Updates on the Philippine Qualifications Framework (PQF)

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Updates on the Philippine Qualifications
Framework (PQF)
Catholic Educational Association of the
Philippines (CEAP) First Catholic Higher
Education Institutions (CHEI) Conference November
20, 2014

• Jose Y. Cueto Jr., MD, FPCS, FPSGS, MHPEd
• Professional Regulatory Board of Medicine
• Overall Technical Coordinator for the PQF

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Outline of Presentation

• 1. History of Qualifications Frameworks
• 2. Development of the PQF
• 3. Comparison with other countries
• 4. Components of the PQF
• 5. Challenges
• 6. Summary

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Background

• 1. History of Qualifications Frameworks

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Extent worldwide
Timing between the late 1980s and the mid-1990s Countries
1st Generation United Kingdom Scotland Australia New Zealand South Africa
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Extent worldwide
Timing between the late 1990s and the early 2000s Countries
2nd Generation Ireland Malaysia Maldives Mauritius Mexico Namibia Philippines Singapore Thailand Trinidad and Tobago Wales
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Extent worldwide
Timing mid 2000s to the present time Countries
3rd Generation Albania Angola Barbados Bosnia Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Chile China Colombia Democratic Republic of Congo Jamaica Lesotho, Macedonia Malawi Mozambique Romania Serbia Slovenia Uzbekistan Tanzania Turkey Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe
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Extent worldwide

• 142 countries
• Qualifications Frameworks / Systems
• Qualifications, Qualifications Levels and
  Learning Outcomes

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• 2. Development
• of the
• Philippine Qualifications Framework

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PQF Origin and Development
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FROM THE PRESIDENTS SONA 2011
His Excellency Benigno S. Aquino III, President
of the Republic of the Philippines, signed the
Executive Order No. 83 dated October 1, 2012
INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINE
QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK
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(No Transcript)
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The Philippine Qualifications Framework (PQF)
Competency-based
Labor market-driven
Assessment-based qualification recognition
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The PQF Coverage
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The PQF Coverage
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Objectives
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Governance of the PQF
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PQF National Coordinating Committee

• Chairman Secretary, DEPED
• Members Secretary, DOLE
• Director-General,TESDA
• Chairperson, CHED
• Chairperson, PRC

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PQF Working Groups and Lead Agencies
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8-LEVEL QUALIFICATIONS DESCRIPTORS

• Defined in terms of 3 domains
• 1. Knowledge, skills and values
• 2. Application
• 3. Degree of independence

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TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
BASIC EDUCATION
LEVEL
HIGHER EDUCATION
DOCTORAL AND POST DOCTORAL
POST BACCALAUREATE
BACCALAUREATE
BACCALAUREATE
DIPLOMA
NC IV
NC IV
NC III
GRADE 12
NC II
GRADE 10
NC I
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LEVEL 6
KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND VALUES Demonstrated broad and coherent knowledge and skills in their field of study for professional work and lifelong learning
APPLICATION Application in professional work in a broad range of discipline and/or for further study
DEGREE OF INDEPENDENCE Substantial degree of independence and/or in teams of related fields with minimal supervision
QUALIFICATION TYPE Baccalaureate Degree
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LEVEL 7
KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND VALUES Demonstrated advanced knowledge and skills in specialized or multidisciplinary field of study for professional practice, creative work, self-directed research and/or lifelong learning
APPLICATION Applied in professional work that requires leadership and management in a specialized or multidisciplinary professional work and/or research and/or further study
DEGREE OF INDEPENDENCE High degree of independence that involves exercise of leadership and initiative, individual work or in teams of multidisciplinary field
QUALIFICATION TYPE Post-baccalaureate Degree
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LEVEL 8
KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND VALUES Demonstrated highly advanced systematic knowledge and skills in highly specialized and/or multidisciplinary field of learning for complex research, creative work and/or professional practice and leadership for the advancement of learning and development of innovations
APPLICATION Applied in highly specialized or complex multidisciplinary field of professional work that requires innovation, and/or leadership and management and/or research in a specialized or multidisciplinary field
DEGREE OF INDEPENDENCE Full independence in individual work and/or in teams of multidisciplinary and more complex setting that demands leadership for research and creativity for value added. Significant level of expertise-based autonomy and accountability.
QUALIFICATION TYPE Doctoral and Postdoctoral
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• 3. Comparison with International
• Qualifications Frameworks

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BRUNEI DARUSSALAM QF Levels Schools Sector Technical and Vocational Education Sector Higher Education Sector
8 Doctoral Degree
7 Masters Degree Post Graduate Diploma Post Graduate Certificate
6 Bachelors Degree
5 Advanced Diploma Foundation Degree Advanced Diploma
4 GCE A Level IGCSE A Level IB Diploma STPU Diploma Certificate Diploma
3 GCE O Level (grades AC) IGCSE and GCSE O Level (grade A - C) SPU (grades A-C) Skills Certificate 3 (SC3) Certificate Diploma
2 GCE O Level (grades D-E) IGCSE (grade D-G) O Level SPU (grades D) BTEC Edexcel Level 2 First Certificate Skills Certificate 2 (SC2) Certificate Diploma
1 BTEC Edexcel Level 1 Introductory Certificate Skills Certificate 1 (SC1) Certificate Diploma
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Cambodia
CQF LEVEL TVET Higher Education
8 Doctoral Degree Doctoral Degree
7 Master of Technology/Business Master Degree
6 Bachelor of Technology / Engineering / Business Bachelor Degree
5 Higher Diploma Associate Degree
4 Technical Vocational Certificate III
3 Technical Vocational Certificate II
2 Technical Vocational Certificate I
1 Vocational Certificate
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INDONESIA
FORMAL ACADEMIC EDU
FORMAL VOCATIOAL/PROF EDU
S3
Subspesialist
9
S2
Spesialist
8
7
Professional
6
S1
D IV
5
D III
4
D II
D I
3
General High School
Vocational Senior High School
2
2
2
2
Elementary/Junior High School
1
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MALAYSIA
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MYANMAR (Ministry of Labour Employment and Social
Security)
Qualification Certificate System
Qualification Job level Skill, Knowledge and Ability
Certificate 1 1. Semi-skill worker Understands safety requirements Has basic practical skills and operational knowledge in a defined range of tasks Can carry out routine tasks given clear direction Can receive and pass on information Can access and record information Take limited responsibility
Certificate 2 2. Skilled worker Has practical skills and operational knowledge in a range of tasks Can carry out skilled tasks Take limited responsibility for output of self
Certificate 3 3. Advanced skilled worker Has some theoretical knowledge Has a range of well developed skills Can apply solutions to routine problems Can interpret available information Can take responsibility for output of others
Certificate 4 4. Supervisor Has a broad knowledge base, and can apply some theoretical concepts Can identify and apply skills and knowledge Can identify, analyze and evaluate information Understands and can take responsibility for quality, safety and environmental issues
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LAO PDR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
Technical and Vocational High Diploma Level 1.2
years for continual course 2-3 for regular
program
SKILL LEVEL IV (6 months) Supervisor
Technical and Vocational Diploma Level 1-2 Y for
continual course 2-3 Y for regular program
SKILL LEVEL III (6 months) Trade man
Vocational Education Certificate 93 (regular
program)
SKILL LEVEL II (6 months) Skill Worker
TV- CERT. IV 1 Y co
TV- CERT. III 1 Y cont.
TV- CERT. II 6m cont.
SKILL LEVEL I (6 months)Semi Skill Worker
VT-CERTIFICATE I 6m
SKILL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT OF MOLSW
TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING
(TVET)
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Singapore ( Workforce Development Agency)
WSQ (Workforce Skills Qualifications)
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NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OF THAILAND NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OF THAILAND
LEVEL QUALIFICATIONS TITLES
9 Doctoral Degree
8 Higher Graduate Diploma
7 Masters Degree
6 Graduate Diploma
5 Bachelors Degree
4 Diploma/ Associate Degree
3 Certificate III (vocational certificate skilled worker)
2 Certificate II (upper secondary and initial vocational training - semi skilled worker)
1 Certificate I (middle secondary and initial vocational training - worker with basic skills)
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Vietnam
LEVELS REQUIREMENTS CERTIFICATION
Level 1 Competent in performing simple and repetitive tasks Certificate 1
Level 2 Competent in performing simple tasks, repetitive tasks and some complicated tasks Certificate 2
Level 3 Can work independently without guidance Certificate 3
Level 4 Competent in performing a broad range of varied tasks, most of which are complex Certificate 4
Level 5 Competent in performing all varied tasks, fluently and skillfully Certificate 5
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United Arab Emirates
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(No Transcript)
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PQF Components

1. Quality Assurance
2. Pathways and Equivalencies
3. International Alignment
4. Qualifications Register
5. Lifelong Learning
6. Credit Transfer
7. Outcomes-based Education, Learning Outcomes

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1. Quality Assurance
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HALLENGE
Challenge A large number of HEIs with uneven
quality to monitor and quality assure
Note Thailand 169 HEIs Malaysia 435
Indonesia 3130 for 238M people
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Quality Assurance

• Permit to open/operate
• 
  Licensure
  exams Monitor conditions
• 
  
  Registration Code of
  Ethics
• 
  Licensing
  CPE/CPD
• 
  Oathtaking
  Admin. Investigation

Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
Higher Education Institutions
Graduates
Professionals
External Accrediting Body
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Quality Assurance

• Needed to protect the interests of people who
  gain qualifications
• To build confidence in the qualifications among
  its users, including employers

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Quality Assurance

• Developments globalization / migration /
  mobility of labor
• Foreign employers may not know details of
  individual qualifications
• Important they have confidence in the
  qualifications systems of the workers countries

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Quality Assurance

• External Accreditation System
• Only 11-15 of 2,000 HEIs have attained
  external accreditation
• (Quality of institutions)
• PRC Licensure Examinations average passing
  percentage 38 (2008-2012)
• (Quality of graduates)

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Quality Assurance

• Internal QA Key Processes
• Student Admissions
• Faculty Development
• Implementation of Curriculum
• Assessment of Students
• Promotion System
• Awarding of Qualification

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Quality Assurance

• For Regulated Professions
• Only institutions with a passing percentage equal
  to or higher than the national passing average
  can apply for accreditation

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QA of Student Assessment

• Peer review of
• Test Blueprint
• Examination items
• Classification of questions
• Standard setting MPL
• Item analysis results
• Examination Committee/s

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2. Pathways and Equivalencies

• To enable qualifications and learning to relate
  across areas and levels allowing people to move
  from one program of learning to another
• Alternative Learning Systems
• Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and
  Accreditation Program

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Ladderized Programs

• Embedded TVET Qualifications
• Maritime Education
• Mechanical Engineering
• Medical Technology
• Midwifery Education
• Nursing through Midwifery
• Respiratory Therapy
• Radiologic Technology

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Linked with Credit Transfer

• Transition and progression from one course or
  program to another without duplication of
  learning under the mechanism of credit
  accumulation and transfer
• Philippine Credit Transfer System

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(No Transcript)
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3. International Alignment

• Three Levels
• 1. Education
• 2. Practice of the Profession
• 3. Qualifications Frameworks

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International Alignment

• MEDICINE

Country No. of Years Degree
Philippines BS 5 Doctorate
US BS 5 Doctorate
Thailand K-12 6 Doctorate
Singapore K-12 5 Baccalaureate
Malaysia K-12 5 Baccalaureate
UK K-12 5 Baccalaureate
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Medical Education

• British System
• 12 years Basic Ed
• 5 years MBBS
• 17 years
• Bachelors Degree

• PHL System
• 10 years Basic Ed
• 4 years Baccalaureate
• 5 years MD
• 19 years
• Doctorate Degree

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Comparability Study Medicine

• THAILAND
• Pre-req K12
• Year 1 Premedical (GE)
• Years 2-3 Preclinical
• Years 4-6 Clinical
• Subjects
• Assessment
• 3-step Licensure Exams

• PHILIPPINES
• Pre-req Bachelors Degree
• Years 1-3 Preclinical
• Years 4-5 Clinical
• Subjects
• Assessment
• Licensure exams written

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Practice of the Profession

• THAILAND
• General Practice
• Specialty Practice
• Areas/Fields
• Duration (years)
• Certification
• Core Competencies
• Scope of Practice

• PHILIPPINES
• General Practice
• Specialty Practice
• Areas/ Fields
• Duration (years)
• Certification
• Core Competencies
• Scope of Practice

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International Alignment

• DENTISTRY

Country No. of Years Degree
Philippines 6 Doctorate
Malaysia 5 Baccalaureate
Singapore 4 Baccalaureate
Thailand 6 Doctorate
UK 5-6 Baccalaureate
US BS 4 Doctorate
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International Alignment

• OPTOMETRY

Country No. of Years Degree
Philippines 6 Doctorate
Thailand 4 Doctorate
Singapore 3 Baccalaureate
Malaysia 4 Baccalaureate
Indonesia 3 Diploma
Japan/Korea 4 Baccalaureate
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Studies on International Alignment

• Courses / Professions with internationally agreed
  upon frameworks and mechanisms
• Maritime (International Maritime Organization)
• Engineering (Washington, Sydney, Dublin accords)
• Accounting
• Nursing
• (Source CHED CMO 46, Section 3.2)

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4. Qualifications Register
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Example of Register Entry

• Qualification Title
• Qualification Level
• Issue Coding Number
• Date of Issue
• Issued by
• Descriptor
• Credit Units
• Entry Requirements
• Qualification developer
• Quality assurance body
• Content

• Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
• PQF Level 6
• 00____________
• ______________
• Mapua Institute of Technology
• The program provides a solid and coherent
  foundation of civil works, knowledge,
  professional skills, values, ethics and attitude
  that enable graduates to continue to learn and
  adapt to changes in practice of the profession
• 232
• Secondary Education Report Card
• Certificate of Good Moral Character
• Mapua Institute of Technology
• CHED, PACUCOA
• Generl Education subjects, Mathematics,
  Surveying, Hydraulics, Structural Engineering,
  Construction

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Example of Register Entry

• Diplomate/Fellow in General Surgery
• PQF Level 8
• 00____________
• ______________
• PSGS/PBS
• The program provides a solid and coherent
  foundation in the diagnosis and management of
  general surgical conditions, and exposure to the
  different surgical specialties.
• (compute number of hours or credits)
• Passed the Physician Licensure Examinations
• PSGS
• PBS, PCS
• Clinical rotations dealing with General
  Surgery, head and neck, breast, abdomen,
  abdominal wall, extremities, and Surgical
  Specialties.

• Qualification Title
• Qualification Level
• Issue Coding Number
• Date of Issue
• Issued by
• Descriptor
• Credit Units
• Entry Requirements
• Qualification developer
• Quality assurance body
• Content

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Qualification Levels
Filipino, BS Medical Technology
Bachelors Degree
PQF Level 6
MQF Level 6
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Qualification Levels
Filipino, Doctor of Medicine
Subspecialist Qualification
Specialist in Internal Medicine
IQF Level 9
Subspecialist in Cardiology
PQF Level 8
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Qualification Levels
Specialist in Internal Medicine
Indonesian, Doctor of Medicine
Subspecialist Qualification
Subspecialist in Cardiology
IQF Level 9
PQF Level 8
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Qualifications Register

• All Qualifications at different levels
• Basic Education
• TVET
• Higher Education
• Professional Level

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5. Lifelong Learning
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
FORMALLEARNING
NON-FORMALLEARNING
INFORMALLEARNING
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5. Lifelong Learning
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
FORMALLEARNING
NON-FORMALLEARNING
INFORMALLEARNING
46 PRC CPD COUNCILS
ACCREDITED CPD PROVIDERS
ACCREDITED PROGRAMS
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6. Credit Transfer

1. Number of hours Number of credits
2. Different kinds of activities
3. Notional number of credits

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7. Outcomes-based Education
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Outcomes-based Education
LEVELS PROGRAMS
Professional Level CPD
Higher Education PSGs and CMO
TVET Training Regulations
Basic Education K12 Program
Unifying Thread Outcomes-based Education
Use of Learning Outcomes
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FUTURE INITIATIVES
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Regional Situation

ASEANINTEGRATION 2015
ASEAN MRA / MRS
National Qualifications Frameworks (10 countries)
Referencing Process
Device for Comparison
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework
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REFERENCING PROCESS
Country (A)

• Implementation of NQF
• 2. Documentation of processes, QA mechanisms
• 3. Referencing process
• (Proposed date 2018)
• 4. Each country forms referencing panel
• 5. Panel includes international expert and one
  observer from another ASEAN country

AQRF
Qualifications (A)
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• SUMMARY

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• FOR YOUR
• KIND ATTENTION!
• Email jcuetomd_at_gmail.com