RNA

1
RNA

• Ribonucleic Acid
• Single-stranded
• Contains Uracil instead of thymine

2
RNA

• RNA like DNA is composed of Nucleotides
• 5 carbon sugar (ribose)
• phosphate group
• nitrogenous bases ( adenine, uracil, guanine, and
  cytosine)

3
Give the complementary strand of RNA.

• DNA-ATGCATTACGAAGCTT
• RNA-____________________

4
What are 3 major differences that make RNA
different from DNA?

• Sugar- Ribose (RNA)
• Nitrogenous Base- Uracil (RNA)
• Single-Stranded (RNA)

5
There are 3 main types of RNA

• A. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) combines with proteins
  to make ribosomes
• B. Transfer RNA (tRNA) during translation, it
  transfers each amino acid to the ribosome to make
  proteins
• C. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries copies of
  instructions to make new DNA

6
Similarities and differences between RNA and DNA
DNA RNA
Full Name
Sugar
Shape
Function
Nitrogenous Bases
Location
7
Similarities and differences between RNA and DNA
DNA RNA
Full Name Deoxyribonucleic Acid Ribonucleic Acid
Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose
Shape Double-Stranded Single-Stranded
Function Stores Genetic Information Copies DNA
Nitrogenous Bases Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine
Location DNA cant leave the nucleus RNA can leave the nucleus
8
Transcription

• During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA
  and separates the DNA strands. RNA polymerase
  then uses one strand of DNA as a template from
  which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of
  RNA.
• So, RNA is making a single-stranded copy from DNA
  that takes information out of the nucleus.

9

• Transcription RNA molecules are produced by
  copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA
  into a complementary sequence in RNA.
• Instead of DNA polymerase that is used in
  replication, RNA polymerase is used to begin the
  transcription process.

10

• WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RNA and DNA?
• RNA cant be copied without DNA.
• DNA cant send its information through the cell
  without RNA.

11

• Where does replication take place?
• Nucleus
• Where does transcription take place?
• Nucleus
• Where does translation take place?
• Ribosome

12
Transcription Animation

• http//bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp12
  /1202001.html
• http//www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/
  molgenetics/transcription.swf

13
Translation Animation

• http//www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/
  molgenetics/translation.swf
• http//www.biostudio.com/demo_freeman_protein_synt
  hesis.htm
• http//www.johnkyrk.com/
• http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/s
  tudent_view0/chapter15/animations.html