?????????? (Accreditation)

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Accreditation
DEFINITION ac-cred-i-ta-tion (-kredi-tashn)n.
The act of accrediting or the state of being
accredited, especially the granting of approval
to an institution of learning by an official
review board after the school has met specific
requirements American Heritage dictionary
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Accreditation
DEFINITION ac-cred-i-ta-tion (-kredi-tashn)n.
The act of accrediting or the state of being
accredited, especially the granting of approval
to an institution of learning by an official
review board after the school has met specific
requirements American Heritage dictionary
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Accreditation
DEFINITION Accreditation is a formal review
expertise-oriented program evaluation
Worthen B.R. Program evaluation, Longman, 1997
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Formal Professional Review System

• Structure or organization established to conduct
  periodic reviews

• Published standards (and possibly instruments)
  for use in such reviews

• A prespecified schedule (for example 5 years) on
  which reviews will be conducted

• Opinions of several experts combining to reach
  the overall judgments of value

• An impact on the status of that which is
  reviewed, depending on the outcome

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?????????? (??????)

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???? ??? ?? ???? WFME Position Paper, Medical
Education, 1998
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??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????
???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????
??????????(accreditation) ???? ? ???????? ?? ??
????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? (certification)
?? ??? ?? ???????.
Stufflebeam D.L.
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• UME
• LCME - USA CANADA
• AMC - AUSTRALIA
• AMFEM - MEXICO
• WFME - INTERNATIONAL
• GME
• ACGME - USA
• RCPSC - CANADA
• ICGME - I.R.IRAN
• AMC - AUSTRALIA

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????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????

• CME
• ACCME - USA
• Dentistry
• ADA-CDA - USA
• Allied Health
• CAAHEP - USA
• Health service
• JCAHO - USA
• CCAHS - CANADA

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AVICENNA
Ibn Sina (980-1037) Persian muslim physician and
philosopher
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• The Arabs improved many Greek and Roman medical,
  specially ocular, techniques. Additionally, they
  developed first-class civilian hospitals and used
  them not only to care for the blind, crippled,
  and chronically ill, but to also train medical
  personnel. Usually, these facilities included
  medical and surgical wards, a surgical room, a
  pharmacy, a clinic, a library, a lecture room, a
  chapel, and a mosque.  Some hospitals employed
  musicians and singers to comfort the patients
  with a type of musical therapy. 
• After several malpractice scandals in the 10th
  century, doctors were required to pass formal
  tests before being allowed to practice on their
  own. Similar tests for pharmacists were
  established as well. 

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AVICENNA

• The Arabs improved many Greek and Roman medical,
  specially ocular, techniques. Additionally, they
  developed first-class civilian hospitals and used
  them not only to care for the blind, crippled,
  and chronically ill, but to also train medical
  personnel. Usually, these facilities included
  medical and surgical wards, a surgical room, a
  pharmacy, a clinic, a library, a lecture room, a
  chapel, and a mosque.  Some hospitals employed
  musicians and singers to comfort the patients
  with a type of musical therapy. 
• After several malpractice scandals in the 10th
  century, doctors were required to pass formal
  tests before being allowed to practice on their
  own. Similar tests for pharmacists were
  established as well. 

Ibn Sina (980-1037) Persian Muslim Physician and
Philosopher
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???? ??? - ?

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Alternative Approaches to Program Evaluation
PROGRAMEVALUATION
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Accreditation
PROGRAMEVALUATION
Expertise- Oriented