Unit 5: States of Consciousness

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Unit 5States of Consciousness

• Mr. McCormick
• A.P. Psychology

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Essential Question

• What are the
• psychological roles of sleep, and how is ones
  consciousness affected by hypnosis, meditation,
  and various drugs?

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Unit 5 (A)Consciousness and Sleep

• Mr. McCormick
• A.P. Psychology

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Do-Now(Questionnaire/In Journal)

• Answer the questions on Hand-Out 3-8 A
  Morning-Evening Questionnaire
• Tally up the numbers of your responses
• 70-86 Definitely morning type
• 59-69 Moderately morning type
• 42-58 Neither type
• 31-41 Moderately evening type
• 16-30 Definitely evening type

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Do-Now(Questionnaire/In Journal)

• Answer the questions on Hand-Out 4-1
  Circadian Rhythms
• Tally up the numbers of your responses
• 70-86 Definitely morning type
• 59-69 Moderately morning type
• 42-58 Neither type
• 31-41 Moderately evening type
• 16-30 Definitely evening type

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Consciousness

• Consciousness
• Our awareness of ourselves and our environment
• Exists within a spectrum of levels (as opposed to
  simply conscious vs. unconscious)
• Freudian view Childhood experiences
• Modern view Parallel processing

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Consciousness
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Sleep

• Sleep is the irresistible tempter
• to whom we eventually succumb.

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Jet Lag

• Have you ever experienced Jet Lag?
• How did you feel?
• Why do you think this occurs?

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Biological Rhythms and Sleep

• Circadian Rhythm
• The biological clock
• Regular bodily rhythms (for example, of
  temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a
  24-hour schedule
• Ultradian Rhythm more than once each day
• Infradian Rhythm once per month/season

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Biological Rhythms and Sleep
Light triggers the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus to
decrease melatonin from the pineal gland in the
morning and increase it at nightfall.
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Sleep Stages

• Approximately every 90 minutes, we pass through a
  cycle of five distinct sleep stages (includes
  NREM and REM Sleep)

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Sleep Stages

• When awake, relaxed, and ready to fall asleep, a
  persons brain is producing alpha waves (9-14 cps)

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Sleep Stages

• Stage 1-2
• Lightest levels of sleep
• Pulse slows
• Muscles relax
• May hallucinate
• Breathing and brain waves become irregular
• Alpha waves/Theta waves (5-8 cps)

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Sleep Stages

• Stages 3-4
• Deepest levels of sleep
• Possibilities
• Sleepwalking/Sleep talking
• Bed-wetting
• Occurs early in the night
• Delta waves (1.5-4 cps)
• Important to physical and psychological
  well-being

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Sleep Stages

• Stage 5/REM Sleep
• Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
• Pulse and heart rate become irregular
• Face or fingers may twitch
• Large muscles become paralyzed
• Sexual arousal
• Vivid dreams
• Paradoxical Sleep
• Beta waves (15-40 cps)

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Sleep Stages
With each 90-minute cycle, stage 4 sleep
decreases and the duration of REM sleep increases.
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Sleep Stages

• Why may we sometimes naturally wake up throughout
  the night?
• Why might you feel more tired after taking a
  50-minute nap than you were before falling
  asleep?

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Why Do We Sleep?Theories of Sleep

• Sleep Protects Sleeping in the darkness when
  predators loomed about kept our ancestors out of
  harms way.
• Sleep Helps Us Recover Sleep helps restore and
  repair brain tissue.
• Sleep Helps Us Remember Sleep restores and
  rebuilds our fading memories.
• Sleep May Play a Role in the Growth Process
  During sleep, the pituitary gland releases growth
  hormone. Older people release less of this
  hormone and sleep less.

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Sleeping with Eyes OpenNocturnal Lagophthalmos
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Review

• What is consciousness?
• Provide an 3 examples of altered states of
  consciousness.
• How can ones consciousness be altered
• Physiologically
• Psychologically
• What is a circadian rhythm? How does it
  influence our sleep behavior?
• Discuss the sleep cycle
• What occurs during each stage of sleep?

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Homework

• Unit 5 Key People
• Unit 5 FRQ
• Unit 5 Quiz States of Consciousness