Prayer Homework Attendance

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PrayerHomeworkAttendance
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Chapters 4.1 to 4.11Energy

• Ms. Doshi

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Energy Terms I
Term Definition
biofuels Example fuel from algae or cellulose fuels made from plants and animals
fossil fuels Example oil, natural gas, coal fuels made from decayed remains of plants and animals remains changed by millions of years of heat, pressure, and bacteria
photosynthesis a process plants get energy from the sun and store it in sugar and other food molecules
cellular respiration a process living organisms release energy stored in chemical bonds of food molecules, and use it to fuel life
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Why use biofuels?
Gasoline Animal Fats Plant Oils
contain chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms bound together Yes Yes Yes
breaking carbon-hydrogen bonds release large amounts of energy (and water and CO2) Yes Yes Yes
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Fossil Fuels vs. Biofuels
Fossil Fuels Biofuels
long time to process (need decayed remains of animals and plants after millions of years) short time to process (need animal and plant, sunlight, air, and water)
low supply depends on supply
bad for the environment -causes global warming bad for the environment -destroys forests, etc.
cancer-causing does not cause cancer
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2 videos to watch

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vT_S7Q3Uede4
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vQP_HbQ5cWSk

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All Life and the SUN
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Energy Terms II
Term Definition
Energy the capacity to do work
Work anything that involves moving matter against an opposing force.
Kinetic Energy the energy of moving objects.
Potential Energy the stored energy or the capacity to do work that results from an objects location or position.
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Examples of Energy
Kinetic Energy Potential Energy
legs pushing the bike pedals birds flapping their wings heat (lots of molecules moving quickly) water behind a dam a concentration gradient chemical energy energy stored in chemical bonds
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Kinetic Energy or Potential Energy?
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Kinetic Energy or Potential Energy?
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Kinetic Energy or Potential Energy?
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Kinetic Energy or Potential Energy?
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Kinetic Energy or Potential Energy?
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Chemical Energy
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Energy Terms III
Term Definition
thermodynamics the study of the transformation of energy from one type to another (Ex. from potential energy to kinetic energy).
first law of thermodynamics energy can never be created or destroyed (It can only change from one form to another)
second law of thermodynamics every conversion of energy is not perfectly efficient some energy is transformed into heat
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Energy Transformations
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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

• ATP
• -a molecule found in cells
• -temporarily stores energy that can be used for
  cellular work in plants, animals, bacteria, and
  other organisms.

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ATP and ADP Structure
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ATP can be used again and again
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Questions I

• 1. What is the chemical difference between plant
  oils, animal fats, and gasoline?
• 2. What is the definition for biofuels?
• 3. What are 2 examples of biofuels?
• 4. What is the definition for fossil fuels?
• 5. What are 3 examples of fossil fuels?
• 6. Write Fossil Fuel or Biofuel for the following
  questions
• a long time to process
• bad for the environment
• low supply
• causes cancer
• 7. What is photosynthesis?
• 8. What is cellular respiration?
• 9. Does photosynthesis occur in animals?
• 10. What are the Laws of Thermodynamics?
• 11. What is chemical energy, kinetic energy,
  potential energy, and energy?
• 12. What is the structure of ATP, ADP and why are
  the bonds between phosphate groups important?

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Any Questions?Any Answers?

• Any Comments?