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Decision Support With PI
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PI System

• Fleet Wide Installation Review
• Lessons Learned
• Near Real Time Decision Support

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TXU is one of the largest investor-owned energy
services companies in the world with assets over
40 billion. The company is a multinational
leader in electric and natural gas services,
merchant trading, energy marketing,
telecommunications and other energy-related
services. TXU delivers energy to more than nine
million customers primarily in Texas, the United
Kingdom and continental Europe, and Australia.
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Senate Bill 7 Impacts to Generation

• 50 reduction in NOx, 25 reduction in SO2 - for
  existing grandfathered electric generating
  facilities.
• Additionally, because of the proposed State
  Implementation Plan under the Federal Clean Air
  Act, TXU Electric plans to achieve an 88
  reduction in NOx production from 1997 levels in
  the Dallas-Fort Worth non-attainment area.

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The Need A System for Real Time NOx and SO2
Monitoring, Tracking, Alarming, Reporting and
Optimization for all TXU Generating Units at the
Unit Level, Area/Region Level, and TXU System
Level
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NCMS - NOx Compliance Management SystemScope

• Control System Modifications for Data Access
• Plant Historian
• Accurate Heat Input
• Additional Instrumentation
• Advanced Emissions Controls

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NCMS - NOx Compliance Management SystemInterface
Requirements

• Foxboro IA
• Honeywell TDC3000
• Bailey Infi90/Net90
• Allen Bradley PLC
• Modbus - Smart Instrumentation

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PI System
Exact duplicate machines. Dell 4300 servers. 22
servers at plant sites, 1 corporate data
collector, 1 training/development server.
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• Summer 1999 - Evaluation
• Trial complete 7/99
• Project funding requested 8/99
• Hardware/Software ordered 9/99
• 18 Servers installed collecting from CEM PLCs and
  14 control systems by 10/31/99

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LESSONS LEARNED

• Duplication/Training
• Centralized Control of Servers
• Centralized Subject Matter Expert(s)
• Active Project Owner
• Tech Support vs Integrator
• IT

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CURRENT STATUS

• NOx Bubble Management
• Advanced Emission Controls
• Cap Management
• Decision Support

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NOX BUBBLE
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ADVANCED EMISSIONS CONTROLS

• Software based optimization
• Pilots in progress

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CAP MANAGEMENT (NOx)

• DFW Zonal Daily Tonnage Cap
• DFW Zonal Monthly Tonnage Cap
• East Region Annual Cap (Jan-Dec)
• West Region SIP Annual Cap (May-Apr)
• East Region SIP Annual Cap (May-Apr)

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There are Operational Risks with Assets

• Availability
• Reliability
• Performance
• There are many inherent risks with the operation
  of Assets. Some of these are easily
  quantifiable, some are complex and some are just
  unexplainable. The operational risks associated
  with assets include availability, reliability and
  performance.
• Availability and reliability are typically trends
  that can be predictably quantified using recent
  historical information. Performance is a moving
  target influenced by a variety of issues, some
  controllable and some not.

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Performance information is the cornerstone for
the decision making process

• 80 90 of the cost basis is directly affected
  by performance
• Performance information is utilized in budgeting,
  strategic planning, unit commitment, fuel
  acquisition, risk valuation, benchmarking,
  emissions management and unit dispatching, among
  others. The issue of concern is that performance
  measuring information is usually acquired under
  the best possible conditions, at infrequent
  intervals, and does not necessarily project
  current operations. The ability to accurately
  track and predict performance characteristics
  increases the accuracy of, and reduces the risk
  of, all facets of the planning, analysis and
  delivery process.

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• Performance characteristics include
• Fuel Efficiency - known as heat rate and is
  measured in btu(of fuel) per kwh (of power
  produced).
• Emission Rates typically measured in pounds
  per mmbtu heat input to the boiler. Cap limits
  are aggregated emissions over time.
• Unit operating ranges and ramp rates.
• Unit startups.
• Ancillary Services
• Performance can change over time. Sometimes
  quite rapidly.

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• Performance can be affected by a number of
  influences including
• Sudden equipment health issues.
• Fuel quality and quantity.
• Weather.
• Environmental influences including emissions,
  lake conditions and wildlife.
• Mode of Operation (AGC)
• Control Operator Influences.
• Longer term influences can include normal wear
  and tear and unit operational excursions.

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Real Time Process information can be used to
optimize decision making routines.

• Acquire
• Verify
• Process
• Disseminate
• The Process of acquiring, verifying, processing
  and disseminating asset performance information
  in near real time provides instantaneous feedback
  to the decision making teams and engines that are
  continually optimizing and maximizing net
  portfolio positions. Although current
  optimization tools require static curves, near
  real time bias of the curves can more closely
  approximate real unit operations.

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SUMMARY

• Near Real-time
• Risk Support
• Benchmarking
• Operational Enhancements