g. intro. to CSS Syllabus, weekly programs, tutorials, overview pages Categories, navigation menus, code display
Mini-projects based instruction e.g. intro. to Flash Syllabus, exercise programs, tutorials, overview/link pages, discussion Navigation menus, wiki books, code formatting, discussion pages
Workshop support Program page with links None
Other purposes Other purposes Other purposes
Note taking, knowledge integration and linking Overviews, links and references Articles, category trees, graphs
News Blog Wikilog
EduTech resource kit All sorts All
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Case study 2 Dewiki project-based learning

• Population a single small semester class
  (UniGe), 2006-2012
• Organization blended
• http//edutechwiki.unige.ch/dewiki/

Purpose Text genre Wiki Tools
Management Current task (to do list) Menu General forum Main page discussion page
Literature review Summaries index article
Dictionary of terms Definitions index Article Category
Research plan article Article discussion page
Articles (outcome) Long article Article discussion page
Valorization book Print book creator
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Implemented learning scenarios and text genres in
a MediaWiki
Learning Scenarios
Text tools (extensions)
Products
Article
Writing-to-learn
Project 1
Glossary
Project-based
Project 2
Mini projects
Journal (wikilog)
Traditional
Product 1
News (wikilog)
..
Product 2
Media
Teacher/researcher activities
Textbook (wiki book)

Navigation (cat. menus)
Note taking
Categories
Product 3
Teaching
Forum
Study books

..
Other tools
Support for wide range of text genres and
learning activities It works (somewhat stabilized
designs after three years)
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Is this research ?

• Answer 1 No !
• very little generalization
• (almost) no data
• no comparison (just some kind of monographies)
• No in-depth investigation of processes
• No computer science
• ..

• Answer 2 Yes a bit
• it is part of a long term line of research
  started in 2002
• it is just part (technology) of the design part
  (data pending)
• design is principled and based on (other)
  research
• it has been published in 2 reviewed conference
  papersSchneider, D.K., Benetos, K. Ruchat, M.
  (2011). Mediawikis for research, teaching and
  learning. In T. Bastiaens M. Ebner (Eds.),
  Proceedings of World Conference on Educational
  Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications
  2011 (pp. 2084-2093).

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Is this research (2) ?
Yes, it is part of so-called design-based research
This talk
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(No Transcript)
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Extra (censored) slides next .
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Context Which tool is best for what purpose ?
Knowledge construction content
Control of activities
Communication
Grading
Priorities
Portalware e.g. Drupal (Class Schneider, 2011)
Advanced wiki e.g. Mediawiki
Workflow tool e.g. LAMS
Solution
LMS, e.g. Blackboard, Moodle
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Whole scholarship according to Boyer (1997)
Be a good researcher Publish quality
articles -------------------------------- -
Ignore technology - Ignore others ideas
(1) Discovery
CHOOSE
Be useful as knowledgemediator Pull ideas
together Share knowledge with all Be able
to use technology Teach well ------------------
----------------- - Be a bad researcher

(2) Integration (3) Application (4) Teaching
Or improve by finding synergy through common
activities (and tools) .
27.07.2015
http//edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/
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The Pasteur quadrant
not science science
applied Edison (invention) Pasteur (both)
not applied (some) student research Bohr (pure theory)
Typology of research and practice in education
Model 1 Teachers read research and implement it
in their classrooms fails Model 2 Summary
guides fail Model 3 General professional
development can work Model 4 The policy route
fails Model 5 The long route can work Model 6
Design experiments can work (locally)
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First principles of education (Merrill, 2002)

1. The demonstration principleLearning is promoted
   when learners observe a demonstration
2. The application principleLearning is promoted
   when learners apply the new knowledge
3. The activation principleLearning is promoted
   when learners activate prior knowledge or
   experience
4. The integration principleLearning is promoted
   when learners integrate their new knowledge into
   their everyday world
5. The task-centered principleLearning is promoted
   when learners engage in a task-centered
   instructional strategy

Activity-based learning my starting point
(Schneider, 2002)
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No significant difference between educational
designs (Nettles et al. 2000, Johnson et al,
2000, Russel 2001).
Structured designs (Kirschner et al. 2006)
Teacher quality (many factors)
Some difference
Small long term projects
Infrastructure with good affordances
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Affordances in TEL .the bottom line (Clark,
Kozma,etc.).
Slower / cumbersome / anti-community e-learning
systems, workflow systems
Anything goes ! (media dont make the difference.)
Faster / easier / community-oriented Street
technology ? CMSs, Blogs, etc. ? Wikis
? Mediawikis (Wikipedia
technology)